A vortex is a spinning turbulent flow (or any spiral whirling motion) with closed streamlines. The shape of media or mass rotating rapidly around a center forms a vortex. It is a flow involving rotation about an axis (not always oriented vertically though; sometimes possessing a horizontal axis). Vortex - Dynamics. A vortex can be any circular or rotary flow that possesses vorticity.[1] Vorticity is a mathematical concept used in fluid dynamics. It can be related to the amou ...

Including:

• Vortex - Dynamics
• Vortex - Two special cases
• Vortex - Observations
• Vortex - Instances
• Vortex - References and further reading

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Acetonitrile is an organic molecule, often used as a solvent, with the chemical formula of CH3CN. Also known as methyl cyanide, it is the simplest of the organic nitriles. At normal temperatures, acetonitrile is a colorless liquid. Its molecular weight is 41.05, with a melting temperature of -45 °C and a boiling temperature of 81.6 °C. The four main producers of acetonitrile in the United States are: BP Chemicals, Dupont, J.T. Baker Chemical, and Sterling Chemicals. In 1992, 32.3 million pounds ( ...

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In chemistry, adsorption of a substance or adsorbate is its concentration on a particular surface of adsorbent. The result is the formation of a liquid or gas film on the surface of a solid body. Consider a clean surface exposed to a gaseous atmosphere. In the bulk material, all the bonding requirements (be they ionic, covalent or metallic) of the constituent atoms of the material are filled. However, by definition, the surface represents a disruption of these bonds. It is then energetically favourable for these dangling bonds ...

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• Adsorption - Examples of adsorption

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Anisole, also known as methoxybenzene, is a clear, colorless liquid with a pleasant smell similar to that of anise seed. Anisole is used in perfumery, in chemical syntheses, and is an insect pheromone. See also. Ether Phenol 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole (cork taint) Anethole ...

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Allotropy (Gr. allos, other, and tropos, manner), a name applied by Jöns Jakob Berzelius to the property possessed by certain substances of existing in forms with different chemical structures; the various forms are known as allotropes. Jöns Jakob Berzelius used the name in an entirely different sense (see Macmillan Encyclopedia of Chemistry, edited by J.J.Lagowski, 1997, Simon Schuster). Some classic examples of elements that have allotropes are phosphorus (in "red", "white", "purple" etc. forms), oxygen ...

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A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. Compression of a gas naturally increases its temperature. Compressors are closely related to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe. As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of a gas, whereas the main result of a pump raising the pressure of a liquid is to allow the liquid to be transported elsewhere. Gas compressor - Compressor designs< ...

Including:

• Gas compressor - Compressor designs
• Gas compressor - Applications
• Gas compressor - Temperature
• Gas compressor - Staged compression
• Gas compressor - Prime movers

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Vinegar (from Old French vinaigre, meaning "sour wine") is a sour-tasting liquid made from the oxidation of ethanol in wine, cider, beer, fermented fruit juice, or nearly any other liquid containing alcohol. It can also be made by certain bacteria operating on sugar-water solutions directly, without intermediary conversion to ethanol (see acetic acid). Vinegar - Production. Vinegar production may be started by the addition of mother of vinegar to wine or cider. Vinegar is a dilute form of acetic acid ...

Including:

• Vinegar - Production
• Vinegar - Culinary uses
• Vinegar - Types of vinegar
• Vinegar - White
• Vinegar - Malt
• Vinegar - Wine
• Vinegar - Apple cider
• Vinegar - Fruit vinegar
• Vinegar - Balsamic
• Vinegar - Rice
• Vinegar - Coconut
• Vinegar - Cane
• Vinegar - Raisin
• Vinegar - Beer
• Vinegar - Honey
• Vinegar - Chinese black
• Vinegar - Flavored vinegars
• Vinegar - Non-culinary uses
• Vinegar - Cleaning
• Vinegar - Medicine
• Vinegar - Miscellaneous

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The vapor pressure is the pressure (if the vapor is mixed with other gases, the partial pressure) of a vapor (this vapour being formed from molecules/atoms escaping from a liquid/solid). At any given temperature, for a particular substance, there is a pressure at which the vapor of that substance is in equilibrium with its liquid or solid forms. This is the equilibrium vapor pressure or saturation vapor pressure of that substance at that temperature. The term vapor pressure is often understood to mean the saturation vapo ...

Including:

• Vapor pressure - Equilibrium vapor pressure of solids
• Vapor pressure - Relation between solid and liquid vapor pressures
• Vapor pressure - Water vapor pressure

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Tar is a viscous black liquid derived from the destructive distillation of organic matter. Most tar is produced from coal as a byproduct of coke production, but it can also be produced from petroleum, peat or wood. Naturally occurring "tar pits" (e.g. the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles) actually contain asphalt, not tar, and are more accurately known as asphalt pits. In English and French, "tar" means primarily the coal derivative, but in northern Europe, it refers primarily to the wood distillate, which is used in th ...

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• Tar - Sources

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Soap is a surfactant cleaning compound used for personal or minor cleaning. It usually comes in solid moulded form, termed bars. In somewhat recent years, the use of thick liquid soap has become increasingly widespread, especially from dispensers in public washrooms. Soap is used in conjunction with water for washing and cleaning. The wet soap residue and the dirt or soil are rinsed off with clean water afterwards. In the developed world, synthetic deterg ...

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• Soap - Purification and finishing
• Soap - Use
• Soap - The history and process of soap making
• Soap - Handmade soap
• Soap - Disadvantages

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Waste is unwanted or undesired material. Waste can exist in any phase of matter (solid, liquid, or gas). When released in the latter two states, gas especially, the wastes are referred to as emissions. It is usually strongly linked with pollution. Waste - Sources of waste. Waste produced in the wild is reintegrated through natural recycling processes, such as dry leaves in a forest decomposing into soil. Outside of the wild these wastes may become problematic, such as dry leaves in an urban environme ...

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• Waste - Sources of waste
• Waste - Human waste

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Ozone (O3) is an allotrope of oxygen, the molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms instead of the more stable diatomic O2. Ozone is a pale blue gas at standard temperature and pressure. It forms a dark blue liquid below -112 °C and a dark blue solid below -193 °C. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is also unstable, decaying to ordinary oxygen through the reaction: 2O3Including:

• Ozone - Ozone layer
• Ozone - Discovery of ozone
• Ozone - Industrial production
• Ozone - Use in industry
• Ozone - Use in medicine
• Ozone - Air pollution
• Ozone - Other uses

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Tun can be: An old British measurement of liquid. A large cask for liquids, especially wine. A measure of liquid capacity, particularly one equivalent to around 252 imperial gallons (954 litres). A large cask, particularly one holding a volume equivalent to 2 butts, or 252 gallons. A Malay title, or honorific Other related archivesBritish, Malay title, butts, cask, gallons, honorific, liquid, litres, wine

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A wake is the region of turbulence immediately to the rear of a solid body caused by the flow of air or water around the body. In fluid dynamics, a wake is the region of turbulence around a solid body moving relative to the water, caused by the flow of liquid around the body. The wake leading the body is caused by the compression of the liquid medium by the moving body, and is often called a bow wake when observed preceding a watercraft. As with all wave forms, it spreads outward from the source until its energy is overcome ...

Including:

• Wake - External link

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A winter storm is a storm in which the dominant varieties of precipitation are forms that only occur at cold temperatures, such as snow or sleet, or a rainstorm where ground temperatures are cold enough to allow ice to form. In temperate continental climates, these storms are not restricted to the winter season, but may occur in the late autumn and early spring. Also, there are very rare occasions that they form in summer, though it would have to be an abnormally cold summer, such as the summer of 1816 in the Northeast United S ...

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• Winter storm - Snowstorms
• Winter storm - Secondary dangers
• Winter storm - Wintry mix
• Winter storm - Freezing rain and ice storms
• Winter storm - Arctic cyclones

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Western Chinese Wood (木) | Fire (火) | Earth (土) | Metal (金) | Water (水) Hinduism The Panchamahabhuta ("five great elements") Prithvi/Bhumi (Earth) Ap/Jala (Water) Agni/Tejas (Fire) Vayu/Pavan (Air/Wind) Akasha (Aether) Japanese The Godai ("five great") Earth (地) | Water ...

Including:

• Classical element - Classical elements in Greece
• Classical element - Classical elements in China
• Classical element - Classical elements in Hinduism
• Classical element - Classical elements in Japan
• Classical element - Classical elements during the Middle Ages
• Classical element - Astrology and the classical elements
• Classical element - Tarot and the classical elements
• Classical element - Classical elements in popular culture

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Wet could refer to: The condition of being liquid. Western European Time (WET). The wets, moderate members of the British Conservative Party. Phencyclidine (PCP), a dissociative anesthetic. The Wuest Expanded Translation (WET) of the New Testament. Wet, a magazine about "gourmet bathing" from the late 1970s. See also. Wetting, getting two different materials to adhere (stick) to each other. Wet Wet Wet, successful ...

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Mist is a phenomenon of a liquid in small droplets floating through air. It can occur naturally as part of natural weather or volcanic activity, and is common in cold air above hot water, in exhaled air in the cold, and in a steam room of a sauna. It can also be created artificially with aerosol canisters. Fog is closely related to mist. In many weather service purposes, the difference is decided to be that the visibility in fog is one kilome ...

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Impurities are substances inside a confined amount of liquid, gas, or solid, which differ from the chemical composition of the material or compound. Impurities are either naturally occurring or added during synthesis of a chemical or commercial product. During production, impurities may be purposely, accidentally, inevitably, or incidentally added into the substance. The level of impurities in a material are generally defined in relative terms. Standards have been established by various organizations that attempt to defi ...

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• Impurity - Destructive impurities
• Impurity - Constructive impurities
• Impurity - Impurities and nucleation

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Broth is a liquid in which meat, fish, cereal grains, or vegetables have been simmered and strained out. Broth is used as a basis for other edible liquids such as soup, gravy, or sauce. It is very flavourful and can be eaten alone or with garnish. Broth differs from soup stock, which requires only water and bones. Broth is not cooked as long as soup stock and does not have as full a flavour. ...

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An alloy is a combination, either in solution or compound, of two or more elements, which has a combination of at least one metal, and where the resultant material has metallic properties. An alloy with two components is called a binary alloy; one with three is a ternary alloy; one with four is a quaternary alloy. The result is a metallic substance with properties different from those of its components. Alloys are usually designed to have properties that are more desirable than those of their components. For instance, steel is stronger than iron, one of its main elements, and brass is more durable ...

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Absorption, in chemistry, is a physical or chemical phenomenon or a process in which atoms, molecules, or ions enter some bulk phase - gas, liquid or solid material. This is a different process from adsorption, since the molecules are taken up by the volume, not by surface. A more general term is sorption which covers adsorption, absorption, and ion exchange. If absorption is a physical process not accompanied by any other physical or chemical process, it usually follows the Nernst partition law: "the ratio of concentrations of some solute species in two bulk phases in contact is c ...

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• Absorption chemistry - Technical example

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