Animal Magnetism. See MESMERISM

(See also: Animal Magnetism, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Mesmer, Franz

Founder of Mesmerism.

(See also: Franz Mesmer, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

phreno-mesmerism (phreno-magnetism, phrenopathy): Form of phrenology based on the principles of mesmerism. Its self-styled discoverers included a Dr. Collyer and Rev. Laroy Sunderland. Phrenopathy theory posits cerebral organs: cephalic protrusions that correspond to mental traits.

(See also: Phreno-mesmerism, Body Mind and Soul, Alternative Health, Alternative Health Dictionary)

Mesmer was born in the village of Iznang, Swabia. After studying at the Jesuit universities of Dillingen and Ingolstadt, he took up the study of medicine at the University of Vienna in 1759. In 1766 he published a doctoral dissertation with the Latin title De planetarum influxu in corpus humanum, which discussed the influence of the Moon and the planets on the human body and on disease (medical astrology). Evidence assembled by Frank A. Pattie suggests that Mesmer plagiarized his dissertati ...

See also:

Franz Mesmer, Franz Mesmer - Early life, Franz Mesmer - The advent of animal magnetism, Franz Mesmer - Trivia, Franz Mesmer - Works by Franz Mesmer

Read more here: » Franz Mesmer: Encyclopedia II - Franz Mesmer - Early life

In 1774 Mesmer used a magnet to produce an "artificial tide" in a patient. Mesmer had her swallow a preparation containing iron, and then attached magnets to various parts of her body. She reported feeling streams of a mysterious fluid running through her body and was relieved of her symptoms for several hours. Mesmer did not believe that the magnets had achieved the cure on their own. He felt that he had contributed animal magnetism, which had accumulated in his own body, to ...

See also:

Franz Mesmer, Franz Mesmer - Early life, Franz Mesmer - The advent of animal magnetism, Franz Mesmer - Trivia, Franz Mesmer - Works by Franz Mesmer

Read more here: » Franz Mesmer: Encyclopedia II - Franz Mesmer - The advent of animal magnetism

Friedrich Anton Mesmer. The famous physician who rediscovered and applied practically that magnetic fluid in man which was called animal magnetism and since then Mesmerism.

He was born in Schwaben, in 1734 and died in 1815. He was an initiated member of the Brotherhoods of the Fratres Lucis and of Lukshoor (or Luxor), or the Egyptian Branch of’ the latter. It was the Council of "Luxor" which selected him - according to the orders of the "Great Brotherhood" - to act in the XVIIIth century as their usual pioneer, sent in the last quarter of every century to enlighten a small portion of the Western nations in occult lore. It was St. Germain who supervised the development of events in this case; and later Cagliostro was commissioned to help, but having made a series of mistakes, more or less fatal, he was recalled.

Of these three men who were at first regarded as quacks, Mesmer is already vindicated. The justification of the two others will follow in the next century. Mesmer founded the "Order of Universal Harmony" in 1783, in which presumably only animal magnetism was taught, but which in reality expounded the tenets of Hippocrates, the methods of the ancient Asclepieia, the Temples of Healing, and many other occult sciences.

(See also: Friedrich Anton Mesmer, Theosophy, Spirituality, Body mind and Soul, Spiritual Dictionary, )

Friedrich Anton Mesmer (1734-1815) Austrian physician who rediscovered and applied the human magnetic fluid, called animal magnetism and then mesmerism. "He was an initiated member of the Brotherhoods of the Fratres Lucis and of Lukshoor (or Luxor), or the Egyptian Branch of the latter. It was the Council of 'Luxor' which selected him -- according to the orders of the 'Great Brotherhood' -- to act in the XVIIIth century as their usual pioneer, sent in the last quarter of every century to enlighten a small portion of the Western nations in occult lore.

It was St. Germain who supervised the development of events in this case; and later Cagloistro was commissioned to help, but having made a series of mistakes, more or less fatal, he was recalled. . . . Mesmer founded the 'Order of Universal Harmony' in 1783, in which presumably only animal magnetism was taught, but which in reality expounded the tenets of Hippocrates, the methods of the ancient Asclepieia, the Temples of Healing, and many other occult sciences" (TG 213-4).

See also MAGNETIC HEALING

(See also: Friedrich Anton Mesmer, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary)

One thing Spiritists often have to deal with is the fact that the events and theories that influenced Kardec or based his initial interest on the subject are believed to be fake. These were the famous Fox Sisters and the phenomenon of the Spinning Tables. The hype of Mesmerism also contributed a lot to the early Spiritist practice. Spiritism - Fox Sisters. In 1847 the Fox family moved into a house in Hydesville, New York which had been previously owned by one Venckman. The Foxes had six children, but only the youngest girls, Margaret (14) and K ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions, Spiritism - See Also

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - Precursors

In 1844 Miss Martineau underwent a course of mesmerism, and in a few months was restored to health. She eventually published an account of her case, which had caused much discussion, in sixteen Letters on Mesmerism. This led to friction with 'the natural prejudices of a surgeon and a surgeon's wife' and in 1845 she left Tynemouth for Ambleside in the Lake District, where she built herself "The Knoll", the house in whic ...

See also:

Harriet Martineau, Harriet Martineau - Early life, Harriet Martineau - London and the United States, Harriet Martineau - Ambleside, Harriet Martineau - Mesmerism

Read more here: » Harriet Martineau: Encyclopedia II - Harriet Martineau - Ambleside

The occured phenomenons that led to Kardec research were the famous (at the time) Fox Sisters and the phenomenon of the Spinning Tables. The hype of Mesmerism also contributed a lot to the early Spiritist practice. Spiritism - Fox Sisters. In 1847 the Fox family moved into a house in Hydesville, New York which had been previously owned by one Venckman. The Foxes had six children, but only the youngest girls, Margaret (14) and K ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - Precursors

Martineau was born in Norwich, where her father was a manufacturer. The family was of Huguenot extraction (see James Martineau) and professed Unitarian views. The atmosphere of her home was industrious, intellectual and austere; she herself was clever, but weakly and unhappy; she had no sense of taste or smell, and moreover early grew deaf, having to use an ear trumpet. At the age of fifteen the state of her health and nerves led to a prolonged visit to her father's sister, Mrs Kentish, who kept a school at Bristol. Here, in the companionshi ...

See also:

Harriet Martineau, Harriet Martineau - Early life, Harriet Martineau - London and the United States, Harriet Martineau - Ambleside, Harriet Martineau - Mesmerism

Read more here: » Harriet Martineau: Encyclopedia II - Harriet Martineau - Early life

In 1832 she moved to London, where she numbered among her acquaintances Henry Hallam, Henry Hart Milman, Thomas Malthus, Monckton Milnes, Sydney Smith, Edward George Bulwer-Lytton, and later Thomas Carlyle. Until 1834 she continued to be occupied with her political economy series and with a supplemental series of Illustrations of Taxation. Four stories supporting the Whig Poor Law reforms came out about the same time. These tales, direct, lucid, written without any appearance of effort, and yet practically effective, display the characterist ...

See also:

Harriet Martineau, Harriet Martineau - Early life, Harriet Martineau - London and the United States, Harriet Martineau - Ambleside, Harriet Martineau - Mesmerism

Read more here: » Harriet Martineau: Encyclopedia II - Harriet Martineau - London and the United States

Spiritism - Basic Books. The basic doctrine of Spiritism (a.k.a. "the codification") is defined in five books written and published by Allan Kardec, collecting communications received from Enlightened Spirits. The Spirits Book -- Defines the guidelines of the doctrine and clarifies its roots and relationship to similar or namesake doctrines. The Book on Mediums -- Details the "mechanics" of the spiritual world, the processes involved in chanelling spirits, techniques to be developed by would ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions, Spiritism - See Also

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - An Overview

There are currently six character professions available, each with their own attributes and unique skill sets, though it is not uncommon to see specific 'builds' centered around a particular arrangement of skills and professions: It is confirmed that in the Chapter 2 expansion, Guild Wars: Factions, there will be at least two new professions: the Assassin and the Ritualist. < ...

See also:

Guild Wars, Guild Wars - Overview, Guild Wars - Game mechanics, Guild Wars - Professions, Guild Wars - Elementalist, Guild Wars - Mesmer, Guild Wars - Monk, Guild Wars - Necromancer, Guild Wars - Ranger, Guild Wars - Warrior, Guild Wars - Locations, Guild Wars - Common terms, Guild Wars - Emotes, Guild Wars - Collector's Edition, Guild Wars - World Championship

Read more here: » Guild Wars: Encyclopedia II - Guild Wars - Professions

The term Kardecist Spiritism is often used, especially in statistics regarding religion, to differ Spiritism proper (as established by Kardec) and other types of practices and beliefs named alike. It is a quite stable religious denomination, especially strong in Brazil. Other religions and cults claiming the name are usually smaller, fringe religious groups that want to benefit from identifica ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions, Spiritism - See Also

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions

Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion. Kardec defined his doctrine as "Religion, Science and Philosophy. It is a religion in the sense that it is concerned with the word of God; it is the science that studies spiritual phenomena and it is the moral philosophy behind all Christian denominations. He embraced all Christian ramifications like a single Religion, derived from the word of Jesus, needing a new revelation, which was made on that moment by spirits. Therefore, the rituals and the organisation are taken from whatever religion one follows, though what really matters are not the exterior ritu ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions, Spiritism - See Also

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism

The term Kardecist Spiritism is often used, especially in statistics regarding religion, to differ Spiritism proper (as established by Kardec) and other types of practices and beliefs named alike. It is a quite stable religious denomination, especially strong in Brazil. Other religions and cults claiming the name are usually smaller, fringe religious groups that want to benefit from identifica ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions

Each player character in and of itself is composed of one primary profession and one secondary profession, with the six professions allowing for a potential of 30 distinct combinations (one of six primaries and a choice of five secondaries). Each profession has access to approximately 75 skills, ~60 being common and ~15 being elite. Elite skills can be captured from bosses by using the Signet of Capture skill. This allows for a possible total of almost 150 skills per character to acquire, choose from, and bring into battle. However, c ...

See also:

Guild Wars, Guild Wars - Overview, Guild Wars - Game mechanics, Guild Wars - Professions, Guild Wars - Elementalist, Guild Wars - Mesmer, Guild Wars - Monk, Guild Wars - Necromancer, Guild Wars - Ranger, Guild Wars - Warrior, Guild Wars - Locations, Guild Wars - Common terms, Guild Wars - Emotes, Guild Wars - Collector's Edition, Guild Wars - World Championship

Read more here: » Guild Wars: Encyclopedia II - Guild Wars - Game mechanics

Spiritism - Basic Books. The basic doctrine of Spiritism (a.k.a. "the codification") is defined in five books written and published by Allan Kardec, collecting communications received from Enlightened Spirits. The Spirits Book -- Defines the guidelines of the doctrine and clarifies its roots and relationship to similar or namesake doctrines. The Book on Mediums -- Details the "mechanics" of the spiritual world, the processes involved in chanelling spirits, techniques to be developed by would ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - An Overview

Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism. Christianism has been traditionally critic of Spiritism, mostly because the Mosaic Law clearly forbade the Jewish people all forms of communication with the dead (Deut. 18: 10-14). Modern Christian exegesis holds that the supposed spirits of the dead are actually fallen angels. Most of the Christian opposition to Spiritism is found among Evangelical Christians, especially those of Lutheran doctrine, who belive salvation is a free gift of God, which we are unworthy of ...

See also:

Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism and Related Religions, Spiritism - Precursors, Spiritism - Fox Sisters, Spiritism - Spinning Tables, Spiritism - Mesmerism, Spiritism - An Overview, Spiritism - Basic Books, Spiritism - Doctrine, Spiritism - Leading a Spiritist Life, Spiritism - Organization, Spiritism - The Role of Spiritism, Spiritism - Spiritism as a Religion, Spiritism - Spiritism as Science, Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions, Spiritism - Spiritism and Christianism, Spiritism - Spiritism Through History, Spiritism - Syncretic Religions, Spiritism - See Also

Read more here: » Spiritism: Encyclopedia II - Spiritism - Spiritism and Other Religions

There are currently six character professions available, each with their own attributes and unique skill sets, though it is not uncommon to see specific 'builds' centered around a particular arrangement of skills and professions. The developer, ArenaNet, has confirmed that there will be additional professions introduced with future expansions to the game. In the upcoming Guild Wars: Factions, which is due in the second quarter of 2006, there will be two new professions: the Assassin and the Ritualist. < ...

See also:

Guild Wars, Guild Wars - Overview, Guild Wars - Game mechanics, Guild Wars - Professions, Guild Wars - Elementalist, Guild Wars - Mesmer, Guild Wars - Monk, Guild Wars - Necromancer, Guild Wars - Ranger, Guild Wars - Warrior, Guild Wars - Guild Wars: Factions, Guild Wars - Assassin, Guild Wars - Ritualist, Guild Wars - Locations, Guild Wars - Criticism, Guild Wars - The gaining of new skills, Guild Wars - Common terms, Guild Wars - Emotes, Guild Wars - Collector's Edition

Read more here: » Guild Wars: Encyclopedia II - Guild Wars - Professions