Malcolm became a small time hustler and was known on the street as "Detroit Red", due to his lighter skin tone and hair color. He was arrested in Boston on January 12, 1946 at the age of 20 and sentenced to eight to ten years' imprisonment on charges of breaking and entering, carrying firearms, and larceny. He later earned the nickname Satan in the Charlestown State Prison for his constant cursing, especially of God and the Bible. While in jail in 1948, he received letters from his brother Reginald, asking him to join the Nation of Islam (NO ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Prison

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Death and aftermath, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Prison

In 1952, after his release from prison, Malcolm went to meet Elijah Muhammad in Chicago. Malcolm couldn't receive his African last name "X" yet because he simply hadn't had enough insight, study, and understanding of the Muslim religion. The "X" is meant to symbolize the rejection of his "slave-name" and the absence of a proper African Muslim name. The "X" is also both a reference to the name given to the slaves by the Anglo-European slave owners, unwilling to learn their African names; and is also the brand ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Nation of Islam

Malcolm X, (born Malcolm Little May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) also known as Detroit Red, El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, and Omowale, was a longtime spokesman for the Nation of Islam. He was also founder of the Muslim Mosque, Inc. and the Organization of Afro-American Unity. During his life, Malcolm went from being a street-wise Boston hoodlum to one of the most prominent black nationalist leaders in the United States. As a militant leader, Malcolm X advocated black pride, economic self-reliance, and identi ...

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Malcolm X - Name Malcolm X - Birth and early years Malcolm X - Prison Malcolm X - Nation of Islam Malcolm X - Marriage Malcolm X - Hajj Malcolm X - A Changed Man Malcolm X - Africa Malcolm X - Death and aftermath Malcolm X - Funeral Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia - Malcolm X

At the beginning of the 1960s, Karenga met Malcolm X and began to embrace Black nationalism. Following the Watts riots in 1965, he interrupted his doctoral studies at UCLA and joined the Black Power movement. During this time, he awarded himself the title "maulana", Swahili for "master teacher." He formed United Slaves, later called the U.S. Organization, an outspoken Black nationalist group that some allege was encouraged by the FBI. When asked about the O.J. Simpson trial Karenga alleged that O.J. Simpson was framed by "the FBI, the CIA, the State Department, Inter ...

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Ron Karenga, Ron Karenga - Background and Education, Ron Karenga - U.S. Organization and the Black Panthers, Ron Karenga - Time in Prison, Ron Karenga - Kawaida and Kwanzaa, Ron Karenga - Books by Ron Karenga

Read more here: » Ron Karenga: Encyclopedia II - Ron Karenga - U.S. Organization and the Black Panthers

The DC Anti-War Network (DAWN) sponsored a mass rally and march at Malcolm X Park (Meridian Hill Park) to protest the inauguration of President George W. Bush. Following a number of speeches, the group marched south on 16th Street NW and west on H Street NW to McPherson Square. Speakers included: Amy Goodman - Democracy Now Father Gerard Jean-Juste - former Haitian political prisoner Reverend Graylan Hagler - Civil Rights leader, Plymouth Congregational Church Stan Goff - Military Families Speak ...

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January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Rally at Malcolm X Park, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Die-In, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Protest Warrior Confrontation, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Black Bloc Breakaway March, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Demonstrations along the Parade Route, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Critical Mass at Dupont Circle, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Demonstrations Outside Inaugural Balls, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Counter-Inaugural Ball, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - March through Adams Morgan Neighborhood, January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Demonstrations in other Cities

Read more here: » January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest: Encyclopedia II - January 20 2005 counter-inaugural protest - Rally at Malcolm X Park

He explained the name he chose by saying, "To take one's 'X' is to take on a certain mystery, a certain possibility of power in the eyes of one's peers and one's enemies ... The 'X'; announced what you had been and what you had become: Ex-smoker, Ex-drinker, Ex-Christian, Ex-slave." The 'X' also stood for the unknown original surname of the slaves from whom Malcolm X descended, in preference to continuing to use a name which would have been given by the slave owner. This rationale made many members of the Nation o ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Name

In 1958 Malcolm married Betty X (née Sanders) in Lansing, Michigan. They had six daughters together, all of whom carried the surname of Shabazz: Attillah, born in 1958; Qubilah born in 1960; Ilyasah born in 1962; Gumilah born in 1964 and twins, Malaak and Malikah, who were born after Malcolm's death in 1965. As Malcolm worked tirelessly for the Nation of Islam, he was increasingly exposed to rumours of Elijah Muhammad's extra-marital affairs with young secretaries. Adultery is severely shunned in the teachings of the Nation of Islam. ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Death and aftermath, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Marriage

The Autobiography of Malcolm X (ISBN 0345350685) was written by Alex Haley between 1964 and 1965, based on interviews conducted shortly before Malcolm's assassination (with an epilogue written after it), and was published in 1965. The book was named by Time magazine as one of the 10 most important nonfiction books of the 20th century. "...belongs on the small shelf of great autobiographies", according to Wendy Smith of Amazon.com. Malcolm X Speaks: Selected Speeches and Statements ISBN 0802132138 edited by George Breitman. These speeches made during the last eight months of Malcolm ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches

In 1964, Life magazine published a famous photograph of Malcolm X holding an M1 Carbine and pulling back the curtains to peer out of a window. This photograph is a popular image on T-shirts and often appears with the slogan "By any means necessary." The photo was taken in connection with Malcolm's declaration that he would defend himself from the daily death threats which he and his family were receiving. The undercover FBI informants warned officials that Malcolm X had been marked for assassination. One officer undercover with the Nation of Islam is said to have reported that he had been ord ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Assassination

In 1958 Malcolm married Betty X (née Sanders) in Lansing, Michigan. They had six daughters together, all of whom carried the surname of Shabazz: Attallah (also spelled Attillah), born in 1958; Qubilah, born in 1960; Ilyasah, born in 1962; Gamilah (also spelled Gumilah), born in 1964; and twins, Malaak and Malikah, born after Malcolm's death in 1965. As Malcolm worked tirelessly for the Nation of Islam, he was increasingly exposed to rumours of Elijah Muhammad's extramarital affairs with young secretaries. Adultery is severely shunned ...

See also:

Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Marriage

Malcolm Little was born in Omaha, Nebraska to Earl Little and Louise Little (née Norton). His father, an outspoken Baptist lay preacher and supporter of Marcus Garvey, was believed to have been killed by the Black Legion, a white supremacist group in Lansing, Michigan in 1931. Malcolm and his siblings had been split up and sent to different foster homes when Louise Little was declared legally insane. In 1939, she was formally committed to the State Mental Hospital at Kalamazoo, Michigan, and remained there until Malcolm and his brothers a ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Birth and early years

By the summer of 1963, tension in the Nation of Islam reached boiling point. Malcolm believed that Elijah Muhammad was jealous of his popularity (as were several senior ministers). Malcolm watched the March on Washington critically, unable to understand why black people were excited over a demonstration "run by whites in front of a statue of a president who has been dead for a hundred years and who didn't like us when he was alive." Later in the year, following the John F. Kennedy assassination, Malcolm delivered a speech as he regula ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Tensions

On April 13, 1964, Malcolm departed JFK Airport, New York for Cairo, Egypt by way of Frankfurt, Germany. It was the second time Malcolm had been to Africa. Malcolm left Cairo arriving in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia at about three in the morning. He was automatically suspect due to his inability to speak the Arabic language and his United States passport. He was separated from the group he came with and was isolated. He spent about 20 hours wearing the ihram, a two-piece towel outfit wrapping the wearer from the waist down with one towel and fro ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Hajj

Among the little known and least mentioned facts about the life of Malcolm X are his excursions in Africa. In all, Malcolm X visited Africa on three separate occasions, once in 1959 and twice in 1964. During his visits, he met officials, as well as spoke on television and radio in such diverse places as: Cairo, Egypt; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Dar Es Salaam, Tanganyika (now Tanzania); Lagos and Ibadan, Nigeria; Accra, Winneba, and Legon, Ghana; Conakry, Guinea; Algier ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Africa

On May 21, 1964, he returned to the United States as a traditional Sunni Muslim (and with a new name – El-Hajji Malik El-Shabazz). When Malcolm returned to the United States, he gave a speech about his visit. This time he gave a much larger meaning and message than before. The speech was not only for the Muslims, instead it was for the whole nation and for all races. He said, "Human rights are something you were born with. Human rights are your God-given rights. Human rights are the rights that are recognized by ...

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Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Tensions, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Assassination, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Media files, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - A Changed Man

In 1952, after his release from prison, Malcolm went to meet Elijah Muhammad in Chicago. Malcolm couldn't receive his African last name "X" yet because he simply hadn't had enough insight, study, and understanding of the Muslim religion. The "X" is meant to symbolize the rejection of his "slave-name" and the absence of a proper African Muslim name. The "X" is also both a reference to the name given to the slaves by the Anglo-European slave owners, unwilling to learn their African names; and is also the brand ...

See also:

Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Death and aftermath, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Nation of Islam

The Autobiography of Malcolm X (ISBN 0345350685) was written by Alex Haley between 1964 and 1965, based on interviews conducted shortly before Malcolm's assassination (with an epilogue written after it), and was published in 1965. The book was named by Time magazine as one of the 10 most important nonfiction books of the 20th century. "...belongs on the small shelf of great autobiographies", according to Wendy Smith of Amazon.com. Malcolm X Speaks: Selected Speeches and Statements ISBN 0802132138 edited by George Breitman. These speeches made during the last eight months of Malcolm ...

See also:

Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Death and aftermath, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches

Malcolm was born in Omaha, Nebraska as Malcolm Little to Earl Little and Louise Little (née Norton). His father, an outspoken Baptist lay preacher and supporter of Marcus Garvey, was believed to have been killed by the Black Legion, a white supremacist group in Lansing, Michigan in 1931. Malcolm and his siblings had been split up and sent to different foster homes when Louise Little was declared legally insane. In 1939, she was formally committed to the State Mental Hospital at Kalamazoo, Michigan, and remained there until Malcolm and his brothers a ...

See also:

Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Death and aftermath, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Birth and early years

In 1964, Life magazine published a famous photograph of Malcolm X holding an M1 Carbine and pulling back the curtains to peer out of a window. This photograph is a popular image on T-shirts and often appears with the slogan "By any means necessary." The photo was taken in connection with Malcolm's declaration that he would defend himself from the daily death threats which he and his family were receiving. The undercover FBI informants warned officials that Malcolm X had been marked for assassination. One officer undercover with the Nation of Islam is said to have reported that he had be ...

See also:

Malcolm X, Malcolm X - Name, Malcolm X - Birth and early years, Malcolm X - Prison, Malcolm X - Nation of Islam, Malcolm X - Marriage, Malcolm X - Hajj, Malcolm X - A Changed Man, Malcolm X - Africa, Malcolm X - Death and aftermath, Malcolm X - Funeral, Malcolm X - Biographies and speeches, Malcolm X - Notes

Read more here: » Malcolm X: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm X - Death and aftermath