materialism (materialistic): The doctrine that matter is the only reality, that all life, thought and feelings are but the effects of movements of matter, and that there exist no worlds but the physical. Materialists usually hold that there is no God - a cosmic, material, prime mover perhaps, but no personal God. An Indian school of thought which propounded this view was the Charvaka.

See: atheism, Charvaka, nastika, worldly.

(See also: materialism (materialistic, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

nastika: (Sanskrit) "One who denies; unbeliever." Opposite of astika, "one who asserts."

The terms astika (orthodox) and nastika (unorthodox) are a traditional classification of Indian schools of thought. Nastika refers to all traditions that reject and deny the scriptural authority of the Vedas. This includes Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism, the Charvaka materialists and others. Astika refers to those schools that accept the revealed authority of the Vedas as supreme scripture. This includes the four major sects: Saivism, Shaktism, Vaishnavism and Smartism.

See: atheism, Charvaka, materialism.

(See also: Nastika, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

Charvaka carvaka (Sanskrit) A rakshasa (demon) who in the Mahabharata was a friend of Duryodhana, chief of the Kurus, and hence an enemy of the Pandavas.

When, at the conclusion of the great battle in which the Kurus were defeated, King Yudhishthira entered Hastinapura in triumph, Charvaka assumed the form of a Brahmin and reviled the king. Yudhishthira's Brahmins discovered the imposture and reduced Charvaka to ashes with the fire of their eyes, "i.e., magnetically by means of what is called in Occultism the 'black glance' or evil eye" (TG 79).

Also a materialistic philosopher whose doctrines are said to be imbodied in the Barhaspatya-sutras; a "denier of all but matter, who if he could come back to life, would put shame to all the 'Free thinkers' and 'Agnostics' of the day. He lived before the Ramayanic period, but his teachings and school have survived to this day, and he has even now followers, who are mostly to be found in Bengal" (ibid.).

(See also: Charvaka, carvaka, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Nastika is a Sanskrit term meaning: One who denies; unbeliever. It is the antonym of astika, or one who asserts. The meanings can be generalised respectively into unorthodox and orthodox. The terms astika and nastika are a traditional classification of Indian schools of thought. Nastika refers to all traditions that reject and deny the scriptural authority of the Vedas. This includes Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism, the Charvaka materialists and others. Astika refers to those schools that accept the revealed authority of the Vedas as supreme scripture. This includes the four major sects ...

Read more here: » Nastika: Encyclopedia - Nastika

Samkhya Nyaya Vaisheshika Yoga Purva Mimamsa Advaita Vedanta Vishishtadvaita Dvaita Carvaka Jain Buddhist Logic Carvaka, also frequently transliterated as Charvaka, and also known as Lokayata, is a thoroughly materialistic and atheistic school of thought with ancient roots in India. Carvaka - Destruction of ...

Including:

• Carvaka - Destruction of Original Works
• Carvaka - Madhavacharya and Carvaka System
• Carvaka - Some Quotes attributed to Carvaka from Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha
• Carvaka - Brihaspati and Lokayata
• Carvaka - Hinduism Buddhism & Jainism vs. Lokayata
• Carvaka - Abul Fazl on Lokayata
• Carvaka - Lokayata on the role of Women
• Carvaka - Notes
• Carvaka - Bibliography

Read more here: » Carvaka: Encyclopedia - Carvaka

The orthodox systems of philosophy believe in the authority of the Vedas. The heterodox systems of philosophy do not believe in the authority of the Vedas.

Excerpt from All About Hinduism by Sri Swami Sivananda

Read more here: » Orthodox And Heterodox Systems: Vedic Philosophy - The Orthodox And The Heterodox Systems Of Indian Philosophy

A clear understanding of mans relation to God is a matter of momentous importance to students of philosophy and to all aspirants. Philosophers, prophets, saints, sages, thinkers, Acharyas and great religious leaders of the world have tried to explain the relation of man to God and the universe. Various schools of philosophy and different kinds of religious beliefs have come into existence, on account of various explanations given by different philosophers.

Excerpt from All About Hinduism by Sri Swami Sivananda

Read more here: » Hindu Philosophy: Hindu Philosophy and its Various Schools and Systems

Brahmanism, popularly known as Hinduism, developed its ritual, worship and philosophy from Aryan scriptures; the Vedas. Over the years this civilization, culture and tradition were trickled down to the lower caste of the social hierarchy of the Hindu society through puranas as well as Ithihasas like Ramayana and Mahabharata. Brahmanism considers Brahmin caste as hereditary creators, preservers and propagators of religion. A Brahmin (less often Brahman) is a person born in the priestly Brahmin caste. The word is related to but not to be confused with religious conception of the t ...

Including:

• Brahmanism - Theology
• Brahmanism - Pantheism
• Brahmanism - Caste
• Brahmanism - Sub castes
• Brahmanism - Maharashtrian sub-castes:
• Brahmanism - South Indian brahmin sub-castes:
• Brahmanism - The four stages of life
• Brahmanism - Sacramental rites
• Brahmanism - Vegetarianism
• Brahmanism - Moksha
• Brahmanism - Evolution of Brahminism
• Brahmanism - Brahmin Supremacy
• Brahmanism - Trimurti
• Brahmanism - Challenge To Brahmin Supremacy and Caste System
• Brahmanism - Buddhism
• Brahmanism - Charvaka
• Brahmanism - B.R. Ambedkar
• Brahmanism - Famous Brahmins

Read more here: » Brahmanism: Encyclopedia - Brahmanism

Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of god(s). That is, all who do not have such a belief - whether they think of themselves as nontheists, agnostics or even Buddhists - are covered under this term. Atheism can also be defined more narrowly as the active denial of the existence of god(s), either of a specific or general kind, or even that god(s) can exist. Generally speaking, atheism refers to a la ...

Including:

• Atheism - Etymology
• Atheism - Types and typologies of atheism
• Atheism - Atheism as lack of theism
• Atheism - Atheism as immorality
• Atheism - Weak and strong atheism
• Atheism - Ignosticism
• Atheism - Gnostic and agnostic atheism
• Atheism - Atheism in philosophical naturalism
• Atheism - Antitheism
• Atheism - History
• Atheism - Distribution of atheists
• Atheism - Atheism in the United Kingdom
• Atheism - Atheism in the United States
• Atheism - Atheism studies and statistics
• Atheism - Statistical problems
• Atheism - Religion and atheism
• Atheism - Spiritual and religious atheism
• Atheism - Judaism
• Atheism - Christianity
• Atheism - Islam
• Atheism - Asian spirituality
• Atheism - Reasons for atheism
• Atheism - Philosophical reasons
• Atheism - Personal and social reasons
• Atheism - Three famous atheists: Freud Marx and Nietzsche
• Atheism - Criticisms of atheism
• Atheism - Atheism is incoherent
• Atheism - Atheism doesn't exist
• Atheism - Atheism leads to poor morals and ethics
• Atheism - Atheism is a belief as much as theism is
• Atheism - Related concepts
• Atheism - Organizations
• Atheism - Satire

Read more here: » Atheism: Encyclopedia - Atheism

Charvaka:

The founder of the well-known materialistic school of Hindu philosophy.

(See also: Charvaka, Sanskrit Dictionary, Body Mind and Soul)

It is said that the Hindu sage Brihaspati, the preceptor of the Vedic gods, founded and preached the Lokayata thought, though this involves a number of contradictions with Hindu scriptures which would aver otherwise. In all likelihood, Brihaspati was another philosopher of the same name. Ancient texts like Brhati, a commentary on Saabarbhaashya, Sarvadarsanasangraha, etc, mention Brihaspati as ...

See also:

Carvaka, Carvaka - Destruction of Original Works, Carvaka - Madhavacharya and Carvaka System, Carvaka - Some Quotes attributed to Carvaka from Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha, Carvaka - Brihaspati and Lokayata, Carvaka - Hinduism Buddhism & Jainism vs. Lokayata, Carvaka - Abul Fazl on Lokayata, Carvaka - Lokayata on the role of Women, Carvaka - Notes, Carvaka - Bibliography

Read more here: » Carvaka: Encyclopedia II - Carvaka - Brihaspati and Lokayata

Madhavacharya, the 14th century Vedantic philosopher from South India, for instance, starts his famous work The Sarva-darsana-sangraha with a chapter on the Carvaka system with the intention of refuting it. After invoking, in the Prologue of the book, the brahminical gods Siva and Vishnu, ("by whom the earth and rest were produced"), Madhavacharya asks, in the first chapter, ...but how can we attribute to the Divine Being the giving of supreme felicity, when such a notion has been utterly abolished by Charvaka, the ...

See also:

Carvaka, Carvaka - Destruction of Original Works, Carvaka - Madhavacharya and Carvaka System, Carvaka - Some Quotes attributed to Carvaka from Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha, Carvaka - Brihaspati and Lokayata, Carvaka - Hinduism Buddhism & Jainism vs. Lokayata, Carvaka - Abul Fazl on Lokayata, Carvaka - Lokayata on the role of Women, Carvaka - Notes, Carvaka - Bibliography

Read more here: » Carvaka: Encyclopedia II - Carvaka - Madhavacharya and Carvaka System

Brahmanism - Buddhism. Such a man arose in the person of a prince of Kapilavastu, Siddhārtha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism (about the 6th century BC). Had it only been for the philosophical tenets of Buddha, they need scarcely have caused, and probably did not cause, any great uneasiness to the orthodox theologians. He did, indeed, go one step beyond Kapila, by altogether denying the existence of the soul as a substance, and admitting only ...

See also:

Brahmanism, Brahmanism - Theology, Brahmanism - Pantheism, Brahmanism - Caste, Brahmanism - Sub castes, Brahmanism - Maharashtrian sub-castes:, Brahmanism - South Indian brahmin sub-castes:, Brahmanism - The four stages of life, Brahmanism - Sacramental rites, Brahmanism - Vegetarianism, Brahmanism - Moksha, Brahmanism - Evolution of Brahminism, Brahmanism - Brahmin Supremacy, Brahmanism - Trimurti, Brahmanism - Challenge To Brahmin Supremacy and Caste System, Brahmanism - Buddhism, Brahmanism - Charvaka, Brahmanism - B.R. Ambedkar, Brahmanism - Famous Brahmins

Read more here: » Brahmanism: Encyclopedia II - Brahmanism - Challenge To Brahmin Supremacy and Caste System

A dictionary from A-J of most common spiritual words in Hinduism. Also see these links: Hinduism, Spirituality, Enlightenment, Spiritual Dictionary and Hinduism Dictionary.

Atheism - Spiritual and religious atheism. Although atheistic beliefs are often accompanied by a total lack of supernatural beliefs, this is not an aspect, or even a necessary consequence, of atheism. Indeed, there are many atheists who are not irreligious or secular. These are most common in spiritualities like Buddhism and Taoism, but they also exist in sects of religions that are usually very theistic by nature, such as Christi ...

See also:

Atheism, Atheism - Etymology, Atheism - Types and typologies of atheism, Atheism - Atheism as lack of theism, Atheism - Atheism as immorality, Atheism - Weak and strong atheism, Atheism - Ignosticism, Atheism - Gnostic and agnostic atheism, Atheism - Atheism in philosophical naturalism, Atheism - Antitheism, Atheism - History, Atheism - Distribution of atheists, Atheism - Atheism in the United Kingdom, Atheism - Atheism in the United States, Atheism - Atheism studies and statistics, Atheism - Statistical problems, Atheism - Religion and atheism, Atheism - Spiritual and religious atheism, Atheism - Judaism, Atheism - Christianity, Atheism - Islam, Atheism - Asian spirituality, Atheism - Reasons for atheism, Atheism - Philosophical reasons, Atheism - Personal and social reasons, Atheism - Three famous atheists: Freud Marx and Nietzsche, Atheism - Criticisms of atheism, Atheism - Atheism is incoherent, Atheism - Atheism doesn't exist, Atheism - Atheism leads to poor morals and ethics, Atheism - Atheism is a belief as much as theism is, Atheism - Related concepts, Atheism - Organizations, Atheism - Satire

Read more here: » Atheism: Encyclopedia II - Atheism - Religion and atheism

Sanskrit dictionary. From Advaita to Yoga.

Please note that all words in grey, like "enlightenment" or "kundalini" are hyperlinked to archives further explaining the term. At the corresponding archive you will also find articles related to the term.

A spiritual dictionary of the 280 most common words in Hinduism. Also see these links: Hinduism, Spirituality, Enlightenment, Spiritual Dictionary and Hinduism Dictionary.

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