Explosives are classified as low or high explosives according to their rates of decomposition. Low explosives burn rapidly (or deflagrate). High explosives undergo detonation. There is no sharp line of demarcation between low and high explosives, due to the difficulties inherent in precisely observing and measuring rapid decomposition. The chemical decomposition of an explosive may take years, days, hours, or a fraction of a second. The slower forms of decomposition take place in storage and are of interest only from a stability standpoint. ...

See also:

Explosive material, Explosive material - Chemical explosives, Explosive material - Explosive compatibility groupings, Explosive material - Low Explosives, Explosive material - High Explosives, Explosive material - Composition of the material, Explosive material - Chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Formation of gases, Explosive material - Evolution of heat, Explosive material - Rapidity of reaction, Explosive material - Initiation of reaction, Explosive material - Sensitiser, Explosive material - Military explosives, Explosive material - Availability and cost, Explosive material - Sensitivity, Explosive material - Stability, Explosive material - Power, Explosive material - Brisance, Explosive material - Density, Explosive material - Volatility, Explosive material - Hygroscopicity, Explosive material - Toxicity, Explosive material - Measurement of chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Oxygen balance OB%, Explosive material - Heat of explosion, Explosive material - Balancing chemical explosion equations, Explosive material - Volume of products of explosion, Explosive material - Explosive strength, Explosive material - Example of thermochemical calculations

Read more here: » Explosive material: Encyclopedia II - Explosive material - Chemical explosives

A chemical explosive is a compound or mixture which, upon the application of heat or shock, decomposes or rearranges with extreme rapidity, yielding much gas and heat. Many substances not ordinarily classed as explosives may do one, or even two, of these things. For example, a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen can be made to react with great rapidity and yield the gaseous product nitric oxide; yet the mixture is not an explosive since it does not evolve heat, but rather absorbs heat. N2 + O2 → ...

See also:

Explosive material, Explosive material - Chemical explosives, Explosive material - Explosive compatibility groupings, Explosive material - Low Explosives, Explosive material - High Explosives, Explosive material - Composition of the material, Explosive material - Chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Formation of gases, Explosive material - Evolution of heat, Explosive material - Rapidity of reaction, Explosive material - Initiation of reaction, Explosive material - Sensitiser, Explosive material - Military explosives, Explosive material - Availability and cost, Explosive material - Sensitivity, Explosive material - Stability, Explosive material - Power, Explosive material - Brisance, Explosive material - Density, Explosive material - Volatility, Explosive material - Hygroscopicity, Explosive material - Toxicity, Explosive material - Measurement of chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Oxygen balance OB%, Explosive material - Heat of explosion, Explosive material - Balancing chemical explosion equations, Explosive material - Volume of products of explosion, Explosive material - Explosive strength, Explosive material - Example of thermochemical calculations

Read more here: » Explosive material: Encyclopedia II - Explosive material - Chemical explosive reaction

To determine the suitability of an explosive substance for military use, its physical properties must first be investigated. The usefulness of a military explosive can only be appreciated when these properties and the factors affecting them are fully understood. Many explosives have been studied in past years to determine their suitability for military use and most have been found wanting. Several of those found acceptable have displayed certain characteristics that are considered undesirable and, therefore, limit their usefulness in militar ...

See also:

Explosive material, Explosive material - Chemical explosives, Explosive material - Explosive compatibility groupings, Explosive material - Low Explosives, Explosive material - High Explosives, Explosive material - Composition of the material, Explosive material - Chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Formation of gases, Explosive material - Evolution of heat, Explosive material - Rapidity of reaction, Explosive material - Initiation of reaction, Explosive material - Sensitiser, Explosive material - Military explosives, Explosive material - Availability and cost, Explosive material - Sensitivity, Explosive material - Stability, Explosive material - Power, Explosive material - Brisance, Explosive material - Density, Explosive material - Volatility, Explosive material - Hygroscopicity, Explosive material - Toxicity, Explosive material - Measurement of chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Oxygen balance OB%, Explosive material - Heat of explosion, Explosive material - Balancing chemical explosion equations, Explosive material - Volume of products of explosion, Explosive material - Explosive strength, Explosive material - Example of thermochemical calculations

Read more here: » Explosive material: Encyclopedia II - Explosive material - Military explosives

Explosives are classified as low or high explosives according to their rates of decomposition: low explosives burn rapidly (or deflagrate), while high explosives undergo detonation. No sharp distinction exists between low and high explosives, because of the difficulties inherent in precisely observing and measuring rapid decomposition. The chemical decomposition of an explosive may take years, days, hours, or a fraction of a second. The slower processes of decomposition take place in storage and are of interest only from a stability standpoi ...

See also:

Explosive material, Explosive material - Chemical explosives, Explosive material - Explosive compatibility groupings, Explosive material - Low Explosives, Explosive material - High Explosives, Explosive material - Composition of the material, Explosive material - Chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Formation of gases, Explosive material - Evolution of heat, Explosive material - Rapidity of reaction, Explosive material - Initiation of reaction, Explosive material - Sensitiser, Explosive material - Military explosives, Explosive material - Availability and cost, Explosive material - Sensitivity, Explosive material - Stability, Explosive material - Power, Explosive material - Brisance, Explosive material - Density, Explosive material - Volatility, Explosive material - Hygroscopicity, Explosive material - Toxicity, Explosive material - Measurement of chemical explosive reaction, Explosive material - Oxygen balance OB%, Explosive material - Heat of explosion, Explosive material - Balancing chemical explosion equations, Explosive material - Volume of products of explosion, Explosive material - Explosive strength, Explosive material - Example of thermochemical calculations

Read more here: » Explosive material: Encyclopedia II - Explosive material - Chemical explosives

GLARE is currently (2004) the most successful FML, patented by Akzo Nobel in 1987 and now entering commercial application on the Airbus A380, which is currently in flight testing. The patent cites as inventors Roebroeks and Vogelesang, two former professors at the aerospace engineering faculty of Delft University of Technology, where much of the R&D for GLARE was done in the 1970s and 1980s. The fruition of FML development marks the end of a long history of research starting in 1945 at Fokker, where earlier bonding experience at DeHavilland inspired investigation into the improved properties of bonded aluminium l ...

See also:

Glare material, Glare material - History

Read more here: » Glare material: Encyclopedia II - Glare material - History

Ultimate strength is an attribute directly related to a material, rather than just specific specimen of the material, and as such is quoted force per unit of cross section area (N / m2). For example, Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of mild steel is 470MegaN / m2. It is useful to remember that 1P< ...

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Strength of materials, Strength of materials - Definitions, Strength of materials - Stress terms, Strength of materials - Strength terms, Strength of materials - Strain - deformation terms, Strength of materials - Stress - strain relations, Strength of materials - Design terms, Strength of materials - Suggested reading

Read more here: » Strength of materials: Encyclopedia II - Strength of materials - Design terms

http://marxmyths.org/jordan/article.htm Gustav A. Wetter, Dialectical Materialism: a Historical and Systematic Survey of Philosophy in the Soviet Union. (alternative survey) Loren R. Graham, Science Philosophy and Human Behavior in the Soviet Union. (sympathetically-critical of dialectical materialism) George Novack, Understanding History: Marxist Essays (Trotskyist interpretations of problems of history) http://www.marxists.org/archive/novack/index.htm H. B. Acton, The Illusion of th ...

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Historical materialism, Historical materialism - Development of the materialist outlook, Historical materialism - Disclaimers, Historical materialism - Historical materialism as doctrine, Historical materialism - Criticisms, Historical materialism - Marxist beliefs about history, Historical materialism - Alienation and freedom, Historical materialism - Marx and Wakefield, Historical materialism - A revision of historical materialism?, Historical materialism - Commentaries on different aspects of historical and dialectical materialism, Historical materialism - Note

Read more here: » Historical materialism: Encyclopedia II - Historical materialism - Commentaries on different aspects of historical and dialectical materialism

Note that some practitioners often consider rheology a sub-field of materials science, because it can cover any material that flows. However, modern rheology typically deals with non-Newtonian fluid dynamics, so it is often consider a sub-field of continuum mechanics. See also granular material. Surface science --- interactions and structures between solid-gas solid-liquid or solid-solid interfaces. Ceramics, which can be subdivided into: electronic materials such as complex oxides, structural ceramics ...

See also:

Materials science, Materials science - Classes of materials by bond types, Materials science - Sub-fields of materials science, Materials science - Topics that form the basis of materials science, Materials science - A non-exhaustive list of some materials science research institutions and facilities

Read more here: » Materials science: Encyclopedia II - Materials science - Sub-fields of materials science

Note that some practitioners often consider rheology a sub-field of materials science, because it can cover any material that flows. However, modern rheology typically deals with non-Newtonian fluid dynamics, so it is often consider a sub-field of continuum mechanics. See also granular material. Surface science --- interactions and structures between solid-gas solid-liquid or solid-solid interfaces. Ceramics, which can be subdivided into: electronic materials such as complex oxides, structural ceramics ...

See also:

Materials science, Materials science - Classes of materials by bond types, Materials science - Sub-fields of materials science, Materials science - Topics that form the basis of materials science, Materials science - A short list of non-academic materials facilities

Read more here: » Materials science: Encyclopedia II - Materials science - Sub-fields of materials science

A Christian theological definition of Materialism according to CARM - The Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry:

"

Materialism

See also: Materialism, Christianity, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Materialism Dictionary

Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its previous shape after stress is released. In some materials, the relation between applied stress and the resulting strain is directly proportional (up to a certain limit), and a graph representing those two quantities is a straight line. Hooke's law describes such relationships and is valuable in the study of springs. (see Solid mechanics). In other materials, the relation is not linear at all. In steel, the most common material for making springs, most of the elastic range is linear, though the relation becomes non-linear at the ...

See also:

Strength of materials, Strength of materials - Definitions, Strength of materials - Stress terms, Strength of materials - Strength terms, Strength of materials - Strain - deformation terms, Strength of materials - Stress - strain relations, Strength of materials - Design terms, Strength of materials - Suggested reading

Read more here: » Strength of materials: Encyclopedia II - Strength of materials - Stress - strain relations

Body piercing materials - Wood. Wood is among the oldest materials for body piercing jewelry, and jewelry in general. It is still a very common material for plugs and other things. Wooden pieces tend to keep warm in cold conditions, they are lightweight, they often stay in place better than other plugs and also they allow the body to "breathe" so the piercing is less likely to smell as it might with other materials. The downside of wood as a piercing jewelry is its abundance of pores that suck up bo ...

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Body piercing materials, Body piercing materials - Metals, Body piercing materials - Surgical steel, Body piercing materials - Implantatium, Body piercing materials - Titanium, Body piercing materials - Blackline, Body piercing materials - Zircon Gold / Zircontwo, Body piercing materials - Niobium, Body piercing materials - Bronze, Body piercing materials - Silver, Body piercing materials - Gold, Body piercing materials - Glass, Body piercing materials - Plastics, Body piercing materials - PTFE, Body piercing materials - Acrylic plexiglas, Body piercing materials - Plastastic, Body piercing materials - Gems, Body piercing materials - Materials of biological origin, Body piercing materials - Wood, Body piercing materials - Animalic, Body piercing materials - Amber, Body piercing materials - Sources

Read more here: » Body piercing materials: Encyclopedia II - Body piercing materials - Materials of biological origin

materialization

1. Translation of chemical, electronic, and auric fields of a person or object. 2. Translation from one frequency vibration to another

(See also: Materialization, Body Mind and Soul)

Marx and Friedrich Engels first developed their outlook on the dynamics of history as young men, in a series of early critiques of the idealist philosophers of their age, including The Holy Family, The Poverty of Philosophy, the 1844 Paris Manuscipts, The Condition of the Working Class in England, but more especially The German Ideology and the Theses on Feuerbach. An ex ...

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Historical materialism, Historical materialism - Development of the materialist outlook, Historical materialism - Disclaimers, Historical materialism - Historical materialism as doctrine, Historical materialism - Criticisms, Historical materialism - Marxist beliefs about history, Historical materialism - Alienation and freedom, Historical materialism - Marx and Wakefield, Historical materialism - A revision of historical materialism?, Historical materialism - Commentaries on different aspects of historical and dialectical materialism, Historical materialism - Note

Read more here: » Historical materialism: Encyclopedia II - Historical materialism - Development of the materialist outlook

Lake deposited parent material is called lacustrine parent material. Beach ridges may be present where glacial lakes once washed up sand. ...

See also:

Parent material, Parent material - Residual, Parent material - Water transported, Parent material - Climate and weathering

Read more here: » Parent material: Encyclopedia II - Parent material - Water transported

If Maxwell material is suddenly deformed to strain of ε0 and is kept under this deformation, then the stresses would exponentially decay: σ(t) = Eε0exp( − λt), where t is time and the rate of relaxation The picture shows dependence of dimensionless stress upon dimensionless time λt: If we would free the material at time t1, then the ela ...

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Maxwell material, Maxwell material - Definition, Maxwell material - Effect of a sudden deformation, Maxwell material - Effect of a sudden stress, Maxwell material - Dynamic modulus

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If a Maxwell material is suddenly subjected to a stress σ0, then the elastic element would suddenly deform and the viscous element would deform with a constant rate: If at some time t1 we would release the material, then the deformation of the elastic element would be the spring-back deformation and the deformation of the viscous element would spring back: If even a small stress is applied for a sufficiently long time, then the irreversible stre ...

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Maxwell material, Maxwell material - Definition, Maxwell material - Effect of a sudden deformation, Maxwell material - Effect of a sudden stress, Maxwell material - Dynamic modulus

Read more here: » Maxwell material: Encyclopedia II - Maxwell material - Effect of a sudden stress

material cause: Upadana karana.

The substance of creation, maya, Siva's "mirific energy." In Saivism, material cause, maya, is threefold: shuddha ("pure") maya, shuddhashuddha ("pure-impure") maya and ashuddha ("impure") maya. Shuddha maya, or bindu, is the material cause of the causal plane. Shuddhashuddha maya is the material cause of the subtle plane. Ashuddhamaya (or Prakriti) is the material cause of the gross plane.

See: cause, maya, tattva.

(See also: Material cause, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

In Das Kapital, Marx took from Edward Gibbon Wakefield's work the example of an emigré to Australia, to illustrate the concept of relations of production: "...Wakefield discovered that in the Colonies, property in money, means of subsistence, machines, and other means of production, does not as yet stamp a man as a capitalist if there be wanting the correlative — the wage-worker, the other man who is compelled to sell himself of his own free-will. He discovered that capital is not a thing, but a social relation between persons, est ...

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Historical materialism, Historical materialism - Development of the materialist outlook, Historical materialism - Disclaimers, Historical materialism - Historical materialism as doctrine, Historical materialism - Criticisms, Historical materialism - Marxist beliefs about history, Historical materialism - Alienation and freedom, Historical materialism - Marx and Wakefield, Historical materialism - A revision of historical materialism?, Historical materialism - Commentaries on different aspects of historical and dialectical materialism, Historical materialism - Note

Read more here: » Historical materialism: Encyclopedia II - Historical materialism - Marx and Wakefield

The ampacity of a conductor, that is, the amount of current it can carry, is related to its electrical resistance: a lower-resistance conductor can carry more current. The resistance, in turn, is determined by the material the conductor is made from (as described above) and the conductor's size. For a given material, conductors with a larger cross-sectional area have less resistance than conductors with a smaller cross-sectional area. For bare conductors, the ultimate limit is the point at which power lost to resistance causes the con ...

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Conductor material, Conductor material - Power engineering, Conductor material - Conductor size, Conductor material - Conductor materials, Conductor material - Conductor voltage, Conductor material - Conductor ampacity

Read more here: » Conductor material: Encyclopedia II - Conductor material - Conductor ampacity

Historically, most attention has focused on situations that require more than 104 cycles to failure where stress is low and deformation primarily elastic. Fatigue material - The S-N curve. In high-cycle fatigue situations, materials performance is commonly characterised by an S-N curve, also known as a Wöhler curve. This is a graph of the magnitude of a cyclical stress (S) against the cycles ...

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Fatigue material, Fatigue material - Characteristics of fatigue failures, Fatigue material - Timeline of fatigue history, Fatigue material - High-cycle fatigue, Fatigue material - The S-N curve, Fatigue material - Probabilistic nature of fatigue, Fatigue material - Complex loadings, Fatigue material - Miner's rule, Fatigue material - Low-cycle fatigue, Fatigue material - Fatigue and fracture mechanics, Fatigue material - Factors that affect fatigue-life, Fatigue material - Design against fatigue, Fatigue material - Famous fatigue failures, Fatigue material - Versailles accident, Fatigue material - De Havilland Comet, Fatigue material - Others

Read more here: » Fatigue material: Encyclopedia II - Fatigue material - High-cycle fatigue

Body piercing materials - Surgical steel. Surgical steel, also know as 316L and Implant steel is a steel alloy with a bad reputation. The reputation comes from the fact that the EU prohibits materials with a high nickel percentage in new piercings. 316L has a rather high percentage, around 10-14%, but despite this, it is allergy-safe. This is due to the fact that the nickel is so tightly bound in the material, that the leakage of nickel is below the threshold value set up by the EU. However, ...

See also:

Body piercing materials, Body piercing materials - Metals, Body piercing materials - Surgical steel, Body piercing materials - Implantatium, Body piercing materials - Titanium, Body piercing materials - Blackline, Body piercing materials - Zircon Gold / Zircontwo, Body piercing materials - Niobium, Body piercing materials - Bronze, Body piercing materials - Silver, Body piercing materials - Gold, Body piercing materials - Glass, Body piercing materials - Plastics, Body piercing materials - PTFE, Body piercing materials - Acrylic plexiglas, Body piercing materials - Plastastic, Body piercing materials - Gems, Body piercing materials - Materials of biological origin, Body piercing materials - Wood, Body piercing materials - Animalic, Body piercing materials - Amber, Body piercing materials - Sources

Read more here: » Body piercing materials: Encyclopedia II - Body piercing materials - Metals