Lady Thatcher's husband, Sir Denis Thatcher, died in June 2003. The couple had been married for fifty-two years and had two children, twins, on 15 August 1953. Her son, Sir Mark Thatcher, has been dogged by a series of controversies from 1982 when he went missing in the Sahara Desert to January 2005 when he was fined three million rand and received a four-year suspended jail sentence in South Africa over funding an aircraft intended for use in a planned coup d'etat in Equatorial Guinea. Her daughter, the journalist and commentator Hon. Carol Thatcher, won the fifth series of the British realit ...

See also:

Margaret Thatcher, Margaret Thatcher - Early life and education, Margaret Thatcher - Political career between 1950 and 1970, Margaret Thatcher - In Heath's Cabinet, Margaret Thatcher - As Leader of the Opposition, Margaret Thatcher - As Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher - 1979–1983, Margaret Thatcher - 1983–1987, Margaret Thatcher - 1987–1990, Margaret Thatcher - Fall from power, Margaret Thatcher - Post-political career, Margaret Thatcher - Legacy, Margaret Thatcher - Family life, Margaret Thatcher - Titles and honours, Margaret Thatcher - Titles from birth, Margaret Thatcher - Honours

Read more here: » Margaret Thatcher: Encyclopedia II - Margaret Thatcher - Family life

dharma: (Sanskrit) "Righteousness." From dhri, "to sustain; carry, hold."

Hence dharma is "that which contains or upholds the cosmos." Dharma, religion, is a complex and all-inclusive term with many meanings, including: divine law, law of being, way of righteousness, religion, ethics, duty, responsibility, virtue, justice, goodness and truth. Essentially, dharma is the orderly fulfillment of an inherent nature or destiny. Relating to the soul, it is the mode of conduct most conducive to spiritual advancement, the right and righteous path.

(See also: Dharma , Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Merit Dictionary

Arthur Jensen is a prominent educational psychologist, known for his work in psychometrics and differential psychology, which is concerned with how and why individuals differ behaviorally from one another. Jensen is a leading authority on IQ, and his work on testing bias is canonical. He is a major proponent of the hereditarian position in the nature versus nurture debate, the position that concludes genetics play a significant role in behavioral traits, such as intelligence and personality traits. He is the author of over 400 ...

Including:

• Arthur Jensen - IQ and academic achievement
• Arthur Jensen - Gould's criticism
• Arthur Jensen - Recent books
• Arthur Jensen - The g Factor
• Arthur Jensen - Clocking the Mind

Read more here: » Arthur Jensen: Encyclopedia - Arthur Jensen

Washington was a man of great personal integrity, with a deeply held sense of duty, honor and patriotism. He was courageous and farsighted, holding the Continental Army together through eight hard years of war and numerous privations, sometimes by sheer force of will. Washington was notable for his modesty and carefully controlled ambition. He never accepted pay during his military service with the Continental Army, and was genuinely reluctant to assume any of the offices thrust upon him. When John Adams recommended him to the Contine ...

See also:

George Washington, George Washington - Early life, George Washington - French and Indian War: 1753-1773, George Washington - American Revolution: 1774-1783, George Washington - Virginia Planter 1783-1787, George Washington - Presidency: 1789-1797, George Washington - Cabinet, George Washington - Supreme Court appointments, George Washington - Major presidential acts, George Washington - States admitted to the Union, George Washington - Farewell Address, George Washington - Retirement and death, George Washington - After his death, George Washington - Monuments and memorials, George Washington - Summary of military career, George Washington - Personal information, George Washington - Washington and slavery, George Washington - Religious beliefs, George Washington - Trivia, George Washington - Scholarly secondary sources, George Washington - Notes

Read more here: » George Washington: Encyclopedia II - George Washington - Personal information

Located in Rochester, New York, USA and founded in 1850, the University of Rochester is a private, coeducational and nonsectarian research institution. A member of the Association of American Universities, Rochester offers degree programs at the bachelor's, master's, and doctoral levels, as well as in several professional disciplines. The University's current president is Joel Seligman, who replaced Thomas H. Jackson as the University's 10th president on July 1, 2005. The university is one of 60 elected me ...

Including:

• University of Rochester - Facts and figures
• University of Rochester - Enrollment
• University of Rochester - Faculty
• University of Rochester - Research
• University of Rochester - Academic affiliations
• University of Rochester - Funding and finances
• University of Rochester - History
• University of Rochester - Principal units
• University of Rochester - River Campus
• University of Rochester - Medical Center
• University of Rochester - Eastman School of Music
• University of Rochester - South Campus
• University of Rochester - Memorial Art Gallery
• University of Rochester - Rochester Area Properties
• University of Rochester - Students' Association
• University of Rochester - Internet communities
• University of Rochester - Notable alumni
• University of Rochester - Points of interest

Read more here: » University of Rochester: Encyclopedia - University of Rochester

Air America is a relatively new entrant into the mature format of news talk radio, known in the radio industry as "talkers". The network was known as Central Air during its development phase. Air America Radio - Historical context. In formulating its programming decisions and business plan, Air America took into account the history of media and politics. Since the 1964 presidential election, opponents of the New Deal coalition had been building think tanks and media to formulate or contribute to a R ...

See also:

Air America Radio, Air America Radio - Programming overview, Air America Radio - News editorials and public affairs, Air America Radio - Comedy on Air America, Air America Radio - Listener participation, Air America Radio - Weekday programs, Air America Radio - Weekend programs varies, Air America Radio - Syndication, Air America Radio - Competing Progressive Talk Programming, Air America Radio - Business plan overview, Air America Radio - Historical context, Air America Radio - Early start-up difficulties, Air America Radio - Ratings, Air America Radio - Support from Clear Channel, Air America Radio - Community relations, Air America Radio - Promotion, Air America Radio - Archives, Air America Radio - Affiliates, Air America Radio - Controversies, Air America Radio - Gloria Wise Loan Case, Air America Radio - Shooting spoiled child skit, Air America Radio - Liz Winstead contract, Air America Radio - Profitability

Read more here: » Air America Radio: Encyclopedia II - Air America Radio - Business plan overview

Generally speaking, a child of a holder of the following titles inherits the title which is one step below. However, the inheritance is on the male line only: a female Mom Rajawongse married to a plain commoner would produce a child with no title. (However, see Khun (courtesy title) below.) Tradition also requires that a princess asks for royal permission and surrenders her title if she wishes to marry a man of lesser title, e.g. if a female Chao Fa wishes to marry a male Mom Rajawongse. This happened in recent time to Chao Fa Ubolratana Raj ...

See also:

Thai royal and noble titles, Thai royal and noble titles - Title for a king, Thai royal and noble titles - Phrabat Somdej Phra Chao Yu Hua, Thai royal and noble titles - Somdej Phra Chao Yu Hua, Thai royal and noble titles - Title for a royal consort, Thai royal and noble titles - The queen, Thai royal and noble titles - Other royal consorts who were born princesses, Thai royal and noble titles - Royal consorts who were born commoners, Thai royal and noble titles - Title for a royal descendant, Thai royal and noble titles - The 'princes', Thai royal and noble titles - The 'commoners', Thai royal and noble titles - Miscellaneous titles of the royal descendants, Thai royal and noble titles - Title of a wife to a prince, Thai royal and noble titles - Phra Chaya, Thai royal and noble titles - Chaya, Thai royal and noble titles - Mom wife, Thai royal and noble titles - Feudal titles, Thai royal and noble titles - Feudal titles for commoner, Thai royal and noble titles - Somdej Chao Phraya, Thai royal and noble titles - Chao Phraya, Thai royal and noble titles - Phraya, Thai royal and noble titles - Phra and and Jamhun or Phranai, Thai royal and noble titles - Luang, Thai royal and noble titles - Khun, Thai royal and noble titles - Mhun, Thai royal and noble titles - Pan, Thai royal and noble titles - Nai, Thai royal and noble titles - Woman Feudal titles

Read more here: » Thai royal and noble titles: Encyclopedia II - Thai royal and noble titles - Title for a royal descendant

Buddhism, naturally following from Vedic society, also developed its own system and understanding of mantra, which while similar to that of Hinduism's, also took on its own particularities, especially according to region. Mantra - Mantra in Shingon Buddhism. Kūkai advanced a general theory of language based on his analysis of two forms of Buddhist ritual language: dharani (dhāra.nī) and mantra. Mantra is restricted to esoteric Buddhist practice whereas dharani is found in both esote ...

See also:

Mantra, Mantra - Introduction, Mantra - Mantra in Hinduism, Mantra - Mantra Japa, Mantra - Some Hindu mantras, Mantra - Lead me from Ignorance to Truth, Mantra - Hare Krishna Maha Mantra, Mantra - The shanti mantras, Mantra - Universal prayer, Mantra - Other examples, Mantra - The Hindu Bija Mantra, Mantra - Remarks, Mantra - What is Dharma?, Mantra - The Significance of the Symbol Om, Mantra - Mantras and Prayers, Mantra - Kirtan and Bhajan, Mantra - Vedic Conception of Sound, Mantra - Mantra in Buddhism, Mantra - Mantra in Shingon Buddhism, Mantra - Mantra in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Mantra - Om mani padme hum, Mantra - Some other mantras used by Tibetan Buddhists, Mantra - Mantra in other traditions or contexts

Read more here: » Mantra: Encyclopedia II - Mantra - Mantra in Buddhism

Latin honors are Latin phrases used to indicate the level of academic distinction with which an academic degree was earned. There are typically three types of Latin honors. In order of increasing level of honor, they are: cum laude ("with honor") magna cum laude ("with great honor") summa cum laude ("with highest honor") A fourth honor, honoris causa ("for the sake of honor") is used when a university bestows an honorary degree. These honors are awarded to those undergraduate and graduate students who have achieved academic distinctio ...

Including:

• Latin honors - Use of Latin honors around the world
• Latin honors - History of usage in the United States
• Latin honors - External link

Read more here: » Latin honors: Encyclopedia - Latin honors

By the 1960s and 1970s, as a consequence of its massive, international growth in the post-World War II era, the Church was no longer primarily a Utah-based church, but a world-wide organization. The church, mirroring the world around it, felt the disunifying strains of alien cultures and diverse points of view that had brought an end to the idealistic modern age. At the same time, the postmodern world was increasingly skeptical of traditional religion and authority, and driven by mass-media and public image. These influences awoke within the ...

See also:

History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Migration to Utah and Colonization of the West c. 1846 to c. 1856, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Brigham Young's early theocratic leadership, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The Church's attempt to restructure society on the fringes of the United States c. 1856 to c. 1890, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The Mormon Reformation, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Early political conflicts between Mormons and outsiders, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Brigham Young's later years, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Polygamy and the United States Mormon question, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The Church and the modern world c. 1890 to c. 1960, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The beginnings of Mormon involvement in and attention to national politics, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The effect of modernism on Mormon doctrine, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The beginnings of the Church bureaucracy, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The Church and Lamanites, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Reacting and Adapting to the Postmodern World c. 1960 and later, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Latter-day Saint ecumenism, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Emerging Multiculturalism, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Centralization of Church Structure, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Making Church Participation More Convenient, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Reacting to pluralism, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - The Church and the Information Age

Read more here: » History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: Encyclopedia II - History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - Reacting and Adapting to the Postmodern World c. 1960 and later

Star of David - Shape. The shape of the star is an example of the hexagram, a symbol which has significance for other belief systems. The hexagram pre-dates its use by Jews. Its most prevalent usage outside of Judaism was and is the occult. Some point out[citation needed] that the hexagram is a Mandala symbol found on Indian temples built almost 10,000 years ago. Allegedly, it symbolized the Nara/Narayana, a perfect meditative state of balance achieved between Man and God, and if maintained, results in "Moksha," or "Nirvana" (that is, release from the bounds of the ea ...

See also:

Star of David, Star of David - Origin, Star of David - Shape, Star of David - Shield form, Star of David - Shield with stars, Star of David - Used by Jews, Star of David - Used by Arabs and Muslims, Star of David - Used by the Nazis, Star of David - Other uses, Star of David - Heraldry, Star of David - Red Magen David, Star of David - Occurrence in Eastern Religions, Star of David - Theosophy, Star of David - Zion Christian Church, Star of David - Latter-day Saints Mormons, Star of David - Raelism, Star of David - Notes, Star of David - Footnotes

Read more here: » Star of David: Encyclopedia II - Star of David - Origin

Over the past few decades, the world has witnessed the dramatic growth of the Christian faith in South Korea. Almost a third of the population professed to be Christian in the year 2000, and Seoul, the capital, contained eleven of the world's twelve largest Christian congregations. The impact of Christianity on the Korean culture has been considerable, and is partly responsible for a steady decline in the membership and influence of Buddhism, Shamanism and Confucianism, which have traditionally had deep roots in Korean culture. South ...

Including:

• Christianity in Korea - Early failures: 1593-1784
• Christianity in Korea - Underpinnings of Christian growth
• Christianity in Korea - Academic sympathy—the Shilhak school
• Christianity in Korea - Lay leadership
• Christianity in Korea - Parallels in Korean tradition
• Christianity in Korea - Use of the Korean alphabet
• Christianity in Korea - Protestantism and the founding of modern educational institutions
• Christianity in Korea - Idenfication with Korean nationalism
• Christianity in Korea - The impact of Christianity on Korean society
• Christianity in Korea - Education and literacy
• Christianity in Korea - Economic effects
• Christianity in Korea - Social relationships
• Christianity in Korea - Minjung theology and the human rights struggle
• Christianity in Korea - Summary
• Christianity in Korea - Looking ahead
• Christianity in Korea - Sources
• Christianity in Korea - Numbered references
• Christianity in Korea - Bibliography

Read more here: » Christianity in Korea: Encyclopedia - Christianity in Korea

(all dates are for release) Alfred Hitchcock - Silent films. No. 13 (Unfinished, also known as Mrs. Peabody) (1922) Always Tell Your Wife (Uncredited) (1923) The Pleasure Garden (1925) The Mountain Eagle (1926) The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) Downhill (1927) Easy Virtue (1928), based on a Noel Coward play The Ring (1927), an original story by Hitchcock. The Farmer's ...

See also:

Alfred Hitchcock, Alfred Hitchcock - Biography, Alfred Hitchcock - Early life, Alfred Hitchcock - Pre-war British career, Alfred Hitchcock - Hollywood, Alfred Hitchcock - Peak years and decline, Alfred Hitchcock - Themes and devices, Alfred Hitchcock - His character and its effects on his films, Alfred Hitchcock - His style of working, Alfred Hitchcock - Awards, Alfred Hitchcock - Quotations, Alfred Hitchcock - Other notes, Alfred Hitchcock - Filmography, Alfred Hitchcock - Silent films, Alfred Hitchcock - Sound films, Alfred Hitchcock - Television episodes, Alfred Hitchcock - Frequent collaborators

Read more here: » Alfred Hitchcock: Encyclopedia II - Alfred Hitchcock - Filmography

The Greek word λόγος or logos is a word with various meanings. It is often translated into English as "Word" but can also mean thought, speech, reason, principle, standard, or logic among other things. It has varied use in the fields of philosophy, analytical psychology, rhetoric and religion. Logos - Use in ancient philosophy. In ancient philosophy, Logos was used by Heraclitus, one of the more eminent Pre-Socratic Greek philosophers, to describe human knowledge and the inherent order in ...

Including:

• Logos - Use in ancient philosophy
• Logos - Use in rhetoric
• Logos - Use in Christianity
• Logos - Similar concepts

Read more here: » Logos: Encyclopedia - Logos

Since its founding in 589 the Sui Dynasty had enjoyed but a precarious peace with its neighbor to the northeast, Goguryeo. Sui suspicions of Goguryeo ambitions seemed confirmed in 597 when the Goguryeo king launched raids across the Liao River (the traditional border with China). A Sui invasion of 597 in an attempt to chastise Goguryeo met in failure as the army and naval force was scattered by a typhoon. Neverthless, the campaign of 597 was enough to win from Goguryeo, fearful of further Sui attempts at conquest, a token submission to Sui. ...

See also:

Eulji Mundeok, Eulji Mundeok - The Battle of Salsu River

Read more here: » Eulji Mundeok: Encyclopedia II - Eulji Mundeok - The Battle of Salsu River

Quackery is the practice of promoting medicine which lacks evidence of effectiveness. The word derives from quacksalver, an archaic word originally of Dutch origin (spelled kwakzalver in contemporary Dutch), meaning "boaster who applies a salve." It is often difficult to distinguish between those who knowingly promote unproven medical therapies and those who are mistaken as to their effectiveness. In libel cases in US courts against people who accused others of being guilty of quackery, the co ...

Including:

• Quackery - History
• Quackery - Quackery today
• Quackery - Reasons quackery persists

Read more here: » Quackery: Encyclopedia - Quackery

Yoga is a family of ancient spiritual practices that originated in India, where it remains a vibrant living tradition and is seen as a means to enlightenment. Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Jnana Yoga, and Raja Yoga are considered the four main yogas, but there are many other types. In the West, yoga has become associated with the asanas (postures) of Hatha Yoga, which are popular as fitness exercises. Yoga as a means to enlightenment is central to Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism, and has influenced other religious and spiritual pr ...

Including:

• Yoga - Yoga practice and intention
• Yoga - The word yoga
• Yoga - Diversity of yoga
• Yoga - Yoga and religion
• Yoga - Common themes
• Yoga - Origins
• Yoga - Hindu yoga
• Yoga - Bhagavad Gita
• Yoga - Patanjali
• Yoga - God in Yoga philosophy
• Yoga - Hatha yoga
• Yoga - Natya yoga
• Yoga - Buddhist yoga
• Yoga - Yoga and tantra
• Yoga - Notable Yogis

Read more here: » Yoga: Encyclopedia - Yoga

It may be worth noting here that during the period when Korea was closed to foreigners there was an extremely high number of martyrdoms of Koreans who were helping Catholic missionaries.One of the most famous is Andrew Kim, who was beheaded at the age of 25. Christianity in Korea - Academic sympathy—the Shilhak school. Some scholars were, however, more sympathetic to Christianity. Members of the Shilhak (실학; "practical learning") school were greatly attracted to what they saw as the egalitarian value ...

See also:

Christianity in Korea, Christianity in Korea - Early failures: 1593-1784, Christianity in Korea - Underpinnings of Christian growth, Christianity in Korea - Academic sympathy—the Shilhak school, Christianity in Korea - Lay leadership, Christianity in Korea - Parallels in Korean tradition, Christianity in Korea - Use of the Korean alphabet, Christianity in Korea - Protestantism and the founding of modern educational institutions, Christianity in Korea - Idenfication with Korean nationalism, Christianity in Korea - The impact of Christianity on Korean society, Christianity in Korea - Education and literacy, Christianity in Korea - Economic effects, Christianity in Korea - Social relationships, Christianity in Korea - Minjung theology and the human rights struggle, Christianity in Korea - Summary, Christianity in Korea - Looking ahead, Christianity in Korea - Sources, Christianity in Korea - Numbered references, Christianity in Korea - Bibliography

Read more here: » Christianity in Korea: Encyclopedia II - Christianity in Korea - Underpinnings of Christian growth

The character of General Casey, played by Paul Winfield, in the 1996 film Mars Attacks! is widely regarded to have been based on Colin Powell.[11] [12] Powell underwent surgery in 2003 for prostate cancer and made a full recovery. Burke's Peerage speculated that General Colin Powell's great-great-great-grandmother was an illegitimate child of Sir Eyre Coote — the Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica — and an African slave. This would mean that he is descended from Edward I of Englan ...

See also:

Colin Powell, Colin Powell - Military career, Colin Powell - Dates of rank, Colin Powell - Awards and decorations, Colin Powell - Presidential appointments, Colin Powell - National Security Advisor, Colin Powell - Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Colin Powell - Civilian career, Colin Powell - Secretary of State, Colin Powell - Life after politics, Colin Powell - Political views, Colin Powell - Civilian awards, Colin Powell - Related information

Read more here: » Colin Powell: Encyclopedia II - Colin Powell - Related information

William Henry "Bill" Cosby, Jr., Ed.D (born July 12, 1937) is an American actor, comedian, educator, television producer and philanthropist. He was the first African-American man to star in his own television series (I Spy with Robert Culp, in the mid-1960s), and also broke racial boundaries with his stand-up comedy career in the 1960s and 1970s. After I Spy he starred in other series, some of which were successful (such as the long-running cartoon Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids), while others were not. In t ...

Including:

• Bill Cosby - Career
• Bill Cosby - Honors
• Bill Cosby - Political views
• Bill Cosby - The Pound Cake Speech
• Bill Cosby - Cosby and Jazz
• Bill Cosby - Controversy
• Bill Cosby - Quotations
• Bill Cosby - Partial discography
• Bill Cosby - Trivia

Read more here: » Bill Cosby: Encyclopedia - Bill Cosby

People have made drawings since prehistoric times. This art form first gained widespread popularity among European artists during the 1400's, when paper became generally available. Since that time, each century has produced artists who have created great drawings. Masters of drawing in the 1400's and 1500's included Leonardo da Vinci, Albrecht Dürer, Michelangelo, and Raphael. During the 1600's, Claude, Nicolas Poussin, Rembrandt, and Peter Paul Rubens created important drawings. In the 1700's, great drawings were produced by Jean-Ho ...

See also:

Drawing, Drawing - Definitions, Drawing - Subject matter, Drawing - Media, Drawing - Materials, Drawing - Aspects of the drawing process, Drawing - Applying media, Drawing - Tone, Drawing - Layout, Drawing - Perspective, Drawing - Artistry, Drawing - History, Drawing - Computer software, Drawing - Notable Draftsmen

Read more here: » Drawing: Encyclopedia II - Drawing - History

Bodhidharma (Sanskrit: बोधिधर्म Chinese 菩提達摩, pinyin Pútídámó or simply Dámó; Wade-Giles Tamo; Japanese ダルマ, Daruma, Vietnamese: Bồ-đề-đạt-ma, Korean: 보리달마, bo-ri-dal-ma), also known as the Tripitaka Dharma Master, was a semi-legendary Buddhist monk. Bodhidharma is traditionally held in Shaolin mythology to be the founder of the Chan school of Buddhism (known in Japan and the West as Zen), and the Shaolin school of Chinese martial arts ...

Including:

• Bodhidharma - Biography
• Bodhidharma - Biographical details from the Record of the Buddhist Monasteries of Luoyang 547 by Yang Xuanzhi
• Bodhidharma - Biographical details from the Biography of Bodhidharma by Tanlin
• Bodhidharma - Biographical details from the Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks 645 by Daoxuan
• Bodhidharma - Biographical details from the Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 952
• Bodhidharma - Spiritual approach
• Bodhidharma - Portrayals of Bodhidharma
• Bodhidharma - Legends