Linnaean taxonomy

Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia II - Linnaean taxonomy - Nomenclature

A strength of Linnaean taxonomy is that it can be used to develop a simple and practical system for organizing the different kinds of living organisms. The most important aspect of this is the general use of binomial nomenclature, the combination of a genus name and a specific epithet ("sapiens" in the example above), to uniquely identify each species of organism. In the example, humankind is uniquely identified by the binomial Homo sapiens. No other species of animal can have this binomial. In this way, every species is given a uniqu ...

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - Hierarchy

A hierarchy (in Greek: Ιεραρχία, it is derived from ιερός-hieros, sacred, and άρχω-arkho, rule) is a system of ranking and organizing things or people, where each element of the system (except for the top element) is subordinate to a single other element. The first usage in the Oxford English Dictionary for hierarchy is from 1380, where it was used in reference to the three orders of three angels as depicted by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. Areopagite used the word both in reference to t ...

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - Biology

Biology is the study, or science, of life. It is concerned with the characteristics and behaviors of organisms, how species and individuals come into existence, and the interactions they have with each other and with the environment. Biology encompasses a broad spectrum of academic fields that are often viewed as independent disciplines. However, together they address phenomena related to living organisms (biological phenomena) over a wide range of scales. Biology - Biological Phenomena. At the organism lev ...

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Biology - Scope of biology

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - Name

A name is a label for a thing, person, place, product (as in a brand name) and even an idea or concept, normally used to distinguish one from another. Names can identify a class or category of things, or a single thing, either uniquely, or within a given context. A name for a specific individual or plurality or ethnic group, (See List of peoples) is sometimes called a proper name, and is a proper noun. Other nouns are sometimes, more loosely, called names; an older term for them, now obsolete, is general name. ...

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - List of academic disciplines

This is a list of academic disciplines (and academic fields). An academic discipline is a branch of knowledge which is formally taught, either at the university, or via some other such method. Functionally, disciplines are usually defined and recognised by the academic journals in which research is published, and the learned societies to which their practitioners belong. Each discipline usually has several sub-disciplines or branch ...

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List of academic disciplines - Natural sciences

List of academic disciplines - Mathematics and computer science

List of academic disciplines - Social sciences

List of academic disciplines - Humanities and arts

List of academic disciplines - Professions / Applied sciences

Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - Cladistics

Cladistics (Greek: klados = branch) is a branch of biology that determines the evolutionary relationships between living things based on derived similarity. It is the most prominent of several phylogenetic systematics, which study the evolutionary relationships of living things. Cladistics is a method of rigorous analysis, using "shared derived properties" (synapomorphies: see below) of the organisms being studied. Cladistic analysis forms the basis for most modern systems of biological classification, which seek to grou ...

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - Binomial nomenclature

In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. As the word "binomial" suggests, the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms: the genus name and the species descriptor. Although the fine detail will differ, there are certain aspects which are universally adopted: Scientific names are usually printed in italics, such as Homo sapiens. When handwritten they should be underlined. The first term (genus name / generic name) is always capitali ...

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - Species

In biology, a species is the basic unit of biodiversity. In scientific classification, a species is assigned a two-part name in Latin. The genus is listed first (and capitalized), followed by a specific epithet. For example, humans belong to the genus Homo, and are in the species Homo sapiens. The name of the species is the whole binomial not just the second term (the specific epithet). The binomial, and most other purely formal aspects of the biological codes of nomenclature, were formalized by Carolus Linnaeus in the 1 ...

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Species - Historical development of the species concept

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia - Dinosaur

Dinosaurs are vertebrate animals that range from reptile-like to bird-like.[1] Dinosaurs dominated the terrestrial ecosystem for over 160 million years, first appearing around 230 million years ago. 65 million years ago, at the end of the Cretaceous period, all non-avian dinosaurs became extinct. Dinosaurs still exist today in the line of birds (avian dinosaurs). Knowledge about dinosaurs is derived from both fossil and non-fossil records, includ ...

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Dinosaur - What is a dinosaur?

Dinosaur - Study of dinosaurs

Dinosaur - Areas of debate

Dinosaur - Extinction theories

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Linnaean taxonomy: Encyclopedia II - Carolus Linnaeus - Biography

Carl Linnaeus was born at a farm called Råshult in Älmhult Municipality, the province of Småland in southern Sweden. Like his father and maternal grandfather, Linnaeus was groomed as a youth to be a churchman, but he showed little enthusiasm for it. His interest in botany impressed a physician from his town and he was sent to study at Lund University, transferring to Uppsala University after one year. During this time Linnaeus became convinced that in the stamens and pistils of flowers lay the basis for the classification of plants, and he wrote a short work on the subject that ...

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