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List of Bulgarian monarchs | A Wisdom Archive on List of Bulgarian monarchs | | List of Bulgarian monarchs A selection of articles related to List of Bulgarian monarchs | |
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| | |  List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - RussiaIn 1547, Ivan IV of Russia, of the Moscovian dynasty, changed his title from "Veliki Kniaz (Grand Duke) of the whole Rus" to "tsar of the whole Rus" as a symbol of change in the nature of the Russian state. In 1721 Peter I adopted the title Emperor (Император [Imperator]), by which he and his heirs were recognised, and which continued to be used informally as synonym of Tsar.
Actually the new style was adopted precisely to underline a claim that Russia, by now a rising major power in Europe, invoking a marriage ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - Imperium maius, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles for Russian Tsar's family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Sources an References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Russia |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Russia In 1547, Ivan IV of Russia, of the Moscovian dynasty, changed his title from "Veliki Kniaz (Grand Duke) of the whole Rus" to "tsar of the whole Rus" as a symbol of change in the nature of the Russian state. In 1721 Peter I adopted the title Emperor (Император [Imperator]), by which he and his heirs were recognised, and which continued to be used informally as a synonym of Tsar.
Actually, the new style was adopted precisely to underline a claim that Russia, by now a rising major power in Europe, invoking a marria ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles in the Russian Royal/Imperial family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Metaphorical uses, Tsar - Sources and References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Russia |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Asen dynasty - Origins The origins of the dynasty, especially the ethnic background of the three Asen brothers (Peter, Asen and Kaloyan) are still a source of much controversy, debated between Romanian and Bulgarian historians. The medieval sources regard the first three rulers of the dynasty, Teodor I Peter IV, Ivan Asen I and Kaloyan, to be of Vlach origin.
There are three main hypothesis regarding their origins:
Vlach origin (Romanian or Aromanian), a view supported by many Romanian historians, who say that there's no reason to questi ...
See also:Asen dynasty, Asen dynasty - Rulers from the Asen dynasty, Asen dynasty - Origins, Asen dynasty - Name Read more here: » Asen dynasty: Encyclopedia II - Asen dynasty - Origins |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Etymology and spelling The word tsar is derived from the Latin title Caesar by way of the Old Slavonic tsesar (цесарь). The word is cognate with German Kaiser, Gothic káisar, Dutch keizer, Danish kejser, Swedish kejsare, and Norwegian keiser. The contraction of цесарь into царь occurred by the way of shorthand writing of titles in old Slavonic church manuscripts, see Titlo article. One may see the examples of this, e.g., in th ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles in the Russian Royal/Imperial family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Metaphorical uses, Tsar - Sources and References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Etymology and spelling |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Serbia The title "Tsar" was also used in Serbia, but only by two monarchs - Stefan Dusan and Stefan Uroš V in the 14th century. Previous and later monarchs in medieval Serbia used the royal title King.
However when Serbia, emerging as a princedom as it throws of Ottoman domination, is again accepted as a kingdom, its ruler, in fact the last knjaz (prince), adopts another, native royal title, kralj, and so the king's full style is, 6 March 1882 - 1 December 1918 (New Style): Po milosti Bozjoj i volji narodnoj kralj Srbije "By the grace of God and the will ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles in the Russian Royal/Imperial family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Metaphorical uses, Tsar - Sources and References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Serbia |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Metaphorical uses Like many lofty titles, e.g. moghol, Tsar or Czar has been used as a metaphore for positions of high authority, in English since 1866 (referring to U.S. President Andrew Johnson), with a connotation of dictatorial powers and style, fitting since Autocrat was an official title of the Russian Emperor (informally referred to as 'the Czar').
However this use is not limited to statesmen, e.g. 'drug tsar' for the head of ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles in the Russian Royal/Imperial family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Metaphorical uses, Tsar - Sources and References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Metaphorical uses |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Asen dynasty - Name The name of the dynasty is most likely of Cuman Turkic origin, derived from "esen" which meant "safe, sound, healthy" and the Belgun nickname seems to be derived from Tukic "bilgün", which meant "wise". This could be explained by the fact that in other places, early Romanians used names of Cuman origin, for example a diploma of 1383 in Sibiu had a list of names of Romanians, which included among names of Romanian and Slavic origin, a few names of Cuman origin.
Alternately, the name could also be of Pecheneg origin, since that language was rather similar to Cuman, ho ...
See also:Asen dynasty, Asen dynasty - Rulers from the Asen dynasty, Asen dynasty - Origins, Asen dynasty - Name Read more here: » Asen dynasty: Encyclopedia II - Asen dynasty - Name |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Bulgaria Prince Boris I is sometimes referred as tsar, because at his time Bulgaria was Christianized. However, the title "tsar" was adopted fully and used as the ruler's royal style in Bulgaria by his son Simeon I, following a decisive victory over the Byzantine Empire in 913.
It was also used by all of Simeon I's successors (927-1018;1185-1396) until the fall of Bulgaria under Ottoman rule in 1396. After Bulgaria's liberation from the Ottomans in 1878, its new monarchs adopted the title tsar again a ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles in the Russian Royal/Imperial family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Metaphorical uses, Tsar - Sources and References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Bulgaria |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - History of usage "Tsar" is a corrupted Slavonic transliteration from the Roman "Caesar", which has a complex history, ending in utter devaluation as the Byzantine empire, which forged ever loftier princely styles for the imperial houses in its long history, commonly handed out 'honorary princeships' to 'allies' (and enemies it needed to placate) of ranks no longer high enough to be reserved for the porphyrogenetes, such as Caesar.
Throughout history, the terms Emperor ("Imperator") and Tsar were used informally as if interchangeable for the Russian so ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles in the Russian Royal/Imperial family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Metaphorical uses, Tsar - Sources and References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - History of usage |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Serbia The title "Tsar" was also used by Serbian rulers in the middle of the 14th century.
However when Serbia, emerging as a princedom as it throws of Ottoman domination, is again accepted as a kingdom, its ruler, in fact the last knjaz (prince), adopts another, native royal title, kralj, and so the king's full style is, 6 March 1882 - 1 December 1918 (New Style): Po milosti Bozjoj i volji narodnoj kralj Srbije "By the grace of God and the will ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - Imperium maius, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles for Russian Tsar's family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Sources an References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Serbia |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Bulgaria Tsar was first adopted and used as the ruler's royal style in Bulgaria by Simeon I following a decisive victory over the Byzantine Empire in 913.
It was also used by all of Simeon I's successors until the fall of Bulgaria under Ottoman rule in 1396. After Bulgaria's liberation from the Ottomans in 1878, its new monarchs adopted the title tsar again and used it between 1908 and 1946.
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See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - Imperium maius, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles for Russian Tsar's family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Sources an References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Bulgaria |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - History of usage "Tsar" is a corrupted Slavonic transliteration from the Roman "Caesar", which has a complex history, ending in utter devaluation as the Byzantine empire, which forges ever new, loftier princely styles for the imperial houses in its long history, commonly handed out 'honorary princeships' to 'allies' (and ennemies it needed to placate) of ranks no longer high enough to be reserved for the porphyrogenetes, such as Caesar.
Throughout history, the terms Emperor ("Imperator") and Tsar were used informally as if interchangable for the Russi ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - Imperium maius, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles for Russian Tsar's family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Sources an References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - History of usage |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Etymology and spelling The word tsar is derived from the Latin title Caesar by way of the Old Slavonic tsesar (цесарь). The word is cognate with German Kaiser, Gothic káisar, Dutch keizer, Danish kejser, Swedish kejsare, and Norwegian keiser. The contraction of цесарь into царь occurred by the way of shorthand writing of titles in old Slavonic church manuscripts, see Titlo article. One may see the examples of this, e.g., in th ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - Imperium maius, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles for Russian Tsar's family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Sources an References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Etymology and spelling |
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| | | | List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government modern entities See also: List of national leaders (in office), state leaders by year.
Lists of office-holders - Middle East & North Africa.
Algeria
Heads of state of Algeria
Heads of government of Algeria (see also: Prime Ministers of Algeria with information specific to that post)
Colonial heads of Algeria
Colonial heads of Oran
Rulers of Kel Ahaggar
Rulers of Qusantina (Constantine)
Rulers of Tuggurt
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See also:Lists of office-holders, Lists of office-holders - Heads of international organizations, Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government defunct entities, Lists of office-holders - Ancient world, Lists of office-holders - Middle Ages and Early Modern Period, Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government modern entities, Lists of office-holders - Middle East & North Africa, Lists of office-holders - Other Africa, Lists of office-holders - America Central and the Caribbean, Lists of office-holders - America North, Lists of office-holders - America South, Lists of office-holders - Other Asia, Lists of office-holders - Oceania, Lists of office-holders - Europe, Lists of office-holders - Heads of modern subnational entities, Lists of office-holders - Australia, Lists of office-holders - Belgium, Lists of office-holders - Canada, Lists of office-holders - China People's Republic of, Lists of office-holders - Finland, Lists of office-holders - France, Lists of office-holders - Germany, Lists of office-holders - India, Lists of office-holders - New Zealand, Lists of office-holders - Sweden, Lists of office-holders - United States, Lists of office-holders - Ministers by portfolio, Lists of office-holders - Municipal leaders, Lists of office-holders - Religious leaders, Lists of office-holders - Christian, Lists of office-holders - Judaism, Lists of office-holders - Islam, Lists of office-holders - Buddhist, Lists of office-holders - Ancient Rome Read more here: » Lists of office-holders: Encyclopedia II - Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government modern entities |
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