Maya civilization

Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Maya civilization

Archaeological evidence shows the Maya had started to build ceremonial architecture by approximately 1000 BCE. There is some disagreement about the boundaries which differentiate the physical and cultural extent of the early Maya and their neighboring Pre-Classic Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec culture of the Tabasco lowlands and the Mixe-Zoque– and Zapotec–speaking peoples of Chiapas and southern Oaxaca. Many of the earliest significant inscriptions and buildings appeared in thi ...

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Maya civilization - Writing and literacy

Maya civilization - Reference

Maya civilization: Encyclopedia II - Maya civilization - Decline of the Maya In the 8th and 9th centuries CE Classic Maya culture went into decline, with most of the cities of the central lowlands abandoned. Warfare, ecological depletion of croplands, and drought or some combination of those factors are usually suggested as reasons for the decline. There is archaeological evidence of warfare, famine, and revolt against the elite at various central lowlands sites. However, there i ...

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Maya calendar - Haab

Maya calendar - Wayeb

Maya calendar - Venus cycle

Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Classic Maya language

The Classic Maya language is the oldest historically attested member of the Maya language family. It is the main language documented in the Pre-Columbian inscriptions of the Classic Era Maya civilization. Classic Maya language - Relationships. Classic Maya is split into at least two dialects, Ch'olan and Yucatecan. These dialects eventually evolved into the contemporary up into the Chol language and the Yucatec Maya language. Modern Ch'ol and Yucatec speakers can understand many words in Classic Maya. < ...

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Maya mythology

Maya mythology refers to the pre-Columbian Maya civilization's extensive polytheistic religious beliefs. These beliefs had most likely been long-established by the time the earliest-known distinctively Maya monuments had been built and inscriptions depicting their deities recorded, considerably pre-dating the 1st millennium BC. Over the succeeding millennia this intricate and multi-faceted system of beliefs was extended, varying to a degree between regions and time periods, but maintaining also an inherited tradition and customary obs ...

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Maya mythology - Bacabs

Maya mythology - The First Humans

Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Mayan

The adjective Mayan is sometimes used to refer to the indigenous peoples of parts of Mexico and Central America, their culture, language, and history. More formally, the use of "Mayan" is restricted to referring to an aspect of their languages; "Maya" is the adjectival form preferred when referring to non-linguistic aspects. Relevant articles: Maya civilization - dealing with the historical pre-Columbian Maya civilization, culture, history and archaeology Maya peoples - collective designation for the vario

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Tzolkin

Tzolkin (or tzolk'in, in the revised orthography which is now preferred) is the name bestowed by Mayanist scholars upon the version of the 260-day Mesoamerican calendar which was used by the Maya civilization. The tzolk'in is the most fundamental and widely-attested of all the Maya calendars, and was a pre-eminent component in the society and rituals of the ancient Maya. The tzolk'in calendar remains in use amongst several ...

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Tzolkin - Tzolk'in table of named days

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Comalcalco

Comalcalco is a site of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization in what is now the state of Tabasco, Mexico. It is the only known major Maya site to be constructed of brick rather than stone. Comalcalco is also the name of the surrounding municipality. Other related archivesMaya civilization, Mexico, Pre-Columbian, Tabasco, brick

Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Jaina

Jaina can refer to: Jaina, Campeche, a site of the Maya civilization. Jaina Solo, a Star Wars Expanded Universe character. Jaina (Xindi), a Star Trek Enterprise character. Jain, a follower of Jainism. Jainism, an ancient classical religion of India. Jaina Proudmoore is a character in the Warcraft universe. Other related archivesExpanded Universe, Jain, Jaina Proudmoore, Jaina Solo, Jaina, Campeche, Jainism, Maya civilization, St

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Popol Vuh

The Popol Vuh (Quiché for "Council Book" or "Book of the Community"; Popol Wuj in modern spelling) is the book of scripture of the Quiché, a Kingdom of the Maya civilization in Guatemala. The name has been adopted by two European rock bands; see Popol Vuh (Norwegian band) (1970s) and Popol Vuh (German band) (1970–2002). Popol Vuh - Overview. The book begins with the Maya civilization's creation myth followed by the stories of the Maya Hero Twins Hunahpu (Junajpu) ...

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Cival

Cival is an archaeological site in the Petén department of Guatemala, formerly a major city of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization. The site flourished from about the 6th century BC through the 1st century, during the Maya Pre-Classic Period (see: Mesoamerican chronology). It may have had a peak population of some 10,000 people. The site is about 25 miles (40 km) east of Tikal, on a r ...

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Yucatán Peninsula

The Yucatán Peninsula separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico. It comprises the Mexican states of Yucatán, Quintana Roo and Campeche, the northern part of the nation of Belize, and Guatemala's northern territory of El Petén. The Yucatán peninsula roughly coincides with the zone of influence of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization. Indigenous Maya and Mestizos of partial Maya descent still make up a sizable portion of the region's popul ...

Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Kabah

The name Kabah can refer to: A Maya civilization city in Yucatán, Mexico; see: Kabah, Yucatán A Mexican pop music group; see: Kabah (band) See also. Kaaba, the holy building in Mecca, Saudi Arabia ...

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Chaac

Chaac (also rendered as Chaak or Chac) is an important deity in the pantheon of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization in Mesoamerica. In Maya mythology, Chaac was the god associated with rain and thunder, and was also significant in rites and observances associated with fertility and agriculture. Like some other Maya gods, Chaac was sometimes thought of as one god, and other times as 4 separate gods based in the four cardinal directions: "Chac Xib Chaac", Red Chaac of the East; "Sac Xib Chaac", White North Chaac; "Ek Xib Chaac" Black West Chaac", and ...

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Diego de Landa

Diego de Landa Calderón (1524 – 1579) was Bishop of Yucatán. De Landa was in charge of bringing the Roman Catholic faith to the Maya peoples after the Spanish conquest of Yucatán. He presided over a spiritual monopoly granted to the Catholic order of Franciscans by the Spanish crown, and worked dilligently to buttress the order's power while converting the indigenous Maya. He left future generations with a mixed legacy in his writings which contain much valuable information on pre-Columbian Maya civilization, and his actions which destroyed much of tha ...

Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Uxmal

Uxmal is a large Pre-Columbian ruined city of the Maya civilization in the state of Yucatán, Mexico. It is 78 km south of Mérida, Yucatán, or 110 km from that city on Highway 261 towards Campeche, Campeche), 15 km south-southeast of the town of Muna. Uxmal is pronounced "Oosh-mahl". The place name is Pre-Columbian and it is usually assumed to be an archaic Maya language phrase meaning "Built Three Times", although some scholars of the Maya language dispute this derivation. Uxmal - Ancient history.

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Maya civilization: Encyclopedia - Yo'okop

Yo'okop is the name of a ruined city that was part of the ancient Maya civilization. The city is located in central Quintana Roo, Mexico. The site was continuously inhabited from the Formative Period through the Terminal Classic. It had the largest urban center in the immediate area. Yo'okop has not been extensively studied, but an archaeological project has been based there for the past several years. Other related archivesFormative Period, Maya civilization, Mexico, Quintana Roo, ar

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