Male nipples were for a long time considered a biological mystery, since they appeared not to serve any direct biological function, and so their development appeared to present a problem for the theory of evolution. Modern biology now regards the existence of male nipples as being consistent with the theory of evolution. Indeed, the development of male nipples may be regarded as a good example of both the mechanisms by which evolution of the genome expresses itself in the phenotype, and the undirec ...

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Nipple, Nipple - Anatomy, Nipple - Male nipples

Read more here: » Nipple: Encyclopedia II - Nipple - Male nipples

These are typically less elaborate than female marital status markers, and in many cultures may be absent. One reading of this is that men may see these markers as limiting their sexual behavior and resist them. Visual markers of marital status - Jewelry. In Western countries, some but not all married men wear a gold wedding ring on the left ring finger (right in ex-Soviet countries). Visual markers of marital status - Beards. Among the Amish and Hutterite communities of Canada and the United States, only married m ...

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Visual markers of marital status, Visual markers of marital status - Male, Visual markers of marital status - Jewelry, Visual markers of marital status - Beards, Visual markers of marital status - Female, Visual markers of marital status - Jewelry, Visual markers of marital status - Hairstyle, Visual markers of marital status - Cosmetics, Visual markers of marital status - Clothing

Read more here: » Visual markers of marital status: Encyclopedia II - Visual markers of marital status - Male

The anatomy of the vulva is related to the anatomy of the male genitalia by a common developmental biology. Organs that have a common developmental ancestry in this way are said to be homologous. The clitoral glans is homologous to the glans penis in males, and the clitoral body and the clitoral crura, are homologous to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. The labia majora, labia minora and clitoral hood are homologous to the scrotum, shaft skin of the penis, and the foreskin, respectively. The vestibular bulbs beneath the skin of the ...

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Vulva, Vulva - Description, Vulva - Relation to male genitals, Vulva - Cultural attitudes, Vulva - Popular culture

Read more here: » Vulva: Encyclopedia II - Vulva - Relation to male genitals

Europeans, with the exception of the Jews, did not practice male circumcision. The Church issued a papal bull in 1442 that prohibited the practice of circumcision for all Christians [9]. ...

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History of male circumcision, History of male circumcision - Circumcision in the Ancient World, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the Greco-Roman World, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the Renaissance, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 18th Century, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 19th Century and beyond, History of male circumcision - Male circumcision to prevent masturbation, History of male circumcision - Medical circumcision from 1870 to 1950 in English-speaking countries, History of male circumcision - Circumcision since 1950, History of male circumcision - Circumcision in the 21st century, History of male circumcision - Reference

Read more here: » History of male circumcision: Encyclopedia II - History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the Renaissance

The male prostitute or hustler is a frequent stereotype in literature and movies from the 1960s on, and especially in movies and books with a gay perspective in which he may be considered a stock character. He also appears occasionally in popular music (like the photo spread for The Bravery), some contemporary fashion advertising and the visual arts. The most common stereotype of the hustler is as a sexy but tragic figure. This stereotype reveals both a fascination with the hustler as a sexual object and sadness or disdain with ...

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Male prostitute, Male prostitute - Male prostitution, Male prostitute - The hustler in popular culture, Male prostitute - Books on hustling, Male prostitute - The hustler in literature, Male prostitute - The hustler in theater, Male prostitute - The hustler in cinema, Male prostitute - Films with a hustler as a main character, Male prostitute - Other films that include hustlers, Male prostitute - Documentary films, Male prostitute - The hustler in photography, Male prostitute - People who have engaged in male prostitution

Read more here: » Male prostitute: Encyclopedia II - Male prostitute - The hustler in popular culture

Female Circumcision

1. A medical procediure in which the clitoral foreskin is incised or excised to free the clitoris to permit fuller sexual stimulation.
2. In many parts of the world, especially Islamic Africa, circumcision is also performed on girls. In many instances it involves the excision of the clitoris and the labia.

(see Circumcision, Female Circumcision)

(See also: Female Circumcision, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Circumcision was not practiced amongst Christians in Europe in the 18th Century. It was regarded with repulsion. Edward Gibbon had referred to it as a "singular mutilation" practised only by Jews and Turks and as "a painful and often dangerous rite" ...(R. Darby) [10] In 1753 in London there was a proposal for Jewish emancipation. It was furiously opposed by the pamphleteers of the time, who spread the fear that Jewish emancipation meant universal circumcision. Men were urged to protect: "the best of Y ...

See also:

History of male circumcision, History of male circumcision - Circumcision in the Ancient World, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the Greco-Roman World, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the Renaissance, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 18th Century, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 19th Century and beyond, History of male circumcision - Male circumcision to prevent masturbation, History of male circumcision - Medical circumcision from 1870 to 1950 in English-speaking countries, History of male circumcision - Circumcision since 1950, History of male circumcision - Circumcision in the 21st century, History of male circumcision - Reference

Read more here: » History of male circumcision: Encyclopedia II - History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 18th Century

Among practicing cultures, FGC is most commonly performed between the ages of four and eight. As with most plastic surgery, advocates of it believe it should be performed under hygienic conditions and with the application of an appropriate anaesthetic. However,this technology has only been available for a relatively short time, and even today the procedure is usually carried out without anesthesia and under unsanitary conditions. As with any procedure, FGC can be extremely painful and dangerous to health when not performed hygienically. Some ...

See also:

Female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Different forms, Female genital cutting - Clitoridotomy, Female genital cutting - Clitoridectomy, Female genital cutting - Infibulation, Female genital cutting - Other types of female circumcision, Female genital cutting - Areas of practice, Female genital cutting - Cultural background, Female genital cutting - Medical consequences, Female genital cutting - Female Genital Cutting and Human Rights, Female genital cutting - Legal status, Female genital cutting - Ending Forms of female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Female genital cutting in popular culture

Read more here: » Female genital cutting: Encyclopedia II - Female genital cutting - Medical consequences

In 2002, Emmanuele Jannini of L'Aquila University in Italy showed one explanation for this phenomenon as well as for the frequent denials of its existence. Skene's gland openings are usually the size of pinholes, and vary in size from one woman to another, to the point where they appear to be missing entirely in some women. If Skene's glands are the cause of female ejaculation, this may explain the observed absence of this phenomenon in many women. Retrograde ejaculation, where the fluid travels up the urethra towards the bladder (observed in 75% of test subject ...

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Female ejaculation, Female ejaculation - The nature of female ejaculation, Female ejaculation - Research, Female ejaculation - In society, Female ejaculation - Pornography, Female ejaculation - Transsexualism, Female ejaculation - British film censorship, Female ejaculation - Famous female ejaculators

Read more here: » Female ejaculation: Encyclopedia II - Female ejaculation - Research

In 2002, Emmanuele Jannini of L'Aquila University in Italy showed one explanation for this phenomenon as well as for the frequent denials of its existence. Skene's gland openings are usually the size of pinholes, and vary in size from one woman to another, to the point where they appear to be missing entirely in some women. If Skene's glands are the cause of female ejaculation, this may explain the observed absence of this phenomenon in many women. Retrograde ejaculation, where the fluid travels up the urethra towards the bladder (observed in 75% of test subject ...

See also:

Female ejaculation, Female ejaculation - The nature of female ejaculation, Female ejaculation - Research, Female ejaculation - In society, Female ejaculation - Pornography, Female ejaculation - Transsexualism, Female ejaculation - British film censorship, Female ejaculation - Famous female ejaculators in porn

Read more here: » Female ejaculation: Encyclopedia II - Female ejaculation - Research

Until well into the Nineteenth Century, the same sentiments prevailed. Richard Burton observed that "Christendom practically holds circumcision in horror". This attitude is reflected in the ninth edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica (1876) which discusses the practice as a religious rite among Jews, Moslems, the ancient Egyptians and tribal peoples in various parts of the world. The author of the entry rejected sanitary explanations of the procedure in favour of a religious one: "like other ...

See also:

History of male circumcision, History of male circumcision - Circumcision in the Ancient World, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the Greco-Roman World, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the Renaissance, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 18th Century, History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 19th Century and beyond, History of male circumcision - Male circumcision to prevent masturbation, History of male circumcision - Medical circumcision from 1870 to 1950 in English-speaking countries, History of male circumcision - Circumcision since 1950, History of male circumcision - Circumcision in the 21st century, History of male circumcision - Reference

Read more here: » History of male circumcision: Encyclopedia II - History of male circumcision - Male Circumcision in the 19th Century and beyond

Some psychologists and anthropologists argue that the masculine identity is more fragile than the feminine identity because males are not born of their own identity. Females are born from the female body. Thus females are born of their own identity. Males are born of the female body, and thus are born of an identity foreign to their own. Some argue that early on this establishes a struggle and challange for the male identity. Some scholars have noted that women are born, but men are "made." In other words, males often feel that their ...

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Masculine Psychology, Masculine Psychology - Males are not born of their own identity, Masculine Psychology - The role of the father, Masculine Psychology - The works of Eugene Monick, Masculine Psychology - Related articles, Masculine Psychology - External links

Read more here: » Masculine Psychology: Encyclopedia II - Masculine Psychology - Males are not born of their own identity

A mature sperm, or spermatozoan, has 3 distinct parts: a head, a mid-piece, and a tail. The tail is made up of microtubules that form cilia and flagella, and the mid-piece contains energy-producing mitochondria. The head contains 23 chromosomes within a nucleus. The tip of the nucleus is covered by a cap called the acrosome, which is believed to contain enzymes needed to breach the egg for fertilization. A normal human male usually produces several hundred million ...

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Male reproductive system human, Male reproductive system human - Testes, Male reproductive system human - Penis, Male reproductive system human - Sperm & Seminal Fluid, Male reproductive system human - Ejaculation

Read more here: » Male reproductive system human: Encyclopedia II - Male reproductive system human - Sperm & Seminal Fluid

One provision of the Salic law continued to play a role in European politics during the Middle Ages and beyond. Concerning the inheritance of land, the Salic Law provided But of Salic land no portion of the inheritance shall come to a woman: but the whole inheritance of the land shall come to the male sex. or, another transcript: concerning terra Salica no portion or inheritance is for a woman but all the land belongs to memb ...

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Salic law, Salic law - Historical consequences, Salic law - Agnatic succession, Salic law - Female inheritance, Salic law - Old Dutch, Salic law - Popular culture, Salic law - External link

Read more here: » Salic law: Encyclopedia II - Salic law - Female inheritance

Female genital cutting is primarily a social practice, not a religious one. It is today a mainly African cultural practice. It crosses the lines of various religious groups. It is found among Muslims, Christians, African Jews and Animists. [13] A number of reasons are put forward for the practice of FGC. These include the belief that it annuls or moderates sexual desires in women. It is also believed that it is more hygienic. Frequently the practice is associated with traditional i ...

See also:

Female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Different forms, Female genital cutting - Clitoridotomy, Female genital cutting - Clitoridectomy, Female genital cutting - Infibulation, Female genital cutting - Other types of female circumcision, Female genital cutting - Areas of practice, Female genital cutting - Cultural background, Female genital cutting - Medical consequences, Female genital cutting - Female Genital Cutting and Human Rights, Female genital cutting - Legal status, Female genital cutting - Ending Forms of female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Female genital cutting in popular culture

Read more here: » Female genital cutting: Encyclopedia II - Female genital cutting - Cultural background

Female genital cutting is today mainly practiced in African countries. It is common in a band that stretches from Senegal in West Africa to Somalia on the East coast, as well as from Egypt in the north to Tanzania in the south. In these regions, it is estimated that more than 95% of all women have undergone this procedure. It is also practiced by some groups in the Arabian peninsula [10], especially among a minority (20%) in Yemen. The practice is known to exist throughout the Middle East, though it is veiled in secrecy, unlike in par ...

See also:

Female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Different forms, Female genital cutting - Clitoridotomy, Female genital cutting - Clitoridectomy, Female genital cutting - Infibulation, Female genital cutting - Other types of female circumcision, Female genital cutting - Areas of practice, Female genital cutting - Cultural background, Female genital cutting - Medical consequences, Female genital cutting - Female Genital Cutting and Human Rights, Female genital cutting - Legal status, Female genital cutting - Ending Forms of female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Female genital cutting in popular culture

Read more here: » Female genital cutting: Encyclopedia II - Female genital cutting - Areas of practice

While it is not yet explicitly clear which ending is canonical, the official stance from Lucasfilm on games where players can choose between the light side and dark side has traditionally been that the light side ending is the canonical one. Once the Exile had met with all of the missing Jedi Masters, he returned to Dantooine to find the rebuilt Jedi Training Academy. There, the Jedi had formed a council in which they would decide his fate. They told him of why he was cut off from the Force after Malachor V, and that the Sith had lear ...

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Jedi Exile, Jedi Exile - Biography, Jedi Exile - Canon light side male ending, Jedi Exile - Alternative endings, Jedi Exile - Light side female ending, Jedi Exile - Dark side male ending, Jedi Exile - Behind the scenes

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Female guards were collectively known by the rank of SS-Helferin and could hold positional titles equivalent to regular SS ranks. Such positions were known as Rapportführerin (Report Leader), Erstaufseherin (First Guard), Lagerführerin (Camp Leader [high position]) or Oberaufseherin (Senior Overseer). The highest position ever attained by a woman was "Chef Oberaufseherin" (Chief Senior Overseer) (see Luise Brunner or Anna Klein). In the Nazi command structure, no female guard could ever give orders to a m ...

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Female guards in Nazi concentration camps, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - Recruitment, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - Advancement, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - Daily life, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - Camps names and ranks, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - From the post-war until today, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - Female guards tried today, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - Notes

Read more here: » Female guards in Nazi concentration camps: Encyclopedia II - Female guards in Nazi concentration camps - Advancement

Hysteria's history can be traced back to ancient times; it was described by both the ancient physician Hippocrates and Plato, although it was previously recorded in Egyptian papyri. An ancient Greek myth tells of the uterus wandering throughout a woman’s body, strangling the victim as it reaches the chest and causing disease. This theory is the source of the name, which stems from the Greek word for uterus, hystera. A prominent physician from the second century, Galen, wrote that hysteria was a disease caused by sexual depriv ...

See also:

Female hysteria, Female hysteria - Early history, Female hysteria - Victorian era, Female hysteria - Theories on Victorian hysteria, Female hysteria - Disappearance of hysteria as a medical diagnosis

Read more here: » Female hysteria: Encyclopedia II - Female hysteria - Early history

FGC is prohibited in several Western countries. Not all countries ban all types of procedure. For instance Type I procedures (for medical reasons only), and any form on adult women, are openly available in the USA, whereas, in the UK there is an outright ban even on this elective surgery taken by mature adults. In Canada, just running the risk of female genital mutilation is already sufficient reason to obtain the political asylum status. In France, in recent years several women excising minor girls have been handed prison sentences up to five years; [22] courts have also han ...

See also:

Female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Different forms, Female genital cutting - Clitoridotomy, Female genital cutting - Clitoridectomy, Female genital cutting - Infibulation, Female genital cutting - Other types of female circumcision, Female genital cutting - Areas of practice, Female genital cutting - Cultural background, Female genital cutting - Medical consequences, Female genital cutting - Female Genital Cutting and Human Rights, Female genital cutting - Legal status, Female genital cutting - Ending Forms of female genital cutting, Female genital cutting - Female genital cutting in popular culture

Read more here: » Female genital cutting: Encyclopedia II - Female genital cutting - Legal status

All songs by J. G. Thirlwell unless noted. Male album - Disc 1. Free James Brown [4:36] Fin [1:56] Hot Horse [5:08] English Faggot [6:25] Faith Healer (Alex Harvey / Hugh McKenna) [7:20] Honey I'm Home (Thirlwell / Roli Mosimann) [9:25] Butterfly Potion [3:09] I'll Meet You in Poland Baby [7:43] Male album - Disc 2. Anything (Viva!) [8:41] Death Rape 2 ...

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Male album, Male album - Track listing, Male album - Disc 1, Male album - Disc 2, Male album - Performers, Male album - Personnel, Male album - Concert Film, Male album - Film Tracklisting

Read more here: » Male album: Encyclopedia II - Male album - Track listing

Some argue that the increasing prevalence of female suicide bombers in the Intifada is a sign of the rising status of women in Arab culture. Some argue that the desire to become a martyr stems from the marginalization of women in Arab society. Though Islam forbids women (and men) to commit suicide bombings, militant organizations (including fundamentalist Muslim ones) have used women to carry out suicide bombings because they draw less suspicion than men and go through less rigorous security checks. For example: while a man can be che ...

See also:

Female suicide bomber, Female suicide bomber - Palestinian bombers, Female suicide bomber - List of female suicide bombers by country, Female suicide bomber - India, Female suicide bomber - Israel and Palestine, Female suicide bomber - Iraq, Female suicide bomber - Jordan, Female suicide bomber - Russia, Female suicide bomber - Sri Lanka, Female suicide bomber - Turkey

Read more here: » Female suicide bomber: Encyclopedia II - Female suicide bomber - Palestinian bombers