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List of computer viruses | A Wisdom Archive on List of computer viruses | | List of computer viruses A selection of articles related to List of computer viruses | |
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List of computer viruses
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ARTICLES RELATED TO List of computer viruses | |
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| | |  List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Methods to avoid detectionIn order to avoid detection by users, some viruses employ different kinds of obfuscation. Some old viruses, especially on the MS-DOS platform, make sure that the "last modified" date of a host file stays the same when the file is infected by the virus. This approach does not fool anti-virus software, however.
Some viruses can infect files without increasing their sizes or damaging the files. They accomplish this by overwriting unused areas of executable files. These are called cavity viruses. For example the CIH virus, or Chern ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - CIH computer virus - Virus specifics CIH spreads under the Portable Executable file format under Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows ME. CIH does not spread under Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Windows XP.
Due to the fact that CIH infects a Portable Executable file, it fills in the gaps of empty space commonly seen in PE files. Hence, that earned CIH another name, "Spacefiller". The size of the virus is 1 kilobyte, but files do not grow at all. It uses methods of ju ...
See also:CIH computer virus, CIH computer virus - History, CIH computer virus - Virus specifics, CIH computer virus - CIH v1.2/CIH.1103, CIH computer virus - CIH v1.3/CIH.1010A and CIH1010.B, CIH computer virus - CIH v1.4/CIH.1019, CIH computer virus - CIH.1049, CIH computer virus - CIH.1106 Read more here: » CIH computer virus: Encyclopedia II - CIH computer virus - Virus specifics |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Melissa computer worm - Worm Specifications Melissa can spread on word processor Microsoft Word 97 and Word 2000. It can mass mail itself from e-mail client (MUA) Microsoft Outlook 97 or Outlook 98. The worm does not work on any other versions of Word, including Word 95. The worm cannot mass mail itself by any other mail client, even Outlook Express.
If a Word Document containing the virus, either LIST.DOC or another file infected, is downloaded and opened, then the macro in the document, which had the virus, runs and attempts to mass mail itself.
When the macro mass mails, it collects the first 50 entries from the alias list, or address ...
See also:Melissa computer worm, Melissa computer worm - History, Melissa computer worm - Worm Specifications, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.A/Original Version, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.I/Empirical, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.O, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.U, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.V, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.W, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.AO Read more here: » Melissa computer worm: Encyclopedia II - Melissa computer worm - Worm Specifications |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Malware for profit: spyware botnets loggers and dialers During the 1980s and 1990s, it was usually taken for granted that malicious programs were created as a form of vandalism or prank. More recently, the greater share of malware programs have been written with a financial or profit motive in mind. This can be taken as the malware authors' choice to monetize their control over infected systems: to turn that control into a source of revenue.
Since 2003 or so, the most costly form of malware -- in terms of time and money spent in recovery -- has been the broad category known as spywareSee also: Malware, Malware - Goals, Malware - Infectious malware: viruses and worms, Malware - Capsule history of viruses and worms, Malware - Concealment: Trojan horses and rootkits, Malware - Malware for profit: spyware botnets loggers and dialers, Malware - Malware tools and aids, Malware - Exploit, Malware - Rootkit, Malware - Curing an infection Read more here: » Malware: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Malware for profit: spyware botnets loggers and dialers |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Malware tools and aids
Malware - Exploit.
An exploit is a piece of software that attacks a particular security vulnerability. Exploits are not necessarily malicious in intent — they are often devised by security researchers as a way of demonstrating that a vulnerability exists. However, they are a common component of malicious programs such as network worms.
Malware - Rootkit.
A rootkit is software inserted onto a computer system after an attacker has gained control of the system. Rootkits often in ...
See also:Malware, Malware - Goals, Malware - Infectious malware: viruses and worms, Malware - Capsule history of viruses and worms, Malware - Concealment: Trojan horses and rootkits, Malware - Malware for profit: spyware botnets loggers and dialers, Malware - Malware tools and aids, Malware - Exploit, Malware - Rootkit, Malware - Curing an infection Read more here: » Malware: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Malware tools and aids |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Melissa computer worm - History First found on March 26, 1999, Melissa shut down Internet mail systems that got clogged with infected e-mails propogating from the worm.
Melissa was first distributed in the Usenet discussion group alt.sex. The virus was inside a file called "List.DOC," which contained passwords that allow access into 80 pornographic websites. The worm's original form was sent via e-mail to many people.
Melissa was written by David L. Smith in Aberdeen Township, New Jersey, and named after a lap dancer he encountered in Florida. The creator of ...
See also:Melissa computer worm, Melissa computer worm - History, Melissa computer worm - Worm Specifications, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.A/Original Version, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.I/Empirical, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.O, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.U, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.V, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.W, Melissa computer worm - Melissa.AO Read more here: » Melissa computer worm: Encyclopedia II - Melissa computer worm - History |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Concealment: Trojan horses and rootkits For a malicious program to accomplish its goals, it must be able to do so without being shut down by the user or administrator of the computer it's on. Concealment can also help get the malware installed in the first place: by disguising a malicious program as something innocuous or desirable, users may be tempted to install it without knowing what it does. This is the technique of the Trojan horse or trojan.
Broadly speaking, a Trojan horse is any program that invites the user to run it, but conceals a harmful or malici ...
See also:Malware, Malware - Goals, Malware - Infectious malware: viruses and worms, Malware - Capsule history of viruses and worms, Malware - Concealment: Trojan horses and rootkits, Malware - Malware for profit: spyware botnets loggers and dialers, Malware - Malware tools and aids, Malware - Exploit, Malware - Rootkit, Malware - Curing an infection Read more here: » Malware: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Concealment: Trojan horses and rootkits |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Definition A virus is a type of program that can replicate itself by making (possibly modified) copies of itself. The main criterion for classifying a piece of executable code as a virus is that it spreads itself by means of 'hosts'. A virus can only spread from one computer to another when its host is taken to the uninfected computer, for instance by a user sending it over a network or carrying it on a removable medium. Additionally, viruses can spread to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Definition |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Goals Over the years, people have written malicious software for a number of different purposes.
Many early infectious programs, including the Internet Worm and a number of MS-DOS viruses, were written as experiments or pranks -- generally intended to be harmless or merely annoying, rather than to cause serious damage. Young programmers, learning about the possibility of viruses and the techniques used to write them, might write one just to prove that they can do it, o ...
See also:Malware, Malware - Goals, Malware - Infectious malware: viruses and worms, Malware - Capsule history of viruses and worms, Malware - Concealment: Trojan horses and rootkits, Malware - Malware for profit: spyware botnets loggers and dialers, Malware - Malware tools and aids, Malware - Exploit, Malware - Rootkit, Malware - Curing an infection Read more here: » Malware: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Goals |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Use of the word virus The term "virus" was first used in an academic publication by Fred Cohen in his 1984 paper Experiments with Computer Viruses, where he credits Len Adleman with coining it. However, a 1972 science fiction novel by David Gerrold, When H.A.R.L.I.E. Was One, includes a description of a fictional computer program called "VIRUS" that worked just like a virus (and was countered by a program called "ANTIBODY"); and John Brunner's 1975 novel The Shockwave Rider describes programs known as "tapeworms" which spread through a networ ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Use of the word virus |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Definition A virus is a type of program that can replicate itself by making (possibly modified) copies of itself. The main criterion for classifying a piece of executable code as a virus is that it spreads itself by means of 'hosts'. A virus can only spread from one computer to another when its host is taken to the uninfected computer, for instance by a user sending it over a network or carrying it on a removable media. Additionally, viruses can spread to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by a ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Definition |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - CIH computer virus - History In September 1998, Yamaha shipped a firmware update to their CD-R400 Drives that were infected with the virus. In October 1998, a demo version of the Activision game SiN that was propagated by users got infected due to contact with an infected file on a certain user's machine. That company's infection came from a group of Aptiva PC's shipped by IBM during March 1999 with the CIH virus pre-installed. The computers were shipped around a month before the CIH payload activated for the first time in the public eye on April 26, 1999. This w ...
See also:CIH computer virus, CIH computer virus - History, CIH computer virus - Virus specifics, CIH computer virus - CIH v1.2/CIH.1103, CIH computer virus - CIH v1.3/CIH.1010A and CIH1010.B, CIH computer virus - CIH v1.4/CIH.1019, CIH computer virus - CIH.1049, CIH computer virus - CIH.1106 Read more here: » CIH computer virus: Encyclopedia II - CIH computer virus - History |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - History A program called "Elk Cloner" is credited with being the first computer virus to appear "in the wild" -- that is, outside the single computer or lab where it was created. Written in 1982 by Rich Skrenta, it attached itself to the Apple DOS 3.3 operating system and spread by floppy disk.
The first PC virus was a boot sector virus called (c)Brain, created in 1986 by two brothers, Basit and Amjad Farooq Alvi, operating out of Lahore, Pakistan. The brothers reportedly created the virus to deter pirated copies of software they had written.[1] However, analysts have claimed that the Ashar virus, a variant of Brain, possibly p ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - History |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses Unlike biological viruses, computer viruses do not simply evolve by themselves, except in the cases where copying errors and recombination have led to actual evolution of computer viruses; however, these cases are very rare compared to the rapid generation of new malware by human programmers. They cannot come into existence spontaneously, nor can they be created by bugs in regular programs. They are deliberately ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software
Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses.
Another analogy to biological viruses: just as genetic diversity in a population decreases the chance of a single disease wiping out a population, the diversity of software systems on a network similarly limits the destructive potential of viruses.
This became a particular concern in the 1990s, when Microsoft gained market dominance in desktop operating systems and office suites. Users who use Microsoft software (especially networking soft ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Replication Strategies In order to replicate itself, a virus must be permitted to execute code and write to memory. For this reason, many viruses attach themselves to executable files that may be part of legitimate programs. If a user tries to start an infected program, the virus' code may be executed first. Viruses can be divided into two types, on the basis of their behavior when they get executed. Nonresident viruses immediately search for other hosts that can be infected, infect these targets, and finally transfer control to the application program they infect ...
See also:Computer virus, Computer virus - Definition, Computer virus - Use of the word virus, Computer virus - History, Computer virus - Why people create computer viruses, Computer virus - Replication Strategies, Computer virus - Nonresident viruses, Computer virus - Resident viruses, Computer virus - Host types, Computer virus - Methods to avoid detection, Computer virus - Avoiding bait files and other undesirable hosts, Computer virus - Stealth, Computer virus - Self-modification, Computer virus - Viruses and legitimate software, Computer virus - The vulnerability of operating systems to viruses, Computer virus - The role of software development, Computer virus - Anti-virus software and other countermeasures Read more here: » Computer virus: Encyclopedia II - Computer virus - Replication Strategies |
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| | | | List of computer viruses: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Infectious malware: viruses and worms The best-known types of malware, viruses and worms, are known for the manner in which they spread, rather than any other particular behavior. Originally, the term computer virus was used for a program which infected other executable software, while a worm transmitted itself over a network to infect computers. Today, the words are often used interchangeably.
Today, some draw the distinction between viruses and worms by saying that a virus requires user intervention to spread, whereas a worm spreads automatic ...
See also:Malware, Malware - Goals, Malware - Infectious malware: viruses and worms, Malware - Capsule history of viruses and worms, Malware - Concealment: Trojan horses and rootkits, Malware - Malware for profit: spyware botnets loggers and dialers, Malware - Malware tools and aids, Malware - Exploit, Malware - Rootkit, Malware - Curing an infection Read more here: » Malware: Encyclopedia II - Malware - Infectious malware: viruses and worms |
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