If either a blood test or the onset of symptoms betray the presence of heartworms, treatment is indicated. Treatment is highly efficacious if the disease is diagnosed early in the disease process. Before the worms can be treated, however, the dog must be evaluated for good heart, liver, and kidney function to ensure the animal can survive the treatment. Any insufficiencies in these organs must be dealt with first, before treatment, as the eradication process can be taxing on organ function. Usually the adult worms are killed with an arsenic- ...

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Heartworm, Heartworm - History of the disease, Heartworm - Heartworm in North America, Heartworm - The parasite, Heartworm - Course of infestation, Heartworm - Symptoms of infestation, Heartworm - Epidemiology, Heartworm - Testing, Heartworm - Treatment, Heartworm - Prevention, Heartworm - Human health considerations

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The issue of rearing livestock for human benefit raises the issue of the relationship between humans and animals, in terms of the status of animals and obligations of people. Animal Welfare is the viewpoint that animals under human care should be treated in such a way that they do not suffer unnecessarily. What is ‘unnecessary’ suffering may vary. Generally though, the animal welfare perspective is based on an inte ...

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Livestock, Livestock - Origins of Livestock, Livestock - Types of livestock, Livestock - Purpose of Animal Rearing, Livestock - Farming practices, Livestock - Disease, Livestock - Livestock transportation and marketing, Livestock - Stock shows and fairs, Livestock - Animal welfare and rights, Livestock - Environmental impact, Livestock - Notes

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There are thought to be about 130 families in this order, but opinions frequently change among lepidoperists as to which these are. The treatment here is that adopted for the Natural History Museum database [1]. Generally, this uses the families included in the series of reviews published as Kristensen (1999), but for the superfamily Gelechoidea, it retains the system of Nye & Fletcher (1991) rather than the contentious treatment of Hodges in Kristensen. Also, the Riodinidae are retained as a family in anticipation of a publication by La ...

See also:

Lepidoptera, Lepidoptera - Families of Lepidoptera, Lepidoptera - List of currently accepted families, Lepidoptera - List of relegated families, Lepidoptera - Classification according to Fauna Europaea

Read more here: » Lepidoptera: Encyclopedia II - Lepidoptera - Families of Lepidoptera

Human - Anatomy and physiology. Main articles: Human anatomy, and Human physical appearance, and Human height, See also:

Human, Human - Terminology, Human - Biology, Human - Anatomy and physiology, Human - Life cycle, Human - Genetics, Human - Race and ethnicity, Human - Habitat, Human - Food and drink, Human - Population, Human - Evolution, Human - Intelligence, Human - Culture, Human - Origins, Human - Emotion and sexuality, Human - Language, Human - Music, Human - Government politics and the state, Human - Trade and economics, Human - War, Human - Artifacts science and technology, Human - Body image, Human - Mind, Human - Psychology and human ethology, Human - Philosophy, Human - Motivation, Human - Self-reflection and humanism, Human - Spirit

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Flesh-fly maggots occasionally eat other larvae although this is usually because the other larvae are smaller and get in the way. They also eat the larvae of grasshoppers and also eat beetles, snails, and caterpillars, especially the forest tent caterpillar. This habit can be useful for biological control. Flesh-flies and their larvae are also known to eat decaying vegetable matter and excrement and they may be found a ...

See also:

Flesh-fly, Flesh-fly - Identifying characteristics for the family Sarcophagidae, Flesh-fly - Biology, Flesh-fly - Association with disease, Flesh-fly - Media, Flesh-fly - Identification

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In ancient times, it was believed that liverworts cured diseases of the liver, hence the name. In Old English, the word liverwort literally means liver plant. This probably stemed from the superficial appearance of some thalloid liverworts (which resemble a liver in outline), and led to the common name of the group as hepatics, from the Latin word for liver. An unrelated flowering plant, Hepatica, is sometimes also refered to as liverwort because it was ...

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Marchantiophyta, Marchantiophyta - Overview, Marchantiophyta - Description, Marchantiophyta - Life cycle, Marchantiophyta - Classification

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List of Doctor Who aliens - Macra. The Macra appeared in the 1967 Second Doctor story The Macra Terror by Ian Stuart Black and they are an intelligent, giant crab-like species from an unnamed planet colonised by humanity in the future. In appearance, they resemble giant vast, lumbering crustaceans with extended eyes on stalks and formidable, enormous claws. The Macra invaded the control centre of the colony and seized the levers of power without the colonists - including their Pilot - knowing what h ...

See also:

List of Doctor Who aliens, List of Doctor Who aliens - A, List of Doctor Who aliens - Auton, List of Doctor Who aliens - B, List of Doctor Who aliens - C, List of Doctor Who aliens - Chelonian, List of Doctor Who aliens - Cyberman, List of Doctor Who aliens - D, List of Doctor Who aliens - Dalek, List of Doctor Who aliens - Draconian, List of Doctor Who aliens - E, List of Doctor Who aliens - F, List of Doctor Who aliens - Face of Boe, List of Doctor Who aliens - Foamasi, List of Doctor Who aliens - Forest of Cheem, List of Doctor Who aliens - G, List of Doctor Who aliens - Gelth, List of Doctor Who aliens - Graske, List of Doctor Who aliens - H, List of Doctor Who aliens - Haemovore, List of Doctor Who aliens - I, List of Doctor Who aliens - Ice Warrior, List of Doctor Who aliens - J, List of Doctor Who aliens - K, List of Doctor Who aliens - Kaled, List of Doctor Who aliens - Krynoid, List of Doctor Who aliens - L, List of Doctor Who aliens - M, List of Doctor Who aliens - Macra, List of Doctor Who aliens - Menoptra, List of Doctor Who aliens - Mentor, List of Doctor Who aliens - Monoid, List of Doctor Who aliens - Morok, List of Doctor Who aliens - Movellan, List of Doctor Who aliens - Moxx of Balhoon, List of Doctor Who aliens - N, List of Doctor Who aliens - Naglon, List of Doctor Who aliens - O, List of Doctor Who aliens - Ogron, List of Doctor Who aliens - Optera, List of Doctor Who aliens - P, List of Doctor Who aliens - Primord, List of Doctor Who aliens - Q, List of Doctor Who aliens - Quark, List of Doctor Who aliens - R, List of Doctor Who aliens - Reaper, List of Doctor Who aliens - Rill, List of Doctor Who aliens - Rutan Host, List of Doctor Who aliens - S, List of Doctor Who aliens - Sea Devil, List of Doctor Who aliens - Silurian, List of Doctor Who aliens - Slitheen, List of Doctor Who aliens - Sontaran, List of Doctor Who aliens - Sycorax, List of Doctor Who aliens - T, List of Doctor Who aliens - Terileptil, List of Doctor Who aliens - Tetrap, List of Doctor Who aliens - Thal, List of Doctor Who aliens - Tractator, List of Doctor Who aliens - U, List of Doctor Who aliens - V, List of Doctor Who aliens - Varga plant, List of Doctor Who aliens - Venom Grub, List of Doctor Who aliens - Vervoid, List of Doctor Who aliens - Vortisaur, List of Doctor Who aliens - W, List of Doctor Who aliens - Wirrn, List of Doctor Who aliens - Wolfweeds, List of Doctor Who aliens - X, List of Doctor Who aliens - Y, List of Doctor Who aliens - Yeti, List of Doctor Who aliens - Z, List of Doctor Who aliens - Zarbi, List of Doctor Who aliens - Zygon

Read more here: » List of Doctor Who aliens: Encyclopedia II - List of Doctor Who aliens - M

Eosinophilic pneumonia can develop in several different ways depending on the underlying cause of the disease. Eosinophils are thought to play a central role in defending the body against infection by parasites. Many diseases, such as asthma and eczema, are caused when eosinophils overreact to environmental triggers and release an excess of chemicals (cytokines) such as histamine. The common characteristic among different causes of EP is eosinophil overreaction or dysfunction in the lung. Eosinophilic p ...

See also:

Eosinophilic pneumonia, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Types of eosinophilic pneumonia, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Symptoms, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Pathophysiology, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Medications and environmental exposures, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Parasitic infections, Eosinophilic pneumonia - AEP and CEP, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Diagnosis, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Treatment, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Prognosis, Eosinophilic pneumonia - Epidemiology, Eosinophilic pneumonia - History

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All the energy we consume is generated by using the four fundamental interactions of nature: gravity, electromagnetism, the weak nuclear force and the strong nuclear force to create work. Fission energy and fusion energy are generated by electromagnetism and the strong nuclear force. Most forms of terrestrial energy can be traced back to fusion reaction inside the sun, with the exception of tidal power, geothermal energy and nuclear power. Geothermal energy is believed to be generated primarily by radioactive decay inside the Earth[2]. Radio ...

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Future energy development, Future energy development - General considerations, Future energy development - History of predictions about future energy development, Future energy development - Fossil fuels, Future energy development - Oil, Future energy development - Natural gas, Future energy development - Coal, Future energy development - Nuclear power, Future energy development - Renewable energy, Future energy development - Increased efficiency in current energy use, Future energy development - Energy storage and transportation fuel, Future energy development - Speculative

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The following castes do not appear in the movies and are thus not considered canon. Xenomorph - Praetorian. A royal elite guard to the Queen. Praetorians are larger than typical adults, but still only about half the size of the queen herself. Praetorians appear in the graphic novel series (and the Millennium/Orion books based on the same), such as Rogue and Female War (originally serialised as Earth War). They are also a playable class in the computer game Aliens vs. Predator ...

See also:

Xenomorph, Xenomorph - The name, Xenomorph - Characteristics, Xenomorph - Life cycle, Xenomorph - Behavioural & defensive attributes, Xenomorph - The Queen, Xenomorph - Birth, Xenomorph - Hive relationships, Xenomorph - Design, Xenomorph - Non-Canon castes, Xenomorph - Praetorian, Xenomorph - PredAlien, Xenomorph - Queen Mother, Xenomorph - Empress, Xenomorph - PredQueen, Xenomorph - Rogue, Xenomorph - K-Series, Xenomorph - Carrier/Ravager, Xenomorph - Xenoborg, Xenomorph - Human-Alien/Newborn, Xenomorph - Other non-canon castes, Xenomorph - Variations, Xenomorph - Body shape, Xenomorph - Tail, Xenomorph - Head, Xenomorph - Fingers, Xenomorph - Reproduction, Xenomorph - Debate, Xenomorph - DNA assimilation, Xenomorph - Caste/cowl, Xenomorph - Endoskeleton, Xenomorph - Genetic adaptability, Xenomorph - Theories, Xenomorph - Movie appearances

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Antarctic Krill are found thronging the surface waters of the Southern Ocean; they have a circumpolar distribution, with the highest concentrations located in the Atlantic sector. The northern boundary of the Southern Ocean with its Atlantic, Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean sectors is defined more or less by the Antarctic convergence, a circumpolar front where the cold Antarctic surface water submerges below the warmer subantarctic waters. This front runs roughly at 55° South; from there to the continent, the Southern Ocean cover ...

See also:

Antarctic krill, Antarctic krill - Systematics, Antarctic krill - Life cycle, Antarctic krill - Food, Antarctic krill - Filter feeding, Antarctic krill - Ice-algae raking, Antarctic krill - The biological pump and carbon sequestration, Antarctic krill - Biological peculiarities, Antarctic krill - Bioluminescence, Antarctic krill - Escape reaction, Antarctic krill - The compound eye, Antarctic krill - Geographical distribution, Antarctic krill - Position in the Antarctic ecosystem, Antarctic krill - Biomass and production, Antarctic krill - Decline with shrinking pack ice, Antarctic krill - Fisheries, Antarctic krill - Future visions and ocean engineering, Antarctic krill - Notes

Read more here: » Antarctic krill: Encyclopedia II - Antarctic krill - Geographical distribution

The distinction of "free-living" is important, because all sexually reproducing organisms can be thought to involve alternating phases, at least at the cellular level as meiosis. However, not all biologists agree. It is often stated that alternation of generations refers to both the diploid and haploid stages being "multicellular" and this is more important than "free-living" ^ . Such a distinctio ...

See also:

Alternation of generations, Alternation of generations - Distinctions, Alternation of generations - Fungi, Alternation of generations - Protists, Alternation of generations - Plants, Alternation of generations - Non-vascular plants, Alternation of generations - Vascular plants

Read more here: » Alternation of generations: Encyclopedia II - Alternation of generations - Distinctions

There are hundreds of secondary metabolites in the plant kingdom, and many are known to be phytotoxic (Einhellig, 2002). Allelopathic effects of these compounds are often observed to occur early in the life cycle, causing inhibition of seed germination and/or seedling growth. The compounds exhibit a wide range of mechanisms of action, from affects on DNA (alkaloids), photosynthetic and mitochondrial function (quinones), phytohormone activity, ion uptake, and water balance (phenolics). Interpretations of mechanisms of action are complicated by the fact that individual compounds can ...

See also:

Allelopathy, Allelopathy - Mechanisms of action, Allelopathy - Demonstrating allelopathy in nature, Allelopathy - Role of plant stress, Allelopathy - Examples of allelopathy

Read more here: » Allelopathy: Encyclopedia II - Allelopathy - Mechanisms of action

Anisakids pose a risk to human health in two ways: through infection with worms from the eating of under-processed fish, and through allergic reactions to chemicals left by the worms in fish flesh. Anisakis - Anisakiasis. Anisakiasis is the disease caused by infection with Anisakis worms. It is frequently reported in areas of the world where fish is consumed raw, lightly pickled or salted. The areas of highest prevalence are Scandinavia(from cod livers), Japan (after eating sushi and sashimi), the Netherla ...

See also:

Anisakis, Anisakis - Life cycle, Anisakis - Morphology, Anisakis - Health implications, Anisakis - Anisakiasis, Anisakis - Allergic reactions, Anisakis - Similar Parasites

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Although life is very sparse at these depths, black smokers are the center of entire ecosystems. Sunlight is nonexistent, so many organisms — such as archaea and extremophiles — must convert the heat, methane, and sulfur compounds provided by black smokers into energy through a process called chemosynthesis. In turn, more complex life forms like clams and tubeworms feed on these organisms. The organisms at the base of the food chain also deposit minerals into the ba ...

See also:

Black smoker, Black smoker - Black smoker ecosystem

Read more here: » Black smoker: Encyclopedia II - Black smoker - Black smoker ecosystem

Requirements analysis can be a long and arduous process. The requirements specialists do their work by talking to people, documenting their findings, analyzing the collected information to discover inconsistencies and oversights, and then talking to people again. This process can go on for a while, and may continue throughout the life cycle of a system. New systems change the environment and relationships between people, so it is important to identify all the stakeholders, make sure you take into account all their needs; and ensure th ...

See also:

Requirements analysis, Requirements analysis - The challenge, Requirements analysis - General problems, Requirements analysis - Stakeholder issues, Requirements analysis - Developer issues, Requirements analysis - Solutions, Requirements analysis - Main Techniques, Requirements analysis - Stakeholder interviews, Requirements analysis - Requirement workshops, Requirements analysis - Contract-style requirement lists, Requirements analysis - Prototypes, Requirements analysis - Use cases, Requirements analysis - Software Requirements Specification, Requirements analysis - Stakeholder identification, Requirements analysis - Literature

Read more here: » Requirements analysis: Encyclopedia II - Requirements analysis - Main Techniques

Prequels Predator (1987), directed by John McTiernan Predator 2 (1990), directed by Stephen Hopkins Alien vs. Predator (2004), directed by Paul W.S. Anderson Sequels 1986: Aliens, directed by James Cameron 1992: Alien³, directed by David Fincher 1997: Alien: Resurrection, directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet There is also a rumored Alien 5 movie. Although it was said that the script is, for the t ...

See also:

Alien film, Alien film - Plot, Alien film - Early versions, Alien film - Production, Alien film - Music, Alien film - Themes, Alien film - Influence, Alien film - Alien Special Edition a.k.a. Director's Cut 2003, Alien film - Feature films within the same storyline, Alien film - Quadrilogy plot-summary, Alien film - Spin-offs, Alien film - Trivia

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Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Pre to early history. Paleo-Native Americans were in the area about 12,000 years ago but did not leave much archaeological evidence. Northern Shoshone created trails through the Craters of the Moon Lava Field during their Summer migrations from the Snake River to the Camas Praire, west of the lava field. Stone windbreaks at Indian Tunnel were used to protect campsites from the dry summer wind and are among the most obvious signs of their temporary presence (no ...

See also:

Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Geography and geologic setting, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - History, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Pre to early history, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Goodale's Cutoff, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Exploration and early study, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Limbert's expedition, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Protection and later history, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Geology, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Biology, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Conditions, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Plants, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Mule Deer, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Recreational Activities, Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - Nearby protected areas

Read more here: » Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve: Encyclopedia II - Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve - History

Human - Anatomy and physiology. Main articles: Human anatomy, Human physical appearance, and Human height Human body types varies substantially, with many individuals diverging significantly from the mean height and weight. Some of this variation is caused by locality and historical factors. Although body size is largely determined by genes, it is also significantly influenced by diet and exercise. The mean height of a North American adult female is 162 ce ...

See also:

Human, Human - Terminology, Human - Biology, Human - Anatomy and physiology, Human - Life cycle, Human - Genetics, Human - Race and ethnicity, Human - Habitat, Human - Food and drink, Human - Population, Human - Evolution, Human - Intelligence, Human - Culture, Human - Origins, Human - Emotion and sexuality, Human - Language, Human - Music, Human - Government politics and the state, Human - Trade and economics, Human - War, Human - Artifacts science and technology, Human - Body image, Human - Mind, Human - Psychology and human ethology, Human - Philosophy, Human - Motivation, Human - Self-reflection and humanism, Human - Spirit

Read more here: » Human: Encyclopedia II - Human - Biology

Cell biology - Movement of proteins. Proteins are synthesized by ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This process is also known as protein biosynthesis or simply protein translation. Some proteins, such as those to be incorporated in membranes (membrane proteins), are transported into the ER during synthesis and further processed in the Golgi apparatus. From the Golgi, membrane proteins can move to the plasma membrane, to other subcellular comparments or they can be secreted from the cell. The ER and Golgi can be thought ...

See also:

Cell biology, Cell biology - Processes in cell biology, Cell biology - Movement of proteins, Cell biology - Techniques, Cell biology - Purification of cells and their parts

Read more here: » Cell biology: Encyclopedia II - Cell biology - Processes in cell biology

There are several ways of determining cost, and the profit can be added as either a percentage markup or an absolute amount. One example is: P = (AVC + FC%) * (1 + MK%) where: P = price AVC = average variable cost FC% = percentage allocation of fixed costs MK% = percentage markup For example: If variable costs are 30 yen, the allocation to cover fixed costs is 10 yen, and you feel you need a 50% markup then you would charge a price of 60 yen: P = ( ...

See also:

Cost-plus pricing, Cost-plus pricing - Calculating price using the cost-plus method, Cost-plus pricing - Advantages of cost-plus pricing, Cost-plus pricing - Disadvantages of cost-plus pricing

Read more here: » Cost-plus pricing: Encyclopedia II - Cost-plus pricing - Calculating price using the cost-plus method

Because viruses are acellular and do not have their own metabolism, they must utilize the machinery and metabolism of the host for the purpose of self-replication. Before a virus has entered a host cell, it is called a virion — a package of viral genetic material. Virions can be passed from host to host either through direct contact or through a vector, or carrier. Inside the organism, the virus can enter a cell in various ways. Bacteriophages—bacterial viruses—attach to the cell wall surface in specific places. Once attached, e ...

See also:

Virus, Virus - Origins and Beginnings, Virus - Size structure and anatomy, Virus - Replication, Virus - Population growth, Virus - Lifecycle, Virus - Lifeform debate, Virus - Study and applications, Virus - Exploring basic cellular processes, Virus - Viro-therapy, Virus - Genetic engineering, Virus - Materials science and nanotechnology, Virus - Human viral diseases, Virus - Laboratory diagnosis of pathogenic viruses, Virus - Prevention and treatment of viral diseases, Virus - Etymology

Read more here: » Virus: Encyclopedia II - Virus - Replication