Marrano

The Portuguese hated the Marranos much more than the Jews, considering them neither Christians nor Jews, but atheists and heretics. Many Portuguese preferred death to being treated by a Marrano physician. The hatred which was felt for the Marranos, and which had long smoldered, broke out at Lisbon. On April 17, 1506, several Marranos were discovered who had in their possession "some lambs and poultry prepared according to Jewish custom; also unleavened bread and bitter herbs according to the regulations for the Passover, which festival they ...

See also:

Marrano, Marrano - Types of Marranos, Marrano - Temporary Marranos, Marrano - In Spain, Marrano - Riots at Córdoba, Marrano - Introduction of Inquisition, Marrano - In Portugal, Marrano - Massacre at Lisbon, Marrano - Dispersion, Marrano - In France, Marrano - In Flanders

Read more here: » Marrano: Encyclopedia II - Marrano - Massacre at Lisbon

Burgher is the name of a Eurasian people and, less commonly, a Creole language based on Portuguese. In Sri Lanka the term is used to identify people of this community. English is the mother tongue of the Burghers of Sri Lanka. See Portuguese Creole. For the most part, the Burgher people of Sri Lanka are the Eurasian descendents of Portuguese, Dutch and British colonists from the 16th to 20th centuries. Burghers were legally defined by law in 1883, by the then Chief Justice of Ceylon, Sir Richard Ottley, given before the Commission which was appointed in connection with ...

Including:

• Burgher people - History
• Burgher people - Culture
• Burgher people - Famous Burghers

Read more here: » Burgher people: Encyclopedia - Burgher people

Converso (Spanish and Portuguese for "a convert", from Latin conversus, "converted, turned around") and its feminine form conversa referred to Jews or Muslims or the descendants of Jews or Muslims who had converted, sometimes unwillingly, to Catholicism in Spain and Portugal, particularly during the 1300s and 1400s. See the main articles: Morisco for New Christians of Moorish origin. Marrano for New Christians of Jewish origin. The term marrano is especially used to refer to Crypto-Jews, i.e. those who ...

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Jew - Usage note. Some uses of the term "Jew" are tainted by historic anti-Jewish bigotry. The correct adjectival form is "Jewish"; the use of "Jew" as an adjective (as in "Jew lawyer" rather than "Jewish lawyer") is associated with bigotry. The use of "Jew" or "jew" as a verb (as in "to jew someone down": to bargain for a lower price) is generally seen as an extremely offensive expression based on stereotypes. Even when used in a grammatically correct manner as a noun, the term "Jew" can objectify a ...

Including:

• Jew - Usage note
• Jew - Etymology
• Jew - Who is a Jew?
• Jew - Jewish culture
• Jew - Ethnic divisions
• Jew - Population
• Jew - Significant geographic populations
• Jew - State of Israel
• Jew - Diaspora outside Israel
• Jew - Population changes: Assimilation
• Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews
• Jew - Population changes: Growth
• Jew - Jewish languages
• Jew - History of the Jews
• Jew - Jews and migrations
• Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah
• Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule
• Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora
• Jew - Middle Ages: Europe
• Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa
• Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation
• Jew - Zionism and immigration
• Jew - The Holocaust
• Jew - Israel
• Jew - Persecution
• Jew - Jewish leadership
• Jew - Famous Jews
• Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia - Jew

The Spanish Inquisition was the Inquisition acting in Spain under the control of the Kings of Spain. This Inquisition was the result of the reconquest of Spain from the Muslims and the policy of trying to convert Spanish Jews and Muslims to Christianity. The Inquisition was an important tool in enforcing the limpieza de sangre ("cleanliness of blood") against descendants of converted Jews or Muslims. Spanish Inquisition - Context. In the 15th century, Spain was not a single state but a confederation ...

Including:

• Spanish Inquisition - Context
• Spanish Inquisition - Origin
• Spanish Inquisition - The Inquisition and the expulsion of the Jews
• Spanish Inquisition - Operation of the Inquistion
• Spanish Inquisition - Torture techniques used
• Spanish Inquisition - Death tolls
• Spanish Inquisition - The Spanish Inquisition in the arts

Read more here: » Spanish Inquisition: Encyclopedia - Spanish Inquisition

Jew - Jews and migrations. Throughout Jewish history, Jews have repeatedly been directly or indirectly expelled from both their original homeland, and the areas in which they have resided. This experience as both immigrants and emigrants (see: Jewish refugees) have shaped Jewish identity and religious practice in many ways. An incomplete list of such migrations includes: The patriarch Abraham was a migrant to the land of Canaan from Ur of the Chaldees. The Children of Israel experienced the ...

See also:

Jew, Jew - Historical background, Jew - Usage note, Jew - Etymology, Jew - Who is a Jew?, Jew - Jewish culture, Jew - Ethnic divisions, Jew - Population, Jew - Significant geographic populations, Jew - State of Israel, Jew - Diaspora outside Israel, Jew - Population changes: Assimilation, Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews, Jew - Population changes: Growth, Jew - Jewish languages, Jew - History of the Jews, Jew - Jews and migrations, Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah, Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule, Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora, Jew - Middle Ages: Europe, Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa, Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation, Jew - Zionism and immigration, Jew - The Holocaust, Jew - Israel, Jew - Persecution, Jew - Jewish leadership, Jew - Famous Jews, Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia II - Jew - History of the Jews

With the victory of Tariq ibn Ziyad in 711, the lives of the Sephardim changed dramatically. In spite of the stigma attached to being dhimmis (non-Moslem members of monotheistic faiths) under Moslem rule, the coming of the Moors was by-and-large welcomed by the Jews of Iberia. Both Moslem and Christian sources tell us that Jews provided valuable aid to the invaders. Once captured, the defense of Cordoba was left in the hands of Jews, and Granada, Málaga, Seville, and Toledo were left to a mixed army of Jews and Moors. The Chro ...

See also:

History of the Jews in Spain, History of the Jews in Spain - Early History Before 300 CE, History of the Jews in Spain - Under the Visigoths 5th Century-711, History of the Jews in Spain - Moorish Spain and the Golden Age 711-12th Century, History of the Jews in Spain - Christian Spain 974-1300, History of the Jews in Spain - Early Rule 974-1085, History of the Jews in Spain - Toleration and Jewish immigration 1085-1212, History of the Jews in Spain - Turning point 1212-1300, History of the Jews in Spain - The Jewish community in 1300, History of the Jews in Spain - Official persecution and massacres 1300-1391, History of the Jews in Spain - Massacres of 1366., History of the Jews in Spain - Anti-Jewish Enactments, History of the Jews in Spain - The Massacre of 1391, History of the Jews in Spain - Forced Conversions and the New Christians 1391-1492, History of the Jews in Spain - Forced conversions, History of the Jews in Spain - Hatred of the New Christians, History of the Jews in Spain - Edict of Expulsion, History of the Jews in Spain - Number of the Exiles, History of the Jews in Spain - Marranos 1492-1858, History of the Jews in Spain - Modern times 1858-, History of the Jews in Spain - Spain and Israel, History of the Jews in Spain - Modern Jewish community, History of the Jews in Spain - External link

Read more here: » History of the Jews in Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of the Jews in Spain - Moorish Spain and the Golden Age 711-12th Century

Jew - Jews and migrations. Throughout Jewish history, Jews have repeatedly been directly or indirectly expelled from both their original homeland, and the areas in which they have resided. This experience as both immigrants and emigrants (see: Jewish refugees) have shaped Jewish identity and religious practice in many ways. An incomplete list of such migrations includes: The patriarch Abraham was a migrant to the land of Canaan from Ur of the Chaldees. The Children of Israel experienced the ...

See also:

Jew, Jew - Usage note, Jew - Etymology, Jew - Who is a Jew?, Jew - Jewish culture, Jew - Ethnic divisions, Jew - Population, Jew - Significant geographic populations, Jew - State of Israel, Jew - Diaspora outside Israel, Jew - Population changes: Assimilation, Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews, Jew - Population changes: Growth, Jew - Jewish languages, Jew - History of the Jews, Jew - Jews and migrations, Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah, Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule, Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora, Jew - Middle Ages: Europe, Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa, Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation, Jew - Zionism and immigration, Jew - The Holocaust, Jew - Israel, Jew - Persecution, Jew - Jewish leadership, Jew - Famous Jews, Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia II - Jew - History of the Jews

Hugo Pratt - Early years. Born in Rimini in Romagna to Rolando Pratt and Evelina Genero, Hugo Pratt spent all his childhood in Venice in a very cosmopolitan family environment. His paternal grandfather Joseph was of English origin, while his maternal grandfather was a Marrano Jew and his grandmother was of Turkish origin. He was also related to the actor Boris Karloff, whose real name was William Henry Pratt. In 1937, Hugo Pratt moved with his mother to Abyssinia (Ethiopia), joining his father working there after ...

See also:

Hugo Pratt, Hugo Pratt - Biography, Hugo Pratt - Early years, Hugo Pratt - Argentinian years, Hugo Pratt - Return to Italy and the creation of Corto Maltese, Hugo Pratt - Main works

Read more here: » Hugo Pratt: Encyclopedia II - Hugo Pratt - Biography

The Italian city states, especially Genoa, Pisa, and Venice, had been interested in the islands of the Aegean long before the Fourth Crusade. There were Italian trading colonies in Constantinople and Italian pirates frequently attacked settlements in the Aegean in the 12th century. After the collapse of the Byzantine Empire in 1204, in which the Venetians played a major role, Venetian interests in the Aegean could be more thoroughly realized. The Duchy of the Archipelago was created in 1207 by Marco Sanudo, a participant in the Crusad ...

See also:

Duchy of the Archipelago, Duchy of the Archipelago - Background and foundation, Duchy of the Archipelago - Administration and economics, Duchy of the Archipelago - Later history, Duchy of the Archipelago - Collapse and Ottoman conquest, Duchy of the Archipelago - Other Venetian territories in the Aegean, Duchy of the Archipelago - Dukes of the Archipelago, Duchy of the Archipelago - Sanudo dynasty, Duchy of the Archipelago - Crispo dynasty, Duchy of the Archipelago - Pretenders of the Duchy of the Archipelago Naxos Islands

Read more here: » Duchy of the Archipelago: Encyclopedia II - Duchy of the Archipelago - Background and foundation

Minnesotan accent, where vowels are usually elongated. Minoplis (Dominican Republic) Very dark-skinned Dominicans or all Haitians, deriving from the expression "me no, please", refering to the beg for life of a person who's going to be executed (derives probably from the English punch-line of a joke, whose origin might have been during the U.S. intervention of the D.R. in 1916-1924). Mingita  (U.K.) Lesbian Indian/Muslim young woman, used offensively. From "minge" (female pubic hair ...

See also:

List of ethnic slurs, List of ethnic slurs - 0–9, List of ethnic slurs - A, List of ethnic slurs - B, List of ethnic slurs - C, List of ethnic slurs - D, List of ethnic slurs - E, List of ethnic slurs - F, List of ethnic slurs - G, List of ethnic slurs - H, List of ethnic slurs - I, List of ethnic slurs - J, List of ethnic slurs - K, List of ethnic slurs - L, List of ethnic slurs - M, List of ethnic slurs - N, List of ethnic slurs - O, List of ethnic slurs - P, List of ethnic slurs - Q, List of ethnic slurs - R, List of ethnic slurs - S, List of ethnic slurs - T, List of ethnic slurs - U, List of ethnic slurs - V, List of ethnic slurs - W, List of ethnic slurs - X, List of ethnic slurs - Y, List of ethnic slurs - Z

Read more here: » List of ethnic slurs: Encyclopedia II - List of ethnic slurs - M

The Portuguese arrived in what was then known by outsiders as Ceylon, in 1505. Since there were no women in the Portuguese navy, the Portuguese sailors married local Sinhalese women. This practice of intermarriage with local people was encouraged by the Portuguese, not only in Ceylon, but also in other Portuguese colonies, such as Macau in China and Malacca in Malaysia. Their mestiço children were often called 'micos' (a corruption ...

See also:

Burgher people, Burgher people - History, Burgher people - Culture, Burgher people - Famous Burghers

Read more here: » Burgher people: Encyclopedia II - Burgher people - History

With the victory of Tariq ibn Ziyad in 711, the lives of the Sephardim changed dramatically. In spite of the stigma attached to being dhimmis (non-Moslem members of monotheistic faiths) under Moslem rule, the coming of the Moors was by-and-large welcomed by the Jews of Iberia. Both Moslem and Christian sources tell us that Jews provided valuable aid to the invaders. Once captured, the defense of Cordoba was left in the hands of Jews, and Granada, Málaga, Seville, and Toledo were left to a mixed army of Jews and Moors. The Chro ...

See also:

History of the Jews in Spain, History of the Jews in Spain - Early History Before 300 CE, History of the Jews in Spain - Under the Visigoths 5th Century-711, History of the Jews in Spain - Moorish Spain and the Golden Age 711-12th Century, History of the Jews in Spain - Christian Spain 974-1300, History of the Jews in Spain - Early Rule 974-1085, History of the Jews in Spain - Toleration and Jewish immigration 1085-1212, History of the Jews in Spain - Turning point 1212-1300, History of the Jews in Spain - The Jewish community in 1300, History of the Jews in Spain - Official persecution and massacres 1300-1391, History of the Jews in Spain - Massacres of 1366., History of the Jews in Spain - Anti-Jewish Enactments, History of the Jews in Spain - The Massacre of 1391, History of the Jews in Spain - Forced Conversions and the New Christians 1391-1492, History of the Jews in Spain - Forced conversions, History of the Jews in Spain - Hatred of the New Christians, History of the Jews in Spain - Edict of Expulsion, History of the Jews in Spain - Number of the Exiles, History of the Jews in Spain - Marranos 1492-1858, History of the Jews in Spain - Modern times 1858-, History of the Jews in Spain - External link

Read more here: » History of the Jews in Spain: Encyclopedia II - History of the Jews in Spain - Moorish Spain and the Golden Age 711-12th Century

The Aragonese Ferdinand was not above using religion as a means of controlling his people. He wanted the Jewish and Muslim religions wiped out in his domains, and the Inquisition was his method for achieving that. A related explanation is that Spain, having been historically an area with regions with disparate traditions as well as disparate ethnic groups, needed a common religion-Catholicism-to serve as a point(and perhaps THE point)of unity. Also, many historians believe the Spanish Inquisition was instituted as a way of weakening Ferdinan ...

See also:

Spanish Inquisition, Spanish Inquisition - Context, Spanish Inquisition - Origin, Spanish Inquisition - The Inquisition and the expulsion of the Jews, Spanish Inquisition - Operation of the Inquistion, Spanish Inquisition - Torture techniques used, Spanish Inquisition - Death tolls, Spanish Inquisition - The Spanish Inquisition in the arts

Read more here: » Spanish Inquisition: Encyclopedia II - Spanish Inquisition - Origin

Uriel was born in Oporto with the name Gabriel da Costa. He hailed from a Marrano family that had converted from Judaism to Catholicism in order to avoid the civil persecutions of the Jews. A member of a devoutly religious family, his father had been a Catholic priest who was well-versed in canon law. Uriel da Costa also occupied an ecclesiastical office. While a student of canon law, he began to read the Bible and contemplate it seriously. He was aware that his family had Jewish origins, and in the course of his studies, he be ...

See also:

Uriel da Costa, Uriel da Costa - Life, Uriel da Costa - Writings, Uriel da Costa - Gutzkow's Uriel Acosta

Read more here: » Uriel da Costa: Encyclopedia II - Uriel da Costa - Life

Minnesotan accent, where vowels are usually elongated. Minoplis (Dominican Republic) Very dark-skinned Dominicans or all Haitians, deriving from the expression "me no, please", refering to the beg for life of a person who's going to be executed (derives probably from the English punch-line of a joke, whose origin might have been during the U.S. intervention of the D.R. in 1916-1924). Mingita  (U.K.) Lesbian Indian/Muslim young woman, used offensively. From "minge" (female pubic hair ...

See also:

List of ethnic slurs, List of ethnic slurs - 0–9, List of ethnic slurs - A, List of ethnic slurs - B, List of ethnic slurs - C, List of ethnic slurs - D, List of ethnic slurs - E, List of ethnic slurs - F, List of ethnic slurs - G, List of ethnic slurs - H, List of ethnic slurs - I, List of ethnic slurs - J, List of ethnic slurs - K, List of ethnic slurs - L, List of ethnic slurs - M, List of ethnic slurs - N, List of ethnic slurs - O, List of ethnic slurs - P, List of ethnic slurs - Q, List of ethnic slurs - R, List of ethnic slurs - S, List of ethnic slurs - T, List of ethnic slurs - U, List of ethnic slurs - V, List of ethnic slurs - W, List of ethnic slurs - X, List of ethnic slurs - Y, List of ethnic slurs - Z, List of ethnic slurs - Endnotes

Read more here: » List of ethnic slurs: Encyclopedia II - List of ethnic slurs - M

Some uses of the term "Jew" are tainted by historic anti-Jewish bigotry. The correct adjectival form is "Jewish"; the use of "Jew" as an adjective (as in "Jew lawyer" rather than "Jewish lawyer") is associated with bigotry. The use of "Jew" or "jew" as a verb (as in "to jew someone down": to bargain for a lower price) is generally seen as an extremely offensive expression based on stereotypes. Even when used in a grammatically correct manner as a noun, the term "Jew" has been used to objectify and separate Jews from the remainder of t ...

See also:

Jew, Jew - Historical background, Jew - Usage note, Jew - Etymology, Jew - Who is a Jew?, Jew - Jewish culture, Jew - Ethnic divisions, Jew - Population, Jew - Significant geographic populations, Jew - State of Israel, Jew - Diaspora outside Israel, Jew - Population changes: Assimilation, Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews, Jew - Population changes: Growth, Jew - Jewish languages, Jew - History of the Jews, Jew - Jews and migrations, Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah, Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule, Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora, Jew - Middle Ages: Europe, Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa, Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation, Jew - Zionism and immigration, Jew - The Holocaust, Jew - Israel, Jew - Persecution, Jew - Jewish leadership, Jew - Famous Jews, Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia II - Jew - Usage note

At least for three thousand years, the Jewish people have lived in the Land of Israel, where they developed a monotheistic religion and enjoyed periods of self-determination. As a result of foreign conquests and expulsions, the Jewish diaspora has formed. Most of the Jews were expelled from their national homeland by the Romans in the year 135 and since then had a troubled existence surviving discrimination, oppression, poverty and even extermination (see article Anti-Semitism), but sometimes also ...

See also:

Jew, Jew - Historical background, Jew - Usage note, Jew - Etymology, Jew - Who is a Jew?, Jew - Jewish culture, Jew - Ethnic divisions, Jew - Population, Jew - Significant geographic populations, Jew - State of Israel, Jew - Diaspora outside Israel, Jew - Population changes: Assimilation, Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews, Jew - Population changes: Growth, Jew - Jewish languages, Jew - History of the Jews, Jew - Jews and migrations, Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah, Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule, Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora, Jew - Middle Ages: Europe, Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa, Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation, Jew - Zionism and immigration, Jew - The Holocaust, Jew - Israel, Jew - Persecution, Jew - Jewish leadership, Jew - Famous Jews, Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia II - Jew - Historical background

There are many different views as to the origin of the English language word Jew. The most common view is that the Middle English word Jew is from the Old French giu, earlier juieu, from the Latin iudeus from the Greek Ioudaios (Ιουδαίος). The Latin simply means Judaean, from the land of Judaea. The Hebrew for Jew, יהודי , is pronounced ye-hoo-DEE. The Hebrew letter Yodh (or Yud), י, used as a 'y' in the Hebrew language (as in the word ye-hoo-DEE), becomes a 'j' in languag ...

See also:

Jew, Jew - Historical background, Jew - Usage note, Jew - Etymology, Jew - Who is a Jew?, Jew - Jewish culture, Jew - Ethnic divisions, Jew - Population, Jew - Significant geographic populations, Jew - State of Israel, Jew - Diaspora outside Israel, Jew - Population changes: Assimilation, Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews, Jew - Population changes: Growth, Jew - Jewish languages, Jew - History of the Jews, Jew - Jews and migrations, Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah, Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule, Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora, Jew - Middle Ages: Europe, Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa, Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation, Jew - Zionism and immigration, Jew - The Holocaust, Jew - Israel, Jew - Persecution, Jew - Jewish leadership, Jew - Famous Jews, Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia II - Jew - Etymology

The most commonly used terms to describe ethnic divisions among Jews currently are: Ashkenazi (meaning "German" in Hebrew, denoting the Central European base of Jewry); and Sephardi (meaning "Spanish" or "Iberia" in Hebrew, denoting their Spanish, Portuguese and North African location). They refer to both religious and ethnic divisions. Other Jewish ethnic groups include Mizrahi Jews (a term overlapping Sephardi, but emphasizing North African and Middle Eastern rather than Spanish history, and including the Maghre ...

See also:

Jew, Jew - Historical background, Jew - Usage note, Jew - Etymology, Jew - Who is a Jew?, Jew - Jewish culture, Jew - Ethnic divisions, Jew - Population, Jew - Significant geographic populations, Jew - State of Israel, Jew - Diaspora outside Israel, Jew - Population changes: Assimilation, Jew - Population changes: Wars against the Jews, Jew - Population changes: Growth, Jew - Jewish languages, Jew - History of the Jews, Jew - Jews and migrations, Jew - Kingdoms of Israel and Judah, Jew - Persian Greek and Roman rule, Jew - Beginning of the Diaspora, Jew - Middle Ages: Europe, Jew - Middle Ages: Islamic Europe and North Africa, Jew - Enlightenment and emancipation, Jew - Zionism and immigration, Jew - The Holocaust, Jew - Israel, Jew - Persecution, Jew - Jewish leadership, Jew - Famous Jews, Jew - Notes

Read more here: » Jew: Encyclopedia II - Jew - Ethnic divisions