In Roman mythology, Magna Mater deorum Idaea ("great Idaean mother of the gods") was the name for the originally Phrygian goddess Cybele, as well as Rhea. Her cult moved from Phrygia to Greece from the 6th century to the 4th. In 205 BC, Rome adopted her cult. Fuller details are at the entry for the Roman cult of Cybele. Category: Roman goddesses ...

Read more here: » Magna Mater deorum Idaea: Encyclopedia - Magna Mater deorum Idaea

Magna Mater (Latin). "Great Mother". A title given in days of old, to all the chief goddesses of the nations, such as Diana of Ephesus, Isis, Mauth, and many others.

(See also: Magna Mater, Theosophy, Spirituality, Body mind and Soul, Spiritual Dictionary, )

Magna Mater (Latin) The Great Mother, the mother of the gods, a title given to many Asiatic goddesses at the time when the Romans were in Asia; identified by the Greeks with Rhea, daughter of Ouranos and Gaia, wife of Kronos, and mother of Zeus and other gods. In Asia the name was given specially to Cybele, whose worship later became degraded into licentious rites. Every nation had its own chief goddess, or mother goddess, who was called Great Goddess, exactly as the Latins did with their own Magna Mater.

(See also: Magna Mater, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Attalus I (Soter "Savior") (269 BCE–197 BCE)1 ruled Pergamon, a Greek city state in present-day Turkey, from 241 BCE to 197 BCE. He was the second cousin and the adoptive son of Eumenes I2, whom he succeeded, and was the first of the Attalid dynasty to assume the title of king.3 He won an important victory over the Galatians, newly arrived Celtic tribes from Thrace, who had been, for more than a generation, plundering and exacting tribute thr ...

Including:

• Attalus I - Early life
• Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians
• Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor
• Attalus I - First Macedonian War
• Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE
• Attalus I - Second Macedonian War
• Attalus I - Wife and sons
• Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome
• Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia - Attalus I

Followers of the Wiccan, Dianic, and Neopagan religions, as well as some archeologists and mythographers, believe that long before the coming of the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, the Triple Goddess embodied the three-fold aspect of Gaia, the Earth Mother (Roman Magna Mater). A mother goddess was worshipped under a variety of names not only in the Ancient Near East and the ...

Including:

• Triple Goddess - Maiden Mother and Crone
• Triple Goddess - Maiden
• Triple Goddess - Mother
• Triple Goddess - Crone
• Triple Goddess - Lunar imagery
• Triple Goddess - Fates
• Triple Goddess - Other trifold goddesses

Read more here: » Triple Goddess: Encyclopedia - Triple Goddess

The Chaldean Oracles that are embodied in fragmentary texts of the 2nd century AD consist mainly of Hellenistic commentary on a single mystery-poem that was believed to have originated in Chaldea (Babylon), but had been re-rendered as a syncretic combination of neo-Platonic elements with others that were Persian or Babylonian in origin. Later neo-Platonists, such as Proclus, rated them highly. The 4th-century Emperor Julian suggests in his Hymn to the Magna Mater that he was an initiate of the God of the Seven Rays, and was an ...

Including:

• Chaldean Oracles - Origin
• Chaldean Oracles - Importance of the Oracles
• Chaldean Oracles - Chaldea
• Chaldean Oracles - Metaphysics of the Oracles
• Chaldean Oracles - Reference

Read more here: » Chaldean Oracles: Encyclopedia - Chaldean Oracles

Originally a Phrygian goddess, Cybele (Greek Κυβέλη, sometimes given the etymology "she of the hair" if her name is Greek, not Phrygian, but more widely considered of Luwian origin, from Kubaba; Roman equivalent: Magna Mater or "Great Mother") was a manifestation of the Earth Mother goddess who was worshipped in Anatolia from Neolithic times. Like Gaia or her Minoan equivalent Rhea, Cybele embodies the fertile earth, a goddess of caverns and mountains, walls and fortresses, nature, wild animals (especially lions and bees) ...

Including:

• Cybele - Cult history
• Cybele - Overview: Anatolia Greece and Rome
• Cybele - Anatolian Cybele
• Cybele - Cybele and Attis
• Cybele - Aegean Cybele
• Cybele - Roman Cybele
• Cybele - Notes

Read more here: » Cybele: Encyclopedia - Cybele

In 205 BCE, after the "Peace of Phoenice", Rome turned to Attalus, as its only friend in Asia, for help concerning a religious matter. An unusual number of meteor showers caused concern in Rome, and an inspection was made of the Sibylline Books, which discovered verses saying that if a foreigner were to make war on Italy, he could be defeated if the Magna Idaea, the Mother Goddess, associated with Mount Ida in Phrygia, were brought from Pessinus to Rome. M. Valerius Laevinus heading a distinguished delegation, was dispatched to Pergamon, to ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome

According to Pausanias "the greatest of his achievements" was the defeat of the "Gauls"(Γαλάται)5. Pausanias was referring to the Galatians, immigrant Celts from Thrace, who had recently settled in Galatia in central Asia Minor, and whom the Romans and Greeks called Gauls, associating them with the Celts of what is now France, Switzerland, and northern Italy. Since the time of Philetaerus, the uncle of Eumenes I and the first Attalid ruler, the Galatian ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians

Little is known about Attalus' early life. He was the son of Attalus, and Antiochis.4 The elder Attalus, was the son of a brother (also called Attalus) of Philetaerus, the founder of the Attalid dynasty, and Eumenes, the father of Eumenes I, Philetaerus' successor; he is mentioned, along with his uncles, as a benefactor of Delphi. He won fame as a charioteer, winning at Olympia, and was honored with a monument at Pergamon. Attalus was a young child when his father died, sometime before 241 BCE, after which he was ado ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - Early life

Several years after the first victory over the Gauls, Pergamon was again attacked by the Gauls together with their ally Antiochus Hierax, the younger brother of Seleucus II Callinicus, and ruler of Seleucid Asia Minor from his capital at Sardis. Attalus defeated the Gauls and Antiochus at the battle of Aphrodisium and again at a second battle in the east. Subsequent battles were fought and won against Antiochus alone, in Hellespontine Phrygia, (where Antiochus was perhaps seeking refuge with his father-in law, Ziaelas the king of Bithynia), ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor

Attalus, now thwarted in the east, turned his attention westward. Perhaps because of concern for the ambitions of Philip V of Macedon, Attalus had sometime before 219 BCE become allied with Philips' enemies the Aetolian League, a union of Greek states in Aetolia, in central Greece, having funded the fortification of Elaeus, an Aetolian stronghold in Calydonia, near the mouth of the river Achelous.18 Philip's alliance with Hannibal of Carthage in 215 BCE also caused concern in Rome, then involved in the Second ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - First Macedonian War

Prevented by the treaty of Phoenice from expansion in the east, Philip set out to extend his power in the Aegean and in Asia Minor. In the spring of 201 BCE he took Samos and the Egyptian fleet stationed there. He then besieged Chios to the north. These events caused Attalus, allied with Rhodes, Byzantium and Cyzicus, to enter the war. A large naval battle occurred in the strait between Chios and the mainland, just southwest of Erythrae. According to Polybius, fifty-three decked warships and over one hundred and fifty smaller warships ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE

In 200 BCE, Attalus became involved in the Second Macedonian War. Acarnanians with Macedonian support invaded Attica, causing Athens, which had previously maintained its neutrality, to seek help from the enemies of Philip.36 Attalus, with his fleet at Aegina, received an embassy from Athens, to come to the city for consultations. Informed that Roman ambassadors were also at Athens, Attalus went there in haste. His reception at Athens was extraordinary.37 Polybius writes: … ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - Second Macedonian War

Attalus married Apollonis, from Cyzicus. They had four sons, Eumenes, Attalus, Philetaerus and Athenaeus (after Apollonis' father).47 Polybius describes Apollonis as: … a woman who for many reasons deserves to be remembered, and with honor. Her claims upon a favourable recollection are that, though born of a private family, she became a queen, and retained that exalted rank to the end of her life, not by the use of meretricious fascinations, but by the virtue and integrity of her conduct in private ...

See also:

Attalus I, Attalus I - Early life, Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians, Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor, Attalus I - First Macedonian War, Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE, Attalus I - Second Macedonian War, Attalus I - Wife and sons, Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome, Attalus I - Notes

Read more here: » Attalus I: Encyclopedia II - Attalus I - Wife and sons

In the Aegean, Anatolian, and ancient Near Eastern culture zones, a Mother Goddess was worshipped in the forms of Cybele (revered in Rome as Magna Mater, the 'Great Mother'), of Gaia, and of Rhea. The Olympian goddesses of classical Greece had many characters with mother goddess attributes, including Hera, Demeter and Athena. In Minoan Crete one of her aspects was the Mistress of the Animals (Potnia Theron) who some say devolved into the huntress Artemis; the archaic Artemis of many breasts ...

See also:

Mother goddess, Mother goddess - Matriarchy and goddess history, Mother goddess - Sumerian Mesopotamian and Greek goddesses, Mother goddess - Celtic goddesses, Mother goddess - Norse goddesses, Mother goddess - Olympian goddesses, Mother goddess - Hinduism, Mother goddess - Shaktism, Mother goddess - Mother goddess worship in Catholicism, Mother goddess - Neopaganism

Read more here: » Mother goddess: Encyclopedia II - Mother goddess - Olympian goddesses

Great Mother. See CYBELE; MAGNA MATER; RHEA

(See also: Great Mother, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Great Mother. See CYBELE; MAGNA MATER; RHEA

(See also: Great Initiator, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Alilat Goddess whom the Arabs symbolized by the two lunar horns, equivalent to the Assyrian Mylitta, Magna Mater, Adonaia (Venus), etc. (BCW 11:97)

(See also: Alilat, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Sodales (Latin) Members or fellows of a fraternity, society, or recognized corporation, hence members of a mystic, secret, or occult fraternity. It suggests the Shemitic, as in the Hebrew sod (both an assembly or fraternity, and a secret and sacred mystery). Cicero in his De Senectute speaks of sodalities in the Idaean Mysteries of the Magna Mater (great mother, mystic nature).

(See also: Sodales, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary)