List of deceased cardinals

The Sacred College of Cardinals is the body of all Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church. The body plays two roles for the church: participating in papal elections when the Holy See is vacant, and advising the Pope about Church matters when he summons them to a consistory. Historically, they were also the clergy of the city of Rome serving the Pope as the Bishop of Rome and were assigned duties in parishes of the city. The College has no ruling power except during the sede vacante period, where its powers are still extr ...

Including:

• College of Cardinals - Choosing the pope
• College of Cardinals - Members of the College of Cardinals
• College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Bishops
• College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Priests
• College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Deacons

Read more here: » College of Cardinals: Encyclopedia - College of Cardinals

A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking just below the Pope and appointed by him as a member of the College of Cardinals during a consistory. The duties of the cardinals are to attend the meetings of the Sacred College and to make themselves available individually if the Pope desires their counsel. Most cardinals have additional duties either leading many of the c ...

Including:

• Cardinal Catholicism - Orders
• Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal
• Cardinal Catholicism - Other privileges
• Cardinal Catholicism - History
• Cardinal Catholicism - Cardinals in popular culture

Read more here: » Cardinal Catholicism: Encyclopedia - Cardinal Catholicism

According to Canon 350 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, the College of Cardinals is presently divided into three orders: the episcopal order (Cardinal Bishops), the presbyteral order (Cardinal Priests), the most numerous group, the diaconal order (Cardinal Deacons). Most cardinal bishops are those to whom the Pope assigns the title of a suburbicarian church; that group elects a Dean of the College of Cardinals to be the head of the college, the ...

See also:

Cardinal Catholicism, Cardinal Catholicism - Orders of cardinalate, Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal, Cardinal Catholicism - Other privileges, Cardinal Catholicism - History, Cardinal Catholicism - Cardinals in popular culture

Read more here: » Cardinal Catholicism: Encyclopedia II - Cardinal Catholicism - Orders of cardinalate

The following is the list of Cardinals as of December 2005. Cardinals are shown in order of precedence, based on seniority by date of appointment. Stephen Cardinal Kim Sou-hwan is considered the most senior member of the College by length of service, as he was listed first of those surviving from the 1969 consistory. However, Angelo Cardinal Sodano, as dean of the College of Cardinals, has the highest precedence as a Cardinal Bishop. Cardinals aged over 80 are indicated with an asterisk (*), and no others will turn 80 before February ...

See also:

College of Cardinals, College of Cardinals - Choosing the pope, College of Cardinals - Members of the College of Cardinals, College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Bishops, College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Priests, College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Deacons

Read more here: » College of Cardinals: Encyclopedia II - College of Cardinals - Members of the College of Cardinals

According to Canon 350 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, the College of Cardinals is divided into three orders: the episcopal order (Cardinal Bishops), the presbyteral order (Cardinal Priests), the most numerous group, the diaconal order (Cardinal Deacons). Most cardinal bishops are those to whom the Pope assigns the title of a suburbicarian church; that group elects a Dean of the College of Cardinals to be the head of the college, the first among equ ...

See also:

Cardinal Catholicism, Cardinal Catholicism - Orders, Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal, Cardinal Catholicism - Other privileges, Cardinal Catholicism - History, Cardinal Catholicism - Cardinals in popular culture

Read more here: » Cardinal Catholicism: Encyclopedia II - Cardinal Catholicism - Orders

In addition to the named cardinals, a pope may name cardinals in pectore, Latin for in the breast. A cardinal named in pectore is known only to the pope; not even the cardinal so named is necessarily aware of his elevation. Cardinals are named in pectore to protect them or their congregations from reprisals if their identities were known. If conditions change such that a secret cardinal would be safe, the pope may at any time make public a previously in pectore cardinal, who ranks in precedence with ...

See also:

Cardinal Catholicism, Cardinal Catholicism - Orders of cardinalate, Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal, Cardinal Catholicism - Other privileges, Cardinal Catholicism - History, Cardinal Catholicism - Cardinals in popular culture

Read more here: » Cardinal Catholicism: Encyclopedia II - Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal

The cardinals did not always elect the Pope: the Pope was originally elected by the clergy and the people of the Roman Church, but during the medieval times, as the Roman nobility gained too great an influence, as the Holy Roman Emperors interfered into the choosing of a pope and as the papacy gained importance as an international figure, the right of election was given to the cardinals in 1159. The Pope could substitute another body of electors for the College of Cardinals at any time; in fact there have been proposals in the past to ...

See also:

Cardinal Catholicism, Cardinal Catholicism - Orders of cardinalate, Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal, Cardinal Catholicism - Other privileges, Cardinal Catholicism - History, Cardinal Catholicism - Cardinals in popular culture

Read more here: » Cardinal Catholicism: Encyclopedia II - Cardinal Catholicism - History

In addition to the named cardinals, a pope may name cardinals in pectore, Latin for in the breast. A cardinal named in pectore is known only to the pope; not even the cardinal so named is necessarily aware of his elevation. Cardinals are named in pectore to protect them or their congregations from reprisals if their identities were known. If conditions change such that a secret cardinal would be safe, the pope may at any time make public a previously in pectore cardinal, who ranks in precedence with ...

See also:

Cardinal Catholicism, Cardinal Catholicism - Orders, Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal, Cardinal Catholicism - Other privileges, Cardinal Catholicism - History, Cardinal Catholicism - Cardinals in popular culture

Read more here: » Cardinal Catholicism: Encyclopedia II - Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal

The cardinals did not always elect the Pope: the Pope was originally elected by the clergy and the people of the Roman Church, but during the medieval times, as the Roman nobility gained too great an influence, as the Holy Roman Emperors interfered into the choosing of a pope and as the papacy gained importance as an international figure, the right of election was given to the cardinals in 1159. The Pope could substitute another body of electors for the College of Cardinals at any time; in fact there have been proposals in the past to ...

See also:

Cardinal Catholicism, Cardinal Catholicism - Orders, Cardinal Catholicism - Secret cardinal, Cardinal Catholicism - Other privileges, Cardinal Catholicism - History, Cardinal Catholicism - Cardinals in popular culture

Read more here: » Cardinal Catholicism: Encyclopedia II - Cardinal Catholicism - History

Since January 1, 1971, cardinals over the age of 80 have not had a vote in papal election, under the terms of Pope Paul VI's motu proprio Ingravescentem Aetatem. The rules for the election of the pope are now those stated in Universi Dominici Gregis, published by Pope John Paul II on 22 February 1996. It now states that cardinals over the age of 80 at the day the see become vacant do not have a vote in the papal election. Although the rules of the Conclave explicitly say the Pope need not be chosen from amo ...

See also:

College of Cardinals, College of Cardinals - Choosing the pope, College of Cardinals - Members of the College of Cardinals, College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Bishops, College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Priests, College of Cardinals - Cardinals of the Order of Deacons

Read more here: » College of Cardinals: Encyclopedia II - College of Cardinals - Choosing the pope