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Madhyamaka | A Wisdom Archive on Madhyamaka | | Madhyamaka A selection of articles related to Madhyamaka | |
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madhyamaka, Madhyamaka, Yogacara, Prasangika, Svatantrika, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā, Consciousness-only, Two Truths Doctrine
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Madhyamaka | |
| | |  Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Pratitya-samutpada - Madhyamaka and Pratitya-samutpada
Though the formulations above appear might seem to imply that pratitya-samutpada is a straightforward causal model, in the hands of the Madhyamaka school, Pratitya-samutpada is used to demonstrate the very lack of inherent causality, in a manner that appears somewhat similar to the ideas of David Hume.
The conclusion of the Mādhyamikas is that causation, like being, must be regarded as a merely conventional truth (saṃvṛti), and that to take it as really (or essentially) existing would be both a logical error and a ...
See also:Pratitya-samutpada, Pratitya-samutpada - Dependent Origination, Pratitya-samutpada - General formulation, Pratitya-samutpada - Applications, Pratitya-samutpada - Four Noble Truths, Pratitya-samutpada - Twelve Nidanas, Pratitya-samutpada - Madhyamaka and Pratitya-samutpada, Pratitya-samutpada - The reversibility of dependent arising Read more here: » Pratitya-samutpada: Encyclopedia II - Pratitya-samutpada - Madhyamaka and Pratitya-samutpada |
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| | | | Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Pratitya-samutpada - General formulation A general formulation of this concept goes:
With this as condition,
That arises.
With this NOT as condition,
That does NOT arise.
An example to illustrate:
You go on summer holiday to a hot climate, such as Arizona, Spain or Australia. It's a hot clear day and you're sunbathing by the hotel pool with the sun beating down on you. You will begin to feel hot, sweaty, uncomfortable, and soon feel thirsty. You go get yourself a drink to quench your thirst, and think "I ...
See also:Pratitya-samutpada, Pratitya-samutpada - Dependent Origination, Pratitya-samutpada - General formulation, Pratitya-samutpada - Applications, Pratitya-samutpada - Four Noble Truths, Pratitya-samutpada - Twelve Nidanas, Pratitya-samutpada - Madhyamaka and Pratitya-samutpada, Pratitya-samutpada - The reversibility of dependent arising Read more here: » Pratitya-samutpada: Encyclopedia II - Pratitya-samutpada - General formulation |
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| | | | Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Pratitya-samutpada - Applications The general formulation has two very well known applications.
Pratitya-samutpada - Four Noble Truths.
The first application is to suffering, and is known as the Four Noble Truths:
1. Duhkha: There is suffering. Suffering is an intrinsic part of life also experienced as dissatisfaction, discontent, unhappiness, impermanence.
2. Samudaya: There is a cause of suffering, which is attachment or desire (tanha).
3. Nirodha: There is a way out of suffering, which is to eliminate attachment and desire.
4. Marga: The path that leads o ...
See also:Pratitya-samutpada, Pratitya-samutpada - Dependent Origination, Pratitya-samutpada - General formulation, Pratitya-samutpada - Applications, Pratitya-samutpada - Four Noble Truths, Pratitya-samutpada - Twelve Nidanas, Pratitya-samutpada - Madhyamaka and Pratitya-samutpada, Pratitya-samutpada - The reversibility of dependent arising Read more here: » Pratitya-samutpada: Encyclopedia II - Pratitya-samutpada - Applications |
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| | | | Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Buddhist philosophy - Historical development of Buddhist philosophy
Buddhist philosophy - Early development.
The philosophical outlook of Earliest Buddhism was primarily negative, in the sense that it focused on what doctrines to reject more than on what doctrines to accept. This dimension has been preserved by the Madhyamaka school. It includes critical rejections of all views, which is a form of philosophy, but it is reluctant to posit its own. Only knowledge that is useful in achieving enlightenment is valued. The cycle of philosophical upheavals that in part dro ...
See also:Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist philosophy - Introduction, Buddhist philosophy - Buddhism as philosophy?, Buddhist philosophy - Philosophical areas addressed in Buddhism, Buddhist philosophy - Epistemology, Buddhist philosophy - Metaphysics and phenomenology, Buddhist philosophy - Interpenetration, Buddhist philosophy - Ethics, Buddhist philosophy - Historical development of Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist philosophy - Early development, Buddhist philosophy - Later developments, Buddhist philosophy - Comparison with other philosophies, Buddhist philosophy - Some Buddhist philosophers Read more here: » Buddhist philosophy: Encyclopedia II - Buddhist philosophy - Historical development of Buddhist philosophy |
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| | | | Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Shunyata - Śunyata in presecular Buddhism in the Nikayas Sunnata. (Skt. Shunyata) "Emptiness" (sunnata) in Pali contexts is not the metaphysical Zero (Nonbeing as the principle of Being, Infinite Possibility as distinguished from Indefinite Actuality), but a characteristic of this world, as in S IV.295 96, where it has been explained that when the Almsman returns from a deathlike Contemplation in which consciousness and feeling have been arrested, "three touches touch him,” "emptiness (sunnato)," "formlessness (animito)" and "making no plans (appanihito phasso)," and he discriminates (viveka) ac ...
See also:Shunyata, Shunyata - Origin and development of śūnyatā, Shunyata - Śunyata in presecular Buddhism in the Nikayas, Shunyata - Śunyata in the Heart Sutra, Shunyata - Śunyata in Nāgārjuna, Shunyata - Śunyata in the Tathagatagarbha Sutras Read more here: » Shunyata: Encyclopedia II - Shunyata - Śunyata in presecular Buddhism in the Nikayas |
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| | | | Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Buddhist philosophy - Philosophical areas addressed in Buddhism
Buddhist philosophy - Epistemology.
Decisive in distinguishing Buddhism from what is commonly called Hinduism is the issue of epistemological justification. The schools of Indian logic recognize a certain set of valid justifications for knowledge, while Buddhism recognizes a smaller set. Both accept perception and argument, for example, but for the orthodox schools (of Hinduism), the received textual tradition (e.g., the Vedas) is in itself an epistemological category equal to perception and argument (although th ...
See also:Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist philosophy - Introduction, Buddhist philosophy - Buddhism as philosophy?, Buddhist philosophy - Philosophical areas addressed in Buddhism, Buddhist philosophy - Epistemology, Buddhist philosophy - Metaphysics and phenomenology, Buddhist philosophy - Interpenetration, Buddhist philosophy - Ethics, Buddhist philosophy - Historical development of Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist philosophy - Early development, Buddhist philosophy - Later developments, Buddhist philosophy - Comparison with other philosophies, Buddhist philosophy - Some Buddhist philosophers Read more here: » Buddhist philosophy: Encyclopedia II - Buddhist philosophy - Philosophical areas addressed in Buddhism |
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| | | | Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Shunyata - Śunyata in Nāgārjuna For Nāgārjuna, who provided the most important philosophical formulation of śūnyatā, emptiness as the mark of all phenomena means is a natural consequence of dependent origination; indeed, he identifies the two. In his analysis, any enduring essential nature (i.e., fullness) would prevent the process of dependent origination, would prevent any kind of origination at all, for things would simply always have been and always continue to be. That things happen is proof that things lack the kind of nature ...
See also:Shunyata, Shunyata - Origin and development of śūnyatā, Shunyata - Śunyata in presecular Buddhism in the Nikayas, Shunyata - Śunyata in the Heart Sutra, Shunyata - Śunyata in Nāgārjuna, Shunyata - Śunyata in the Tathagatagarbha Sutras Read more here: » Shunyata: Encyclopedia II - Shunyata - Śunyata in Nāgārjuna |
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| | | | Madhyamaka: Encyclopedia II - Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Quotations
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 1:1.
Neither from itself nor from another,
Nor from both,
Nor without a cause,
Does anything whatever, anywhere arise.
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 15:10.
अस्तीति शाश्वतग्राहो नास्तीत्युच्चेददर्शनं
astīti śāśvatagrāho nāstītyuccedadarśanaṁ
(To say) "Is," is eternity-grasping; (to say) "Is not," is a nihi ...
See also:Mūlamadhyamakakārikā, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Competing interpretations, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Form and content of the text, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - The early chapters, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - The later chapters, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Nāgārjuna's opponents, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Mūlamadhyamakakārikā and epistemology, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 27:30, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Translations, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Quotations, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 1:1, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 15:10, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 16:10, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 18:6-12, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 22:11, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 22:16, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 24:18, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 25:19-20, Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - 25:22-24 Read more here: » Mūlamadhyamakakārikā: Encyclopedia II - Mūlamadhyamakakārikā - Quotations |
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