The lung is the essential organ of respiration in air-breathing vertebrates. Its principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and excrete carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This it accomplishes with its mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs where gas exchange takes place. Lungs also have nonrespiratory functions. Medical terms related to the lung often begin with pulmo-, from the Latin pulmonarius ("of the lungs"), cogn ...

Including:

• Lung - The respiratory function of the lung
• Lung - Nonrespiratory functions of the lung
• Lung - Mammalian lungs
• Lung - Anatomy
• Lung - Avian lungs
• Lung - Reptilian lungs
• Lung - Amphibian lungs
• Lung - Arachnid lungs
• Lung - Crustacean lungs
• Lung - Origins

Read more here: » Lung: Encyclopedia - Lung

See also:

Lung, Lung - The respiratory function of the lung, Lung - Nonrespiratory functions of the lung, Lung - Mammalian lungs, Lung - Anatomy, Lung - Avian lungs, Lung - Reptilian lungs, Lung - Amphibian lungs, Lung - Arachnid lungs, Lung - Crustacean lungs, Lung - Origins

Read more here: » Lung: Encyclopedia II - Lung - Mammalian lungs

Birds have a complex but highly efficient crosscurrent exchange system in their lungs, accompanied by air sacs to control the flow of gas through it. See bird respiration for a detailed account of this system. The lungs of birds differ significantly from those of mammals. In addition to the lungs themselves, birds have posterior and anterior air sacs (typically nine) which control air flow through the lungs, but do not play a direct role in gas exchange. They hav ...

See also:

Lung, Lung - The respiratory function of the lung, Lung - Nonrespiratory functions of the lung, Lung - Mammalian lungs, Lung - Anatomy, Lung - Avian lungs, Lung - Reptilian lungs, Lung - Amphibian lungs, Lung - Arachnid lungs, Lung - Crustacean lungs, Lung - Origins

Read more here: » Lung: Encyclopedia II - Lung - Avian lungs

A book lung is a rudimentary type of lung found in arachnids, such as scorpions and spiders, and in horseshoe crabs. They are not evolutionarily related to mammalian lungs. Their name describes their structure, as they are "folded" like a book. The unfolded "pages" (plates) of the book lung are filled with hemolymph (the arthropod blood). The unfolding maximizes the surface exposed to air, and thereby the chances of gas exchange with the environment. In most species, no motion of the plates is ...

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The American Lung Association is a non-profit organization which "fights lung disease in all its forms, with special emphasis on asthma, tobacco control and environmental health". It was founded in 1904 to fight tuberculosis as the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. Other names were National Tuberculosis Association (NTA) (1920?) and National Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease Association (1968) ...

Including:

• American Lung Association - External link

Read more here: » American Lung Association: Encyclopedia - American Lung Association

A heart-lung machine (HLM) is a device that temporarily takes over the function of the lungs and heart. It is sometimes also called cardiac bypass pump, in reference to its use in coronary artery bypass surgery, and cardiac pump. They are operated by allied health professionals known as perfusionists. Heart-lung machine - Uses of the heart-lung machine. Heart-lung machines are frequently used in heart surgery because it is difficult or even impossible to operate on the beating heart.

• Heart-lung machine - Uses of the heart-lung machine
• Heart-lung machine - Surgeries in which heart-lung machines are used
• Heart-lung machine - Components of a heart-lung machine
• Heart-lung machine - Pump
• Heart-lung machine - Oxygenator
• Heart-lung machine - History

Read more here: » Heart-lung machine: Encyclopedia - Heart-lung machine

Aqua-lung was the original name for the first open-circuit SCUBA diving equipment, developed by Emile Gagnan and Jacques Cousteau in 1942. It consists of a high pressure diving cylinder and a diving regulator that supplies the diver with breathing gas at ambient pressure, via a demand valve. Before that, there were a few attempts at constant-flow compressed-air breathing sets. Aqualung and Aqua Lung are registered trademarks for diving equipment. In Britain, for very many years after public interest in scuba divin ...

Read more here: » Aqua-lung: Encyclopedia - Aqua-lung

Pneumoconiosis is a lung condition caused by the inhalation of dust, characterized by formation of nodular fibrotic changes in lungs. Many substances can cause pneumoconiosis including asbestos, silica, talc and metals. Depending on the type of dust, variants of the disease are considered. For example there are silicosis, also known as grinders' disease; and pneumosilicosis, which is caused by the inhalation of the dust of stone, sand, or flint containing silica. Because many common minerals co ...

Including:

• Pneumoconiosis - Incidents
• Pneumoconiosis - Types
• Pneumoconiosis - Bauxite pneumoconiosis
• Pneumoconiosis - Black lung disease

Read more here: » Pneumoconiosis: Encyclopedia - Pneumoconiosis

Whales exhibit various types of physical behaviour when they surface. This article describes the different behaviours commonly observed at sea and the possible reasons for the behaviour. Whale behaviour - Breaching lunging and porpoising. A breach or a lunge is a leap out of the water. The act of leaping generates more power than any other act performed by a non-human animal. The distinction between the two is fairly arbitrary. Cetacean researcher Hal Whitehead chooses to define a breac ...

Including:

• Whale behaviour - Breaching lunging and porpoising
• Whale behaviour - Spyhopping
• Whale behaviour - Lobtailing and slapping

Read more here: » Whale behaviour: Encyclopedia - Whale behaviour

A bong or water pipe is a device that is usually used for smoking herbs, typically cannabis [1], salvia divinorum, tobacco, and much less frequently other substances such as methamphetamine. Because many countries have laws against owning drug paraphernalia a bong being sold openly, such as at a head shop, is likely advertised as for tobacco use only but this can vary according to location. During operation the user inhales through the device which causes smoke to fill a chamber; this smoke is usually first bubbled throu ...

Including:

• Bong - Operation
• Bong - Principles
• Bong - Motivations
• Bong - Bong water
• Bong - Cleaning
• Bong - Description
• Bong - Additional parts
• Bong - Materials
• Bong - Variety
• Bong - Bubbler
• Bong - Gravity bong
• Bong - Lung
• Bong - Popper

Read more here: » Bong: Encyclopedia - Bong

Alveolar ducts are the tiny end tubules of the branching airways that fill the lungs. Each lung holds approximately 1.5 to 2 million of them. The tubules divide into alveolar sacs at the distal end. Other related archivesdistal, lungs

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Bronchial Artery The bronchial arteries supply nutrients and oxygen to the root of the lungs, the supporting tissues of the lungs, and the visceral pleura of the lungs. The right and left bronchial arteries supply the right and left lungs respectively. It is a common mistake to believe that the lungs take their only blood supply from the right side of the heart, which is the side of the heart that pumps blood to the lungs to be oxygenated. The bronchial arteries instead take their blood supply from the left side of the heart, w ...

Read more here: » Bronchial artery: Encyclopedia - Bronchial artery

Yoga when used as a form of alternative medicine is a combination of breathing exercises, physical postures, and meditation, practiced for over 5,000 years. Template:CamMenu In India, yoga is a daily part of life. It is common to see people performing yoga in the morning or speaking about food diets and body therapy entirely based on Yoga or the Hindu healing system of Ayurveda. A survey released in May 2004 by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine focused on who used complementary ...

Including:

• Yoga alternative medicine - Overview
• Yoga alternative medicine - Hatha yoga

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In medicine, the field of (cardio)thoracic surgery or cardiovascular surgery is involved in the surgical treatment of diseases affecting organs inside the thorax, i.e. "the chest." In general it will mean conditions of the heart (cardiovascular disease) and lungs (lung disease). A thoracic surgeon will be involved in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG), Heart valve, lungvolume reduction, heart- and lungtransplantation, dysrhythmia and thoracic aortic dissection-operations. Cardiothoracic surgery - HistoryIncluding:

• Cardiothoracic surgery - History
• Cardiothoracic surgery - Procedures

Read more here: » Cardiothoracic surgery: Encyclopedia - Cardiothoracic surgery

The lungs are surrounded by two membranes, the pleura. The outer pleura is attached to the chest wall and is known as the parietal pleura; the inner one is attached to the lung and other visceral tissues and is known as the visceral pleura. In between the two is a thin space known as the pleural cavity or pleural space. It is filled with pleural fluid, a serous fluid produced by the pleura. The pleural fluid lubricates the pleural surfaces and allows the layers of pleura to slide against each ...

Read more here: » Pleural cavity: Encyclopedia - Pleural cavity

A Counterblaste to Tobacco was written by James I of England in 1604. It is one of the earliest anti-tobacco publications. Although it is written in a very archaic style and is rife with medical theories currently refuted by Western medical practitioners (eg. the Four humors) it makes some valid points, specifically regarding lung irritations and secondhand smoke. Other related archives1604, Four humors, James I of England, eg, lung, secondhand smoke

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Vocal apparatus is a term used in phonetics to designate all parts of human anatomy that can be used to produce speech. This includes the lips, tongue, teeth, hard and soft palates, uvula, larynx, lungs, etc. Other related archiveshuman anatomy, larynx, lips, lungs, palates, phonetics, speech, teeth, tongue, uvula

Read more here: » Vocal apparatus: Encyclopedia - Vocal apparatus

Apnea (British spelling - apnoea) (Greek απνοια, from α-, privative, πνεειν, to breathe) is a technical term for suspension of external breathing. During apnea there is no movement of the muscles of respiration and the volume of the lungs initially remains unchanged. Depending on the patency of the airways there may or may not be a flow of gas between the lungs and the environment; gas exchange within the lungs and cellular respiration is not affected. Apnea can be voluntarily achieved (i.e., "holding one's breath" ...

Including:

• Apnea - Mechanism
• Apnea - Hyperventilation
• Apnea - Apneic oxygenation

Read more here: » Apnea: Encyclopedia - Apnea

The lungs of mammals have a spongy texture and are honeycombed with epithelium having a much larger surface area in total than the outer surface area of the lung itself. The lungs of humans are typical of this type of lung. The environment of the lung is very moist, which makes it a hospitable environment for bacteria. Many respiratory illnesses are the result of bacterial or viral infection of the lungs. Breathing is largely driven by the diaphragm below, a muscle that by contracting expands the cavity in which the lung is enclosed. The rib cage itself is also abl ...

See also:

Lung, Lung - Respiratory function, Lung - Nonrespiratory functions, Lung - Mammalian lungs, Lung - Anatomy, Lung - Avian lungs, Lung - Reptilian lungs, Lung - Amphibian lungs, Lung - Arachnid lungs, Lung - Crustacean lungs, Lung - Origins

Read more here: » Lung: Encyclopedia II - Lung - Mammalian lungs

Birds have a complex but highly efficient crosscurrent exchange system in their lungs, accompanied by air sacs to control the flow of gas through it. See bird respiration for a detailed account of this system. The lungs of birds differ significantly from those of mammals. In addition to the lungs themselves, birds have posterior and anterior air sacs (typically nine) which control air flow through the lungs, but do not play a direct role in gas exchange. They hav ...

See also:

Lung, Lung - Respiratory function, Lung - Nonrespiratory functions, Lung - Mammalian lungs, Lung - Anatomy, Lung - Avian lungs, Lung - Reptilian lungs, Lung - Amphibian lungs, Lung - Arachnid lungs, Lung - Crustacean lungs, Lung - Origins

Read more here: » Lung: Encyclopedia II - Lung - Avian lungs