Material Force (ch'I, chi, qi or ki): Neo-Confucian term used by writers such as Chu Hsi who see it as a metaphysical principal in contrast with structural form (li).

 (See also: Material Force, Eastern Philosophy, Body Mind and Soul)

See also:

Electromagnet, Electromagnet - Introduction, Electromagnet - Electromagnets and permanent magnets, Electromagnet - Devices that use electromagnets, Electromagnet - Force on ferromagnetic materials

Read more here: » Electromagnet: Encyclopedia II - Electromagnet - Force on ferromagnetic materials

Magnetized items interact with other items in very specific ways. Magnet - Magnets and other magnets. If a magnet is brought close enough to another magnet, their fields will begin to interact in the following ways: If each magnets north pole is brought together, the magnets will repel one another (like poles repel) If the north pole of one magnet is brought to the south pole of the other magnet (or vice versa), the magnets will attract one another (opposite poles attract) Magnet - M ...

See also:

Magnet, Magnet - Introduction, Magnet - Physical origin of magnetism, Magnet - Permanent magnets, Magnet - Electromagnets, Magnet - Characteristics of magnetic materials, Magnet - Permanent magnets and dipoles, Magnet - North/south pole designation and the Earth's magnetic field, Magnet - Common uses for magnets, Magnet - How to magnetize materials, Magnet - How to demagnetize materials, Magnet - Types of permanent magnets, Magnet - Magnetic forces, Magnet - Magnets and other magnets, Magnet - Magnets and ferromagnetic materials, Magnet - Magnets and diamagnetic materials, Magnet - Magnets and paramagnetic materials, Magnet - Calculating the magnetic force, Magnet - Online references, Magnet - Printed references, Magnet - External articles

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A magnet is an object that has a magnetic field. The word magnet comes from the Greek "magnítis líthos" (μαγνήτης λίθος), which means "magnesian stone". Magnesia is an area in Greece (Now Manisa, Turkey) where deposits of magnetite have been discovered since antiquity. Magnet - Introduction. In the modern sense, a magnet is any material that has a magnetic field. It can be in the form of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. Permanent magnets do not rely upon outside in ...

Including:

• Magnet - Introduction
• Magnet - Physical origin of magnetism
• Magnet - Permanent Magnets
• Magnet - Electromagnets
• Magnet - Characteristics of magnetic materials
• Magnet - Permanent magnets and dipoles
• Magnet - North/south pole designation and the Earth's magnetic field
• Magnet - Common uses for magnets
• Magnet - How to magnetize materials
• Magnet - How to demagnetize materials
• Magnet - Types of permanent magnets
• Magnet - Magnetic forces
• Magnet - Magnets and other magnets
• Magnet - Magnets and ferromagnetic materials
• Magnet - Magnets and diamagnetic materials
• Magnet - Magnets and paramagnetic materials
• Magnet - Calculating the magnetic force
• Magnet - Online references
• Magnet - Printed references
• Magnet - External articles

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Nature (also called the material world, the material universe, the natural world, and the natural universe) is all matter and energy, especially in its essential form. Nature is the subject of scientific study, and the history of the concept is linked to the history of science. The English word derives from a Latin term, natura, which was in turn a translation of a Greek term, physis (φύσις). Natura is related to the Latin words relating to "birth", while physis relates to Greek words relating to "grow ...

Including:

• Nature - Scientific divisions of Nature
• Nature - Nature outside Earth and its atmosphere
• Nature - Life
• Nature - Chemicals
• Nature - Matter and force
• Nature - Earth
• Nature - Philosophy of Nature
• Nature - Metaphysics
• Nature - The natural and the artificial
• Nature - Beauty in Nature
• Nature - Related concepts

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Compressive strength is the capacity of a material to withstand axially directed pushing forces. When the limit of compressive strength is reached, materials are crushed. Concrete can be made to have high compressive strength. Compare tensile strength. See also. Buckling Compression Compressive stress Deformation Strength of materials Category: Materials science ...

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In material science, the coercivity, also called the coercive force, of a ferromagnetic material is the intensity of the magnetic field required to reduce the magnetization of that material to zero after the magnetization of the sample has reached saturation. Coercivity is usually measured in oersteds. Other related archivesferromagnetic material, magnetic field, oersteds, saturation

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In physics, magnetism is one of the phenomena by which materials exert an attractive or repulsive force on other materials. Magnetism - Magnetic materials. Some well known materials that exhibit easily detectable magnetic properties are iron, some steels, and the mineral lodestone; however, all materials are influenced to one degree or another by the presence of a magnetic field, although in most cases the influence is too small to detect without special equipment.

In science and engineering, conductors are materials that contain movable charges of electricity. When an electric potential difference is impressed across separate points on a conductor, the mobile charges within the conductor are forced to move, and an electric current between those points appears in accordance with Ohm's law. While many conductors are metallic, there are many non-metallic conduc ...

Including:

• Conductor material - Power engineering
• Conductor material - Conductor size
• Conductor material - Conductor materials
• Conductor material - Conductor voltage
• Conductor material - Conductor ampacity

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In physics, a magnetic field is an entity produced by moving electric charges (electric currents) that exerts a force on other moving charges. (The quantum-mechanical spin of a particle produces magnetic fields and is acted on by them as though it were a current; this accounts for the fields produced by "permanent" ferromagnets.) A magnetic field is a vector field: it associates with every point in space a (pseudo-)vector that may vary in time. The direction of the field is the equilibrium direction of a compass needle placed in the f ...

Including:

• Magnetic field - Symbols and terminology
• Magnetic field - Definition
• Magnetic field - Current loop
• Magnetic field - Point charge generating magnetic field
• Magnetic field - Vector calculus
• Magnetic field - Energy in the magnetic field
• Magnetic field - Properties
• Magnetic field - Magnetic field lines
• Magnetic field - Pole labeling confusions
• Magnetic field - Rotating magnetic fields
• Magnetic field - External articles

Read more here: » Magnetic field: Encyclopedia - Magnetic field

A chisel is a tool for carving and/or cutting a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal. A chisel, typically made of hardened or tempered steel, or more rarely, common steel, consists of a sharpened end (called the blade) attached to a straight handle. The handle and blade of some types of chisels are made in one piece. In use, a worker forces the chisel into the material to cut the material. The driving force may be manually applied or applied using a mallet or hammer. In industrial use, a hydraulic ram or falling weight ('triphammer') d ...

Including:

• Chisel - Types
• Chisel - Woodworking chisels
• Chisel - Metalworking chisels
• Chisel - Stone chisels

Read more here: » Chisel: Encyclopedia - Chisel

An accretion disc (or accretion disk) is a structure formed by material falling into a gravitational source. Conservation of angular momentum requires that, as a large cloud of material collapses inward, any small rotation it may have will increase. Centrifugal force causes the rotating cloud to collapse into a disc, and tidal effects will tend to align this disc's rotation with the rotation of the gravitational source in the middle. Viscosity within the disc generates heat and saps orbital momentum, causing material in the dis ...

Including:

• Accretion disc - Overview
• Accretion disc - α-Disc Model
• Accretion disc - Magneto-Rotational Instability

Read more here: » Accretion disc: Encyclopedia - Accretion disc

Camouflage is the method which allows an otherwise visible organism or object to remain indiscernible from the surrounding environment. Examples include a tiger's stripes and the battledress of a modern soldier. Camouflage is a form of deception. The word camouflage comes from the French word 'camoufler' meaning 'to disguise'. Camouflage - Natural camouflage. In nature, there is a strong evolutionary pressure for animals to blend into their environment or conceal their shape; for prey animals to avoid preda ...

Including:

• Camouflage - Natural camouflage
• Camouflage - Military camouflage
• Camouflage - Ship camouflage
• Camouflage - Theory of camouflage

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A pair of shears is any scissors-type tool of relatively large size. Like scissors, shears combine slightly offset jaws to cut material through physical shear, and combine this with levers to apply a considerable shear force. Shears are usually intended for cutting much heavier material than scissors though. pinking shears - for cutting cloth with an edge which will not fray pruning shears - for cutting light tree branches grass shears - for trimming grass tin snips - for cutting l

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Ultrahard fullerite (C60) is a form of carbon found to be harder than diamond, and which can be used to create even harder materials, such as aggregated diamond nanorods. Specifically, it is a unique version of fullerene with three-dimensional polymer bonds. This should not be confused with P-SWNT fullerite, even though that material is also a polymerized version of fullerene. It has been shown 1 2 that ultrahard fullerite when testing diamond hardness with a scanning force microscope of specific construction can scr ...

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In Maritime and Aircraft terms, distress is defined as: Grave and Imminent Danger to Life Person Vessel or Aircraft Requiring Immediate Assistance In medicine, distress is stress (medicine) caused by adverse events. Distress is a novel by Greg Egan Distress is also used by Search and Rescue services to describe targets in adverse or critical conditions. Distress can also refer to the process whereby materials are worn down by time and natural forces (the ...

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The Zangger Committee, also known as the Nuclear Exporters Committee, sprang from Article III.2 of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) which entered into force on March 5, 1970. Under the terms of Article III.2 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards must be applied to nuclear exports. Each State Party to the Treaty undertakes not to provide: (a) source or special fissionable material, or (b) equipment or material especially designed or prepared for the processing, use or produ ...

Including:

• Zangger Committee - Reference

Read more here: » Zangger Committee: Encyclopedia - Zangger Committee

A crag (sometimes spelled cragg, or in Scotland craig) is a rocky hill or mountain, generally isolated from other high ground. Crags are formed when a glacier or ice-sheet passes over an area that contains a particularly resilient chunk of rock (often a granite plug or some volcanic structure). The force of the glacier erodes the surrounding softer material, leaving the rocky block standing proud from the surrounding terrain. Frequently the crag serves as a partial shelter to softer material in the wake of the glacier, which remains as a gradual fan or ridge forming a tapered ramp (call ...

Read more here: » Crag and tail: Encyclopedia - Crag and tail

A beam is a structural element that carries load primarily in bending (flexure). Beams generally carry vertical gravitational forces but can also be used to carry horizontal loads (i.e. loads due to a gust of wind or an earthquake). The loads carried by a beam are transferred to columns, walls or girders, which in turn transfer the force to adjacent structural members. Beams are characterized by their profile (the shape of their cross-section), their length, and their material. In contemporary construction, beams are typically ...

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In supramolecular chemistry, an aromatic interaction (or π-π interaction) is a noncovalent interaction between organic compounds containing aromatic moieties. π-π interactions are caused by intermolecular overlapping of p-orbitals in π-conjugated systems, so they become stronger as the number of π-electrons increases. Other noncovalent interactions include hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ch ...

Including:

• Aromatic interaction - Uses in Materials

Read more here: » Aromatic interaction: Encyclopedia - Aromatic interaction