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Mani Pulite
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Mani Pulite | |
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| | |  Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - National Alliance Italy - Political programAN's political program emphasizes:
Catholicism, close to the official Church position, also due to the participation of the former members of the Christian Democracy;
law and order, especially laws aimed at controlling immigration and promoting national cohesion, also due to the partitipation of the members of the former MSI.
Distinguishing itself from the MSI, AN proclaims its commitment to constitutionalism, democracy and political pluralism. However, while the uncontested leader Gianfranco Fini has been ...
See also:National Alliance Italy, National Alliance Italy - Political program, National Alliance Italy - History, National Alliance Italy - Government participation, National Alliance Italy - Electoral Results, National Alliance Italy - July 2005 purge Read more here: » National Alliance Italy: Encyclopedia II - National Alliance Italy - Political program |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Italian Liberal Party - History
Italian Liberal Party - Early Years.
The party was founded in 1943 by Benedetto Croce, a prominent intellectual and MP whose international recognition allowed him to remain a free man during fascism, despite being an anti-fascist himself. Various groups had claimed the label "Liberal" before, but had never organized themselves as a party.
After the end of World War II, the liberal Enrico De Nicola became "temporary chief of state" (not President of the Republic, as the general elections had not yet been he ...
See also:Italian Liberal Party, Italian Liberal Party - History, Italian Liberal Party - Early Years, Italian Liberal Party - Giovanni Malagodi, Italian Liberal Party - The Eighties, Italian Liberal Party - Corruption Scandals and Aftermath, Italian Liberal Party - Re-foundation of the party, Italian Liberal Party - External link Read more here: » Italian Liberal Party: Encyclopedia II - Italian Liberal Party - History |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Silvio Berlusconi - Controversy
Silvio Berlusconi - Statements about Mussolini.
On one occasion, Berlusconi stated that "Benito Mussolini's regime hadn't killed a single person" and that Mussolini "just used to send opposers on holiday", thus apparently denying or dismissing a long series of fascist crimes, from the murder of Giacomo Matteotti to the infamous fascist concentration camps (Rab, Gonars, etc). Berlusconi later claimed that he did not mean to white-wash Mussolini, that he only reacted to a comparison, which he felt unfair, between the fascist dictator and Saddam Hussein.
Silvi ...
See also:Silvio Berlusconi, Silvio Berlusconi - Early years, Silvio Berlusconi - Business career, Silvio Berlusconi - Milano 2, Silvio Berlusconi - Vittorio Mangano, Silvio Berlusconi - Fininvest, Silvio Berlusconi - Current Assets, Silvio Berlusconi - Political career, Silvio Berlusconi - Going Down into the Field, Silvio Berlusconi - The debate about the motives, Silvio Berlusconi - The 1994 Electoral Victory, Silvio Berlusconi - Fall of the Berlusconi I cabinet, Silvio Berlusconi - Electoral Victory of 2001, Silvio Berlusconi - Subsequent Elections, Silvio Berlusconi - The Berlusconi III Cabinet, Silvio Berlusconi - Policies, Silvio Berlusconi - Legislative actions, Silvio Berlusconi - Controversy, Silvio Berlusconi - Statements about Mussolini, Silvio Berlusconi - Arguments for Illegal Jobs, Silvio Berlusconi - The Economist, Silvio Berlusconi - Influence on the Media, Silvio Berlusconi - Conflicts of Interests, Silvio Berlusconi - Sense of Humour, Silvio Berlusconi - Legal investigations of Berlusconi, Silvio Berlusconi - Dilatory tactics, Silvio Berlusconi - Member of Propaganda Due masonry lodge, Silvio Berlusconi - Entrepreneurial career Bettino Craxi & Mafia, Silvio Berlusconi - Trials, Silvio Berlusconi - Personality Read more here: » Silvio Berlusconi: Encyclopedia II - Silvio Berlusconi - Controversy |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - History of Italy as a republic - The Democrazia Cristiana 1947-1992 Under the 1947 peace treaty, minor adjustments were made to Italy's frontier with France, the eastern border area was transferred to Yugoslavia, and the area around the city of Trieste was designated a free territory. In 1954, the free territory, which had remained under the administration of U.S.–U.K. forces (Zone A, including the city of Trieste) and Yugoslav forces (Zone B), was divided between Italy and Yugoslavia, principally along the zonal boundary.
In the fifties Italy became a member of the NATO alliance and an ally of the ...
See also:History of Italy as a republic, History of Italy as a republic - The Birth of the Republic 1946, History of Italy as a republic - Elections after World War II 1946–1948, History of Italy as a republic - The Democrazia Cristiana 1947-1992, History of Italy as a republic - The “lead years” and the failed historic compromise, History of Italy as a republic - The Eighties, History of Italy as a republic - The Second Republic 1992-present, History of Italy as a republic - Mani pulite and the Second Republic, History of Italy as a republic - 1994 elections: Berlusconi’s first government, History of Italy as a republic - 1996 elections, History of Italy as a republic - May 2001 national elections, History of Italy as a republic - Notes Read more here: » History of Italy as a republic: Encyclopedia II - History of Italy as a republic - The Democrazia Cristiana 1947-1992 |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Antonio Di Pietro - Prosecutor Born to a poor rural family of Molise, very young he went Germany to work as a waiter in a restaurant, to pay for his studies. He graduated in law and was admitted to serve in the Police as an officer. After a few years, he entered the judicial career as an prosecutor.
Together with other known judges like Francesco Saverio Borrelli, Ilda Boccassini, Gherardo Colombo, Piercamillo Davigo and others, he founded the Mani Pulite ("clean hands") t ...
See also:Antonio Di Pietro, Antonio Di Pietro - Prosecutor, Antonio Di Pietro - Minister, Antonio Di Pietro - Political career, Antonio Di Pietro - Career Read more here: » Antonio Di Pietro: Encyclopedia II - Antonio Di Pietro - Prosecutor |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Bettino Craxi - Political ascension He is the second longest-serving Prime Minister in Italy since 1945, after Silvio Berlusconi and had strong influence in Italian politics throughout the eighties; for some time, he was a close ally of two key figures of Democrazia Cristiana, Giulio Andreotti and Arnaldo Forlani, in a loose cross-party alliance often dubbed CAF. Craxi had a firm grasp on a party previously troubled by factionalism, and tried to distance it from the communists bringing it closer to Christian Democrats and other parties; his objective was to create an It ...
See also:Bettino Craxi, Bettino Craxi - Political ascension, Bettino Craxi - The Sigonella Incident, Bettino Craxi - Downfall and Disgrace, Bettino Craxi - Mani Pulite, Bettino Craxi - Midgets and Dancers, Bettino Craxi - Escape to Tunisia, Bettino Craxi - Quotes by and about Bettino Craxi Read more here: » Bettino Craxi: Encyclopedia II - Bettino Craxi - Political ascension |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - The Union political coalition - Primary elections The coalition has been assumed to be led by Romano Prodi, but Prodi himself has called for primary elections. Primary elections are a novelty in Italian politics, as the proportional system in place until the early 1990s was supposed to present sufficient variety to electors. With the new majoritarian electoral system, two clear blocks have emerged since 1996. The primary elections for the Union took place on October 16, 2005.
The Unio ...
See also:The Union political coalition, The Union political coalition - Primary elections, The Union political coalition - Previous primary election in Apulia, The Union political coalition - Candidates, The Union political coalition - The election, The Union political coalition - Results, The Union political coalition - Reactions Read more here: » The Union political coalition: Encyclopedia II - The Union political coalition - Primary elections |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - 1990s - Events and trends While optimism and hopes were high following the collapse of Communism, the backlash of the Cold War's effect was only beginning, precipitating the continuation of terrorism in Third World regions that were once the frontlines for American and Soviet foreign politics, particularly in Asia. However, during the 1990s many First World economies such as the United States, Canada, Ireland, Australia, and South Korea experienced steady economic growth for nearly the entire decade. The United Kingdom, after the recession of 1991-92 and Black Wednes ...
See also:1990s, 1990s - Events and trends, 1990s - Criticism of the 1990s, 1990s - Similarities with the 2000s Decade, 1990s - Technology, 1990s - Science, 1990s - War peace and politics, 1990s - Economics, 1990s - Culture, 1990s - Other significant events, 1990s - People, 1990s - World leaders, 1990s - Entertainers, 1990s - Films, 1990s - Books & Literature, 1990s - Sports figures Read more here: » 1990s: Encyclopedia II - 1990s - Events and trends |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Tangentopoli - Popular Distrust of Politics As a general attitude, but especially in the 80s and early 90s, Italians have often been sceptical of their own politicians. It is a common attitude throughout the country to consider the state inefficient, corruption widespread, success to be based most of the time on personal acquaintances rather than merit. While these claims are somewhat simplistic generalizations, they were probably not such a bad approximation of the real picture.
See also:Tangentopoli, Tangentopoli - Popular Distrust of Politics, Tangentopoli - Rich Friars and poor monasteries, Tangentopoli - Recommendations, Tangentopoli - Lottizzazione, Tangentopoli - The Cencelli Manual, Tangentopoli - A Stable Instability Read more here: » Tangentopoli: Encyclopedia II - Tangentopoli - Popular Distrust of Politics |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Socialist Party New PSI - The October 2005 congress On October 21-23, 2005, a national congress was held in Rome in order to deliberate the new political line to be held by the party, particularly about the possibility to join the Union and thus leave the House of Freedoms.
During the congress, which was characterized by a hot environment and several contestations and controverses, Bobo Craxi, who supported a "socialist unity" together with the Italian Radicals and the Italian Democratic Socialists inside the Union and an immediate retirement from the Berlusconi government, challenged incumbent leader Gianni De Michelis, who instea ...
See also:Socialist Party New PSI, Socialist Party New PSI - National elections, Socialist Party New PSI - European elections, Socialist Party New PSI - Leading members, Socialist Party New PSI - The October 2005 congress, Socialist Party New PSI - Last news Read more here: » Socialist Party New PSI: Encyclopedia II - Socialist Party New PSI - The October 2005 congress |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - 1990s - Overview While optimism and hopes were high following the collapse of Communism, the backlash of the Cold War's effect was only beginning, precipitating the continuation of terrorism in Third World regions that were once the frontlines for American and Soviet foreign politics, particularly in Asia. However, during the 1990s many First World economies such as the United States, Canada, Ireland, Australia, and South Korea experienced steady economic growth for nearly the entire decade. The United Kingdom, after the recession of 1991-92 and Black Wednes ...
See also:1990s, 1990s - Overview, 1990s - Technology, 1990s - Science, 1990s - War peace and politics, 1990s - Economics, 1990s - Culture, 1990s - Video Games, 1990s - Internet, 1990s - Other significant events, 1990s - People, 1990s - World leaders, 1990s - Entertainers, 1990s - Films, 1990s - Books & Literature, 1990s - Sports figures Read more here: » 1990s: Encyclopedia II - 1990s - Overview |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Italy - History of the post-war political landscape
Politics of Italy - First Republic.
There have been frequent government turnovers since 1945. The dominance of the Christian Democratic party during much of the postwar period lent continuity and comparative stability to Italy's political situation, mainly dominated by the attempt of keeping the Italian Communist Party out of power, to maintain Cold War equilibrium in the region.
The communists were in the government only in the national unity governments before 1948, in which their party's secretary Palmi ...
See also:Politics of Italy, Politics of Italy - Division of powers, Politics of Italy - Executive branch, Politics of Italy - The President of the Republic, Politics of Italy - The Prime Minister, Politics of Italy - Legislative branch, Politics of Italy - Political parties and elections, Politics of Italy - Political parties, Politics of Italy - Latest elections, Politics of Italy - Judicial branch, Politics of Italy - History of the post-war political landscape, Politics of Italy - First Republic, Politics of Italy - Second Republic, Politics of Italy - Administrative division Read more here: » Politics of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Italy - History of the post-war political landscape |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Italy - Administrative division The Italian State has twenty regions and about a hundred provinces. The constitution of Italy provides for twenty regions, most of them with limited governing powers. Regions are further divided in provinces. Provinces also have their own local elections. For each of the provinces, a prefect is appointed by and responds to the central government, which he locally represents. While the number of regions is somewhat stable (the only modification to the original set is the separation of Molise from Abruzzo), there ...
See also:Politics of Italy, Politics of Italy - Division of powers, Politics of Italy - Executive branch, Politics of Italy - The President of the Republic, Politics of Italy - The Prime Minister, Politics of Italy - Legislative branch, Politics of Italy - Political parties and elections, Politics of Italy - Political parties, Politics of Italy - Latest elections, Politics of Italy - Judicial branch, Politics of Italy - History of the post-war political landscape, Politics of Italy - First Republic, Politics of Italy - Second Republic, Politics of Italy - Administrative division Read more here: » Politics of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Italy - Administrative division |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Bettino Craxi - Downfall and Disgrace The last main turning point of his career began taking place in the early nineteen-nighties.
A team of Milanese judges began investigating the affairs of party financing; Milan was then stronghold of the Italian Socialist Party, and for some time Craxi's own son-in-law, Paolo Pillitteri, was the mayor of the city. This initiative came to be called Mani pulite (Italian for clean hands). No party was spared, but in some parties corruption had become more commonplace than elsewhere (either because of more available occasion, or because o ...
See also:Bettino Craxi, Bettino Craxi - Political ascension, Bettino Craxi - The Sigonella Incident, Bettino Craxi - Downfall and Disgrace, Bettino Craxi - Mani Pulite, Bettino Craxi - Midgets and Dancers, Bettino Craxi - Escape to Tunisia, Bettino Craxi - Quotes by and about Bettino Craxi Read more here: » Bettino Craxi: Encyclopedia II - Bettino Craxi - Downfall and Disgrace |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - History of Italy as a republic - The Second Republic 1992-present
History of Italy as a republic - Mani pulite and the Second Republic.
From 1992 to 1997, Italy faced significant challenges as voters (disenchanted with past political paralysis, massive government debt, extensive corruption, and organized crime's considerable influence collectively called Tangentopoli after being uncovered by Mani pulite - "Clean hands") demanded political, economic, and ethical reforms. The scandals involved all major parties, but especially those in the government coalition: between 199 ...
See also:History of Italy as a republic, History of Italy as a republic - The Birth of the Republic 1946, History of Italy as a republic - Elections after World War II 1946–1948, History of Italy as a republic - The Democrazia Cristiana 1947-1992, History of Italy as a republic - The “lead years” and the failed historic compromise, History of Italy as a republic - The Eighties, History of Italy as a republic - The Second Republic 1992-present, History of Italy as a republic - Mani pulite and the Second Republic, History of Italy as a republic - 1994 elections: Berlusconi’s first government, History of Italy as a republic - 1996 elections, History of Italy as a republic - May 2001 national elections, History of Italy as a republic - Notes Read more here: » History of Italy as a republic: Encyclopedia II - History of Italy as a republic - The Second Republic 1992-present |
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| | | | Mani Pulite: Encyclopedia II - Tangentopoli - A Stable Instability Looking at the list of Italian prime ministers since the end of the War, it is evident that most governments were short-lived, lasting 11 months on average. The shortest of them lasted just three days.
All the Italian parties had large memberships (the Communists more than two million until 1956, the Christian Democrats almost the same by the early 1970s), recruited from organizations such as Catholic Action, cooperatives, and trade unions. These organizations often provided tangible benefits—jobs, disability pensions, and cheap hol ...
See also:Tangentopoli, Tangentopoli - Popular Distrust of Politics, Tangentopoli - Rich Friars and poor monasteries, Tangentopoli - Recommendations, Tangentopoli - Lottizzazione, Tangentopoli - The Cencelli Manual, Tangentopoli - A Stable Instability Read more here: » Tangentopoli: Encyclopedia II - Tangentopoli - A Stable Instability |
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