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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Mathura |  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the WestIn the direction of the West, the Greco-Buddhist syncretism may also have had some formative influence on the religions of the Mediterranean Basin.
Greco-Buddhism - Exchanges.
Intense westward physical exchange at that time along the Silk Road is confirmed by the Roman craze for silk from the 1st century BCE to the point that the Senate issued, in vain, several edicts to prohibit the wearing of silk, on economic and moral grounds. This is attested by at least three significant authors:
Strabo (64/ 63 BCE–c. 24 CE).
Seneca the Younger (c. ...
See also:Greco-Buddhism, Greco-Buddhism - Historical outline, Greco-Buddhism - Religious interactions, Greco-Buddhism - Alexander the Great in Bactria and India 331-325, Greco-Buddhism - The Mauryan empire 322–183 BCE, Greco-Buddhism - The Greek presence in Bactria 325 to 125 BCE, Greco-Buddhism - The Indo-Greek kingdom and Buddhism 180 BCE –10 CE, Greco-Buddhism - The Kushan empire 1st–3rd century CE, Greco-Buddhism - Artistic influences, Greco-Buddhism - The anthropomorphic representation of the Buddha, Greco-Buddhism - A Hellenized Buddhist pantheon, Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the rise of the Mahayana, Greco-Buddhism - Conceptual influences, Greco-Buddhism - Gandharan proselytism, Greco-Buddhism - Intellectual influences in Asia, Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the West, Greco-Buddhism - Exchanges, Greco-Buddhism - Religious influences, Greco-Buddhism - Notes Read more here: » Greco-Buddhism: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the West |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhism - Artistic influencesMain article: Greco-Buddhist art
Numerous works of Greco-Buddhist art display the intermixing of Greek and Buddhist influences, around such creation centers as Gandhara. The subject matter of Gandharan art was definitely Buddhist, while most motifs were of Western Asiatic or Hellenistic origin.
Greco-Buddhism - The anthropomorphic representation of the Buddha.
Although there is still some debate, the first anthropomorphic representations of the Buddha himself are often considered a result of ...
See also:Greco-Buddhism, Greco-Buddhism - Historical outline, Greco-Buddhism - Religious interactions, Greco-Buddhism - Alexander the Great in Bactria and India 331-325, Greco-Buddhism - The Mauryan empire 322–183 BCE, Greco-Buddhism - The Greek presence in Bactria 325 to 125 BCE, Greco-Buddhism - The Indo-Greek kingdom and Buddhism 180 BCE –10 CE, Greco-Buddhism - The Kushan empire 1st–3rd century CE, Greco-Buddhism - Artistic influences, Greco-Buddhism - The anthropomorphic representation of the Buddha, Greco-Buddhism - A Hellenized Buddhist pantheon, Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the rise of the Mahayana, Greco-Buddhism - Conceptual influences, Greco-Buddhism - Gandharan proselytism, Greco-Buddhism - Intellectual influences in Asia, Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the West, Greco-Buddhism - Exchanges, Greco-Buddhism - Religious influences, Greco-Buddhism - Notes Read more here: » Greco-Buddhism: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhism - Artistic influences |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia - Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh (Hindi: उत्तर प्रदेश, Urdu: اتر پردیش), also popularly known by its acronym UP, is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Union of India.
Uttar Pradesh covers a large part of the densely populated Gangetic plain. It shares an international border with Nepal and is bounded by the Indian states of Uttaranchal, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar. The administrative and legislative capital of Uttar Pradesh is Luc ...
Including:
Read more here: » Uttar Pradesh: Encyclopedia - Uttar Pradesh |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhism - Historical outlineThe interaction between Hellenistic Greece and Buddhism started when Alexander the Great conquered Asia Minor and Central Asia in 334 BCE, going as far as the Indus, thus establishing direct contact with India, the birthplace of Buddhism.
Alexander founded several cities in his new territories in the areas of the Oxus and Bactria, and Greek settlements further extended to the Khyber Pass, Gandhara (see Taxila) and the Punjab. These regions correspond to a unique geographical passageway between the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush mountains, through which most of the interaction between India and Central Asia took p ...
See also:Greco-Buddhism, Greco-Buddhism - Historical outline, Greco-Buddhism - Religious interactions, Greco-Buddhism - Alexander the Great in Bactria and India 331-325, Greco-Buddhism - The Mauryan empire 322–183 BCE, Greco-Buddhism - The Greek presence in Bactria 325 to 125 BCE, Greco-Buddhism - The Indo-Greek kingdom and Buddhism 180 BCE –10 CE, Greco-Buddhism - The Kushan empire 1st–3rd century CE, Greco-Buddhism - Artistic influences, Greco-Buddhism - The anthropomorphic representation of the Buddha, Greco-Buddhism - A Hellenized Buddhist pantheon, Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the rise of the Mahayana, Greco-Buddhism - Conceptual influences, Greco-Buddhism - Gandharan proselytism, Greco-Buddhism - Intellectual influences in Asia, Greco-Buddhism - Greco-Buddhism and the West, Greco-Buddhism - Exchanges, Greco-Buddhism - Religious influences, Greco-Buddhism - Notes Read more here: » Greco-Buddhism: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhism - Historical outline |
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| |  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Buddhism in Bangladesh - HistoryBangladesh (historical Bengal) has a unique place in the history of Buddhism, mainly for two reasons. Firstly, Bengal was the last stronghold of Indian Buddhism where it could survive as a socio-cultural force until the 12th century, despite its disappearance from other parts of the Indian subcontinent. Secondly, it is generally claimed that Bengal was the home of a form of Buddhism, namely, the Tantric Buddhism. Tantric Buddhism is a later development in Bengal and therefore it remains to be seen what specific factors are responsible for tu ...
See also:Buddhism in Bangladesh, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Demographic Overview, Buddhism in Bangladesh - History, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Early origins, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Post-Mauryan period, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Gupta dynasty, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Fa-hien's account, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Post-Gupta period, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Pala Dynasty, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Chandra Dynasty, Buddhism in Bangladesh - Decline and Revival Read more here: » Buddhism in Bangladesh: Encyclopedia II - Buddhism in Bangladesh - History |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Buddhist symbolism - Early aniconic symbolsAmong the earliest and most common symbols of Buddhism are the dharma wheel and the lotus flower. The dharma wheel, traditionally represented with eight spokes, can have a variety of meanings. It initially only meant royalty (concept of the "Monarch of the Wheel, or Chakravatin), but started to be used in a Buddhist context on the Pillars of Ashoka during the 3rd century BCE. The Dharma wheel is generally seen as referring to the historical process of teaching the buddhadharma; the eight spokes refer to the Noble Eightfold Path. The lotus, as well, can have several meanings, ...
See also:Buddhist symbolism, Buddhist symbolism - Early aniconic symbols, Buddhist symbolism - The 32 signs of a Great Man and 80 Secondary Characteristics, Buddhist symbolism - The Mudras, Buddhist symbolism - The eight auspicious symbols of Tibetan & Nepali Buddhism, Buddhist symbolism - International symbols of the World Fellowship of Buddhists Read more here: » Buddhist symbolism: Encyclopedia II - Buddhist symbolism - Early aniconic symbols |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Bagram - The Begram treasureBegram (Kapisa) became the summer capital of the Kushan Empire from the 1st century, their other capital being in Mathura in central India.
The emperor Kanishka started many new buildings there. The central palace building yielded a very rich treasure, dated from the time of emperor Kanishka in the 2nd century: ivory-plated stools of Indian origin, lacquered boxes from Han China, Greco-Roman glasses from Egypt and Syria, Hellenistic statues in the Pompean style, stuc moldings, and silverware ...
See also:Bagram, Bagram - Origins, Bagram - The Begram treasure, Bagram - Today Read more here: » Bagram: Encyclopedia II - Bagram - The Begram treasure |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Pakistan - HistoryRelated articles: History of Afghanistan, History of Iran, History of Tajikistan, History of South Asia, History of Central Asia, History of India.
As one of the cradles of human civilisation, the Pakistani region has long been at the crossroads of history. It was the birthplace of some of the most ancient civilisations and a strategic centre of historic trade routes, including the Silk Road. Pakistan was the site of much of the Indus Valley Civilisation and was subsequently occupied by many groups, including Dravidians, ...
See also:Pakistan, Pakistan - History, Pakistan - Ancient History, Pakistan - Arrival of Islam, Pakistan - British rule, Pakistan - Post-independence, Pakistan - Politics, Pakistan - Political history, Pakistan - Foreign relations, Pakistan - Provinces and Territories, Pakistan - Geography, Pakistan - Tourism, Pakistan - Economy, Pakistan - Demographics, Pakistan - Population Statistics, Pakistan - Religion, Pakistan - Languages, Pakistan - Ethnic groups, Pakistan - Society and culture, Pakistan - Roots, Pakistan - Media, Pakistan - Globalization, Pakistan - Mercantile culture Read more here: » Pakistan: Encyclopedia II - Pakistan - History |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Faridabad - OverviewFaridabad is a major industrial city and population centerin Haryana state, northern India. It is located in Faridabad District. the city was founded in 1607 by Shaikh Farid, treasurer of Jahangir, with the object of protecting the highway which passed through the town. Shaikh Farid built a fort, a tank and a mosque which are in ruins. Later, it becomes the headquarters of a pargana which was held in jagir by the Ballabgarh ruler. Faridabad became 12th district of Haryana State on 15th August, 1979. Faridabad is about 25 Kilometers fr ...
See also:Faridabad, Faridabad - Overview, Faridabad - Geography, Faridabad - History, Faridabad - People, Faridabad - Government & Administration, Faridabad - Economy, Faridabad - Agriculture, Faridabad - Manufacturing, Faridabad - Financial, Faridabad - Communications, Faridabad - Transportation, Faridabad - Education, Faridabad - Tourism & Recreation, Faridabad - Neighbours, Faridabad - Issues Read more here: » Faridabad: Encyclopedia II - Faridabad - Overview |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Shatrughna - The slaying of LavnasuraAlthough he plays a relatively minor role in the Ramayana, Shatrughna is important to the main story and goal of the epic. His chief exploit was the killing of Lavnasura, the demon King of Mathura, who was a nephew of Ravana, the King of Lanka who was slain by Rama.
Lavnasura was the son of Madhu, the pious demon-king after whom the city of Mathura is named. Madhu's wife and Lavanusara's mother was Kumbhini, a sister of Ravana.
Lavnasura was the holder of the divine Trishula (Trident) of Lord Shiva, and nobody is able to kil ...
See also:Shatrughna, Shatrughna - Birth and Family, Shatrughna - Rama's Exile, Shatrughna - The slaying of Lavnasura, Shatrughna - Retirement Read more here: » Shatrughna: Encyclopedia II - Shatrughna - The slaying of Lavnasura |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhist art - Greco-Buddhist artistic interactionAs soon as the Greeks invaded India to form the Indo-Greek kingdom, a fusion of Hellenistic and Buddhist elements started to appear, encouraged by the benevolence of the Greek kings towards Buddhism. This artistic trend then developed for several centuries and seemed to flourish further during the Kushan Empire from the first century CE.
Greco-Buddhist art - Artistic model.
Greco-Buddhist art depicts the life of the Buddha in a visual manner, probably by incorporating the real-l ...
See also:Greco-Buddhist art, Greco-Buddhist art - Hellenistic art in southern Asia, Greco-Buddhist art - Greco-Buddhist artistic interaction, Greco-Buddhist art - Artistic model, Greco-Buddhist art - Stylistic evolution, Greco-Buddhist art - Architecture, Greco-Buddhist art - The Buddha, Greco-Buddhist art - Gods and Bodhisattvas, Greco-Buddhist art - Cupids, Greco-Buddhist art - Devotees, Greco-Buddhist art - Fantastic animals, Greco-Buddhist art - The Kushan contribution, Greco-Buddhist art - Southern influences of Greco-Buddhist art, Greco-Buddhist art - The art of the Sunga, Greco-Buddhist art - The art of Mathura, Greco-Buddhist art - Art of the Gupta, Greco-Buddhist art - Greco-Buddhist art expansion in Central Asia, Greco-Buddhist art - Bactria, Greco-Buddhist art - Tarim Basin, Greco-Buddhist art - Greco-Buddhist influences in Eastern Asia, Greco-Buddhist art - China, Greco-Buddhist art - Japan, Greco-Buddhist art - Influences on South-East Asian art, Greco-Buddhist art - Cultural significance of Greco-Buddhist art, Greco-Buddhist art - Notes Read more here: » Greco-Buddhist art: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Buddhist art - Greco-Buddhist artistic interaction |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Taj Mahal - Decoration
Taj Mahal - Exterior decoration.
Nearly every surface of the entire complex has been decorated. The exterior decorations of the Taj are among the finest to be found in Mughal architecture of any period.
Once again, decoration motifs are repeated throughout the complex. As the surface area changes -- a large pishtaq has more area than a smaller -- the decorations are refined proportionally.
The decorative elements come in basically three categories:
Calligraphy
Abstract geometric elements
Vegatati ...
See also:Taj Mahal, Taj Mahal - Origin and inspiration, Taj Mahal - Influences on Taj Mahal design, Taj Mahal - Design elements, Taj Mahal - Features of the complex, Taj Mahal - The garden, Taj Mahal - Outlying buildings, Taj Mahal - The tomb, Taj Mahal - Decoration, Taj Mahal - Exterior decoration, Taj Mahal - Interior decoration, Taj Mahal - Construction, Taj Mahal - History, Taj Mahal - Legends and theories Read more here: » Taj Mahal: Encyclopedia II - Taj Mahal - Decoration |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - List of Indian monarchs - Puru-Bharata Dynasty c. 1600 BC - 1013 CE
List of Indian monarchs - Bharata Dynasty c. 1600-1400 BC.
Manu Vaivasvata (from c. 1600 BC)
Sudyumna
Yayati, great-grandson of Sudyumna
Dushyanta, father of Bharata
Bharata, son of Dushyanta, India's native name Bharatavarsha (Bharat) is named after him
Bhimanyu, son of Bharata
Sudas
Rsabha
Srestha ...
See also:List of Indian monarchs, List of Indian monarchs - Puru-Bharata Dynasty c. 1600 BC - 1013 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Bharata Dynasty c. 1600-1400 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Puru Dynasty c. 1400-1200 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Kuru Dynasty c. 1200-450 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Paurava Dynasty c. 450-316 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Janjua Shahi Dynasty 960-1013 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Magadhan Emperors c. 684 BC - 550 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Shishunaga Dynasty 684-424 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Shakya Dynasty c. 650-500 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Nanda Dynasty 424-321 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Maurya Dynasty 324-184 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Shunga Dynasty 185-73 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Gupta Dynasty c. 240-550 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Pandya Dynasty c. 550 BC - 2006 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Central Pandya Dynasty c. 550 BC - 1311 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Pandalam Dynasty 903-2006 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Persian Achaemenid Dynasty c. 538-330 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Macedonian Emperors 326-321 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Chera Dynasty c. 300 BC - 1314 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Ancient Chera Kings c. 300 BC - 397 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Kulashekhara Dynasty 825-1314 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Satavahana Dynasty c. 230 BC - 199 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Euthydemid Dynasty c. 221-85 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Chola Dynasty c. 100 BC - 1279 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Sangam Cholas c. 100 BC - 200 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Chola Emperors 848-1279 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Indo-Scythian Rulers c. 85 BC - 45 CE, List of Indian monarchs - North-western India c. 90 BC - 10 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Apracharaja Rulers 12 BC - 45 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Mathura area c. 20 BC - 20 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Minor local rulers, List of Indian monarchs - Indo-Parthian Rulers c. 21-100 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Kushana Dynasty 80-225, List of Indian monarchs - Pallava Dynasty 275-882, List of Indian monarchs - Early Pallavas 275-355, List of Indian monarchs - Middle Pallavas 355-537, List of Indian monarchs - Later Pallavas 537-882, List of Indian monarchs - Chalukya Dynasty 543-1156, List of Indian monarchs - Chalukyas of Badami 543-757, List of Indian monarchs - Chalukyas of Kalyana 973-1156, List of Indian monarchs - Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha 735-982, List of Indian monarchs - Shahi Dynasty c. 890-895, List of Indian monarchs - Brahmin Shahi Dynasty c. 890-960, List of Indian monarchs - Janjua Shahi Dynasty 960-1013, List of Indian monarchs - Hoysala Dynasty 1000-1346, List of Indian monarchs - Delhi Sultanate 1206-1526, List of Indian monarchs - Slave Dynasty 1206-1290, List of Indian monarchs - Khilji Dynasty 1290-1320, List of Indian monarchs - Tughlaq Dynasty 1321-1398, List of Indian monarchs - Sayyid Dynasty 1414-1451, List of Indian monarchs - Lodi Dynasty 1451-1526, List of Indian monarchs - Bahmani Sultanate 1322-1527, List of Indian monarchs - Vijayanagara Empire 1336-1660, List of Indian monarchs - Sangama Dynasty 1336-1487, List of Indian monarchs - Saluva Dynasty 1490-1567, List of Indian monarchs - Tuluva Dynasty 1542-1614, List of Indian monarchs - Mughals and Suris 1526-1857, List of Indian monarchs - Mughal Dynasty 1526-1540, List of Indian monarchs - Suri Dynasty 1540-1555, List of Indian monarchs - Mughal Dynasty Restored 1555-1857, List of Indian monarchs - Maratha Empire 1674-1818, List of Indian monarchs - Chhatrapatis at Satara, List of Indian monarchs - Chhatrapatis at Kolhapur, List of Indian monarchs - The Peshwas, List of Indian monarchs - Maharajas of Thanjavur, List of Indian monarchs - Scindia Rulers of Gwalior, List of Indian monarchs - The Nawabs 1707-1856, List of Indian monarchs - Nawabs of Bengal 1707-1770, List of Indian monarchs - Nawabs of Awadh 1722-1856, List of Indian monarchs - Nizams of Hyderabad 1724-1948, List of Indian monarchs - Rulers of Mysore 1399-1950, List of Indian monarchs - Wodeyar Dynasty 1399-1782, List of Indian monarchs - Islamic Rulers of Mysore 1766-1799, List of Indian monarchs - Wodeyar Dynasty Restored 1799-1950, List of Indian monarchs - British Emperors of India 1877-1947 Read more here: » List of Indian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - List of Indian monarchs - Puru-Bharata Dynasty c. 1600 BC - 1013 CE |
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| |  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Yadav - MythologyAccording to Hindu mythology, Yadavas are descendants from Yadu, one of the five Aryan clans mentioned in the Rig Veda. Prominenet among the ancient Yadavas include:
Vasudeva, father of Krishna
Krishna
Kunti, sister of Vasudeva and mother of Pandavas and Karna
Kamsa, a tyrannical king of Mathura, who was killed by Krishna
Ugrasen, father of Kamsa
The legend further states that Jarasandh, Kamsa’s father-in-law, and king of Magadha attacked Yadavas to avenge the killing of Kamsa. Yadavas had to shift there capital from Mathura (central India) to Dwaraka (on the western ...
See also:Yadav, Yadav - Mythology, Yadav - Manusmriti on Ahirs, Yadav - Introduction, Yadav - General profile, Yadav - Major Yadav clans, Yadav - Scythian origin, Yadav - Famous Yadavs Read more here: » Yadav: Encyclopedia II - Yadav - Mythology |
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| | |  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - Menander I - Menander and Buddhism
Menander I - The Milinda Pañha.
According to tradition, Menander embraced the Buddhist faith, as described in the Milinda Pañha, a classical Pali Buddhist text on the discussions between Milinda and the Buddhist sage Nāgasena. He is described as constantly accompanied by a guard of 500 Greek ("Yonaka") soldiers, and two of his counsellors are named Demetrius and Antiochus. See also:Menander I, Menander I - A renowned Indo-Greek king, Menander I - Menander and Buddhism, Menander I - The Milinda Pañha, Menander I - Other Indian accounts, Menander I - Menander the Just King of the Dharma, Menander I - The question of Menander's change of title, Menander I - Menander's death, Menander I - Succession, Menander I - Legacy, Menander I - Buddhism, Menander I - Representation of the Buddha, Menander I - Geography, Menander I - Notes Read more here: » Menander I: Encyclopedia II - Menander I - Menander and Buddhism |
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|  |  |  | Mathura: Encyclopedia II - List of Indian monarchs - Puru-Bharata Dynasty c. 1600 BC - 1013 CE
List of Indian monarchs - Bharata Dynasty c. 1600-1400 BC.
Manu Vaivasvata (from c. 1600 BC)
Sudyumna
Yayati, great-grandson of Sudyumna
Dushyanta, father of Bharata
Bharata, son of Dushyanta, India's native name Bharatavarsha (Bharat) is named after him
Bhimanyu, son of Bharata
Sudas
Rsabha
Srestha ...
See also:List of Indian monarchs, List of Indian monarchs - Puru-Bharata Dynasty c. 1600 BC - 1013 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Bharata Dynasty c. 1600-1400 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Puru Dynasty c. 1400-1200 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Kuru Dynasty c. 1200-450 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Paurava Dynasty c. 450-316 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Janjua Shahi Dynasty 960-1013 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Magadhan Emperors c. 684 BC - 550 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Shishunaga Dynasty 684-424 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Shakya Dynasty c. 650-500 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Nanda Dynasty 424-321 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Maurya Dynasty 324-184 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Shunga Dynasty 185-73 BC, List of Indian monarchs - Gupta Dynasty c. 240-550 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Pandya Dynasty c. 550 BC - Present, List of Indian monarchs - Central Pandya Dynasty c. 550 BC - 1311 CE, List of Indian monarchs - Pandalam Dynasty 903 - Present, List of Indian monarchs - Persian Achaemenid Dynasty c. 538-330 BC, |
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