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Metformin - History | A Wisdom Archive on Metformin - History | | Metformin - History A selection of articles related to Metformin - History | |
| We recommend this article: Metformin - History - 1, and also this: Metformin - History - 2. |
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More material related to Metformin can be found here:
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Metformin, Metformin - Contraindications, Metformin - History, Metformin - Mechanism of action, Metformin - Side-effects, Metformin - Sources, Metformin - Uses
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Metformin - History | |
| | |  Metformin - History: Encyclopedia II - Metformin - Side-effects
The most serious side effect of metformin is lactic acidosis. However, this complication is rare if the contra-indications are followed, as it seems limited to those with impaired liver and/or kidney function.
Phenformin was withdrawn because of an increased risk of lactic acidosis (up to 60 cases per million patient-years). In recent studies it was revealed that, as long as it is not prescribed to patients who are at risk, metformin is much safer, and the risk of lactic acidosis approximates that of people who are not on the m ...
See also:Metformin, Metformin - Uses, Metformin - Mechanism of action, Metformin - Side-effects, Metformin - Contraindications, Metformin - History, Metformin - Sources Read more here: » Metformin: Encyclopedia II - Metformin - Side-effects |
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| | | | Metformin - History: Encyclopedia II - Sulfonylurea - Uses Sulfonylureas are used almost exclusively in diabetes mellitus type 2. Other types of diabetes generally do not respond to sulfonylurea therapy, or (in diabetes of pregnancy) there are other contraindications.
Although for many years sulfonylureas were the first drugs to be used in new cases of diabetes, in the 1990s it was discovered that obese patients might benefit more from metformin.
In about 10% of patients, sulfonylureas alone are ineffective in controlling blood glucose levels. Addition of metformin or a thiazolidinedio ...
See also:Sulfonylurea, Sulfonylurea - Drugs in this class, Sulfonylurea - Chemistry, Sulfonylurea - Pharmacology, Sulfonylurea - Method of action, Sulfonylurea - Pharmacokinetics, Sulfonylurea - Uses, Sulfonylurea - Side-effects and cautions, Sulfonylurea - History Read more here: » Sulfonylurea: Encyclopedia II - Sulfonylurea - Uses |
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| | | | Metformin - History: Encyclopedia II - Sulfonylurea - Side-effects and cautions Sulfonylureas, as opposed to metformin and the thiazolidinediones, can induce hypoglycemia when insulin production overshoots. It is treated with sugary food, or (in the case of hypoglycemic coma) with intravenous dextrose. The best way to prevent this side-effect is to choose the lowest possible dose that adequately controls glucose levels.
Like insulin, sulfonylureas can induce weight gain, mainly as a result of fluid retention and improvement of osmotic diuresis. Other side-effects ar ...
See also:Sulfonylurea, Sulfonylurea - Drugs in this class, Sulfonylurea - Chemistry, Sulfonylurea - Pharmacology, Sulfonylurea - Method of action, Sulfonylurea - Pharmacokinetics, Sulfonylurea - Uses, Sulfonylurea - Side-effects and cautions, Sulfonylurea - History Read more here: » Sulfonylurea: Encyclopedia II - Sulfonylurea - Side-effects and cautions |
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| | | | Metformin - History: Encyclopedia II - Sulfonylurea - Pharmacology
Sulfonylurea - Method of action.
Sulfonylureas bind to an ATP-dependent K+ channel on the cell membrane of pancreatic beta cells. This inhibits a tonic, hyperpolarizing outflux of potassium, which causes the electric potential over the membrane to become more positive. This depolarization opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. The rise in intracellular calcium leads to increased fusion of insulin granulae with the cell membrane, and t ...
See also:Sulfonylurea, Sulfonylurea - Drugs in this class, Sulfonylurea - Chemistry, Sulfonylurea - Pharmacology, Sulfonylurea - Method of action, Sulfonylurea - Pharmacokinetics, Sulfonylurea - Uses, Sulfonylurea - Side-effects and cautions, Sulfonylurea - History Read more here: » Sulfonylurea: Encyclopedia II - Sulfonylurea - Pharmacology |
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| | | | Metformin - History: Encyclopedia II - Insulin resistance - Therapy Both metformin and the thiazolidinediones improve insulin resistance. Exercise, weight loss, and a low glycemic index diet may help.
The Diabetes Prevention Program showed that exercise and diet were nearly twice as effective as metformin at reducing the risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes (Knowler et al 2002).
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See also:Insulin resistance, Insulin resistance - Pathophysiology, Insulin resistance - Investigation, Insulin resistance - Glucose tolerance testing GTT, Insulin resistance - Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, Insulin resistance - Alternatives, Insulin resistance - Causes of insulin resistance, Insulin resistance - Therapy, Insulin resistance - History, Insulin resistance - Sources Read more here: » Insulin resistance: Encyclopedia II - Insulin resistance - Therapy |
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| | | | Metformin - History: Encyclopedia II - Insulin resistance - Therapy Both metformin and the thiazolidinediones improve insulin resistance. Exercise, weight loss, and a low glycemic index diet may help.
The Diabetes Prevention Program showed that exercise and diet were nearly twice as effective as metformin at reducing the risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes (Knowler et al 2002).
Naturopathic approaches to insulin resistance include: supplementation of chromium and vanadium have been shown to potentiate the effects of insulin at receptor cells, bitter melon (momordica) and gymnem ...
See also:Insulin resistance, Insulin resistance - Pathophysiology, Insulin resistance - Investigation, Insulin resistance - Glucose tolerance testing GTT, Insulin resistance - Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, Insulin resistance - Alternatives, Insulin resistance - Causes of insulin resistance, Insulin resistance - Therapy, Insulin resistance - History, Insulin resistance - Sources Read more here: » Insulin resistance: Encyclopedia II - Insulin resistance - Therapy |
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