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life cycle
A Wisdom Archive on life cycle

life cycle A selection of articles related to life cycle

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ARTICLES RELATED TO life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Digenea - Life cycles

Digenean fluke eggs leave the vertebrate host in faeces and use various strategies to infect the first intermediate host, in which sexual reproduction does not occur. Digenes may infect the first intermediate host (usually a snail) by either passive or active means. The eggs of some digenes, for example, are (passively) eaten by snails (or, rarely, by an annelid worm) in which they proceed to hatch. Alternatively, in many digenes, eggs hatch in water to release an actively swimming, ciliated larva, the miracidium, which must locate and pen ...

See also:

Digenea, Digenea - Morphology, Digenea - Key features, Digenea - Reproductive system, Digenea - Digestive system, Digenea - Nervous system, Digenea - Life cycles, Digenea - Human digenean infections, Digenea - Schistosomiasomes, Digenea - non-Schistosomiasomes, Digenea - Important publications

Read more here: » Digenea: Encyclopedia II - Digenea - Life cycles

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Hookworm - Hookworm life cycle

See the image for the biological life cycle of the hookworm. The hookworm larva lives in infected soil. The larva penetrates the skin on contact, e.g. when walking barefoot, enters the bloodstream and is transported to the lungs. From the lungs and bronchi it transfers to the stomach and intestine by coughing up and swallowing phlegm. The larva clings to the intestinal mucous membrane and develops into an adult hookworm, drawing its nourishment from the blood-vessels of their host, and as the parasites are found in hundreds in the bod ...

See also:

Hookworm, Hookworm - Hookworm life cycle, Hookworm - Treatment, Hookworm - External link

Read more here: » Hookworm: Encyclopedia II - Hookworm - Hookworm life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Decapodian - Reproduction and life cycle

Reproduction is seasonal. When males produce an excess of "male jelly" they become aggressive and violent. A hitherto hidden fin on their heads unfolds. The male engages in courtship displays on the beach to attract females. Love is unknown; the female chooses a male mate based on the strength of his displays. The actual reproductive act is a large, public group affair that is known as the "mating frenzy." After pairing, couples enter the water where the male releases his jelly into the cloacal vents of the female. It is portrayed in the "Wh ...

See also:

Decapodian, Decapodian - Biology and anatomy, Decapodian - Reproduction and life cycle, Decapodian - Claw plagh

Read more here: » Decapodian: Encyclopedia II - Decapodian - Reproduction and life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Ergot - Life cycle of the fungus

An ergot kernel called a sclerotium develops when a floret of flowering grass or cereal is infected by a spore of Claviceps fungus. The infection process mimicks a pollen grain growing into an ovary during fertilization. The fungus then destroys the plant ovary and attaches itself to a vascular bundle originally intended for seed nutrition. The first stage of ergot infection manifests itself as a white soft tissue (known as sphacelia) producing sugary honeydew, which often drops out of the grass florets. This honeydew contains ...

See also:

Ergot, Ergot - Life cycle of the fungus, Ergot - Effects on humans and animals, Ergot - History

Read more here: » Ergot: Encyclopedia II - Ergot - Life cycle of the fungus

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Spider - Life cycle

The spider life cycle progresses through three stages: the embryonic, the larval, and the nympho-imaginal (Foelix, 1996). Between the time an egg is fertilized and the spider begins to take the shape of a spider is referred to as the embryonic stage (Foelix, 1996). As the spider begins to look more like a spider it enters the larval stage (Foelix, 1996). It enters the larval stage as a prelarva and, through subsequent molts, it reaches its larval form, a spider-looking, non self-sufficient animal feeding off its yolk supply (Foelix, 1 ...

See also:

Spider, Spider - Morphology and development, Spider - Respiration and circulation, Spider - Vision, Spider - Defense, Spider - Life cycle, Spider - Reproduction, Spider - Do female spiders eat their mates?, Spider - Ecology, Spider - Predatory techniques, Spider - Spider webs and prey capture, Spider - Types of spiders and the severity of their bites, Spider - Tangleweb spiders Theridiidae, Spider - Orb web spiders Araneidae, Spider - Other forms of webs, Spider - Hunting spiders, Spider - Spiders which ambush their prey, Spider - Others, Spider - Spider bites, Spider - Black widows, Spider - Brown recluse spiders and hobo spiders, Spider - Huntsman spiders, Spider - Redback jumping spiders, Spider - Brazilian wandering spiders and Australian venomous funnel-web spiders, Spider - Taxonomy, Spider - Symbolism

Read more here: » Spider: Encyclopedia II - Spider - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Spider - Life cycle

The spider life cycle progresses through three stages: the embryonic, the larval, and the nympho-imaginal (Foelix, 1996). Between the time an egg is fertilized and the spider begins to take the shape of a spider is referred to as the embryonic stage (Foelix, 1996). As the spider begins to look more like a spider it enters the larval stage (Foelix, 1996). It enters the larval stage as a prelarva and, through subsequent molts, it reaches its larval form, a spider-looking, non self-sufficient animal feeding off its yolk supply (Foelix, 1 ...

See also:

Spider, Spider - Morphology and development, Spider - Respiration and circulation, Spider - Vision, Spider - Defense, Spider - Life cycle, Spider - Reproduction, Spider - Do female spiders eat their mates?, Spider - Ecology, Spider - Predatory techniques, Spider - Spider webs and prey capture, Spider - Types of spiders and the severity of their bites, Spider - Tangleweb spiders Theridiidae, Spider - Orb web spiders Araneidae, Spider - Other forms of webs, Spider - Hunting spiders, Spider - Spiders which ambush their prey, Spider - Others, Spider - Spider bites, Spider - Black widows, Spider - Brown recluse spiders and hobo spiders, Spider - Huntsman spiders, Spider - Redback jumping spiders, Spider - Brazilian wandering spiders and Australian venomous funnel-web spiders, Spider - Taxonomy, Spider - Symbolism, Spider - Spiders in Films and popular culture

Read more here: » Spider: Encyclopedia II - Spider - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Apple scab - Life cycle

The infection cycle begins in the springtime, when suitable temperatures and moisture promote the release of V. inaequalis ascospores from leaf litter around the base of previously infected trees. These spores rise into the air and land on the surface of a susceptible tree, where they germinate and form a germ tube that can directly penetrate the plant's waxy cuticle. A fungal mycelium forms between the cuticle and underlying epidermal tissue, starting as a yellow spot that grows and ruptures to reveal a black lesion bearing the asexu ...

See also:

Apple scab, Apple scab - Life cycle, Apple scab - Control

Read more here: » Apple scab: Encyclopedia II - Apple scab - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Drosophila embryogenesis - Life cycle

Drosophila are species of molting insects, meaning that they have two distinct stages of their life cycle with radically different body plans: larva and adults. During embryogenesis, the larva develops and then hatches from the egg. Cells that will produce adult structures are put aside in imaginal disks. During the pupal stage, the larval body breaks down as the imaginal disks grow and produce the adult body. This process is called complete metamorphosis. The mother fly produces oocytes that already have anterior-posterior ...

See also:

Drosophila embryogenesis, Drosophila embryogenesis - Life cycle, Drosophila embryogenesis - Tools

Read more here: » Drosophila embryogenesis: Encyclopedia II - Drosophila embryogenesis - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Christmas beetle - Life cycle

Larvae live underground, feeding on plant roots and decaying vegetation. They normally eat the roots of native grasses, but will also eat the roots of crops, lawns, and pasture. Vegetation in regions infested with Christmas beetle larvae withers and yellows; this is a common cause of dead or yellow patches seen in suburban Australian lawns. In late winter or early spring, larvae move to the surface of the soil and pupate. Several weeks later, adults emerge. They wait for rain to soften the soil, allowing them to burrow out. Spring thu ...

See also:

Christmas beetle, Christmas beetle - Life cycle, Christmas beetle - External link

Read more here: » Christmas beetle: Encyclopedia II - Christmas beetle - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Toxoplasma gondii - Life cycle

The life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii has two phases. The sexual part of the lifecycle takes place only in cats, the definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii. The asexual life cycle can take place in any warm-blooded animal, like other mammals and birds. In these intermediate hosts, the parasite invades cells forming a so-called parasitophorous vacuole. Within this vacuole T. gondii propagates by a series of binary fissions until the infected cell bursts. This fast replicating form of the asexually reproducing T. gondii ...

See also:

Toxoplasma gondii, Toxoplasma gondii - Life cycle, Toxoplasma gondii - Behavioral modifications of the host, Toxoplasma gondii - Human prevalence, Toxoplasma gondii - Fiction

Read more here: » Toxoplasma gondii: Encyclopedia II - Toxoplasma gondii - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Slug - Reproduction and life cycle

Slugs are hermaphroditic: having both female and male reproductive organs. Once a slug has located a mate they encircle each other and sperm is exchanged through their protruding genitalia. A few days later hundreds of eggs are laid in holes in the ground. Although some species hibernate over the winter in temperate climates, in most species the adults die in the autumn. A commonly seen practice among many slugs is apophallation, when one or both of the slugs chew off the other's penis. The penis of these species is curled like a cork ...

See also:

Slug, Slug - Mucus, Slug - Reproduction and life cycle, Slug - Predation defense and pest control

Read more here: » Slug: Encyclopedia II - Slug - Reproduction and life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - European lobster - Life cycle

The European lobster is solitary, nocturnal and territorial, living in holes or crevices in the sea floor during the day. In the summer, lobsters seek mates, and these migrations are the peak time for lobster fishery. The eggs are then carried by the female for around eleven months, meaning that egg-bearing females may be found throughout the year. After hatching, the planktonic larvae are released. Little is known about the subsequent stages, having rarely been observed. The smallest lobsters to be encounte ...

See also:

European lobster, European lobster - Range, European lobster - Life cycle, European lobster - Size, European lobster - Fishery

Read more here: » European lobster: Encyclopedia II - European lobster - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Glanville Fritillary - Life cycle

The Glanville Fritillary (Melitaea cinxia) is a medium sized orange, black and white "checkerspot" butterfly inhabiting open meadows. The the males patrol along roads and habitat edges, on the lookout for the less conspicuous females which remain in dense tussocks for long periods. Mating occurs around mid-day, and as the female often continues to fly from flower to flower, mating pairs are conspicuous. Throughout most of their range they have one generation per year, overwintering as larvae. In warm regions they have two generations ...

See also:

Glanville Fritillary, Glanville Fritillary - Life cycle, Glanville Fritillary - Glanville Fritillaries in the UK, Glanville Fritillary - Origin of Name

Read more here: » Glanville Fritillary: Encyclopedia II - Glanville Fritillary - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Varroa destructor - Life cycle

The female mite enters a honeybee brood cell. As soon as the cell is capped, the mite lays eggs. The young mites hatch in about the same time as the young bee develops and leave the cell with the host. The Swiss Bee Research Centre scientifically investigated the life cycle of the varroa in the capped cell and described it in a paper (Look under the cap). The model for the population dynamics is that there is exponential growth when bee brood is available and exponential decline when no brood is available. High mite populations in the ...

See also:

Varroa destructor, Varroa destructor - Origin, Varroa destructor - Anatomy, Varroa destructor - Life cycle, Varroa destructor - Reproduction, Varroa destructor - Worldwide Range Expansion, Varroa destructor - Control methods in beehive

Read more here: » Varroa destructor: Encyclopedia II - Varroa destructor - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Army ant - Life-cycle

Eciton army ants have a bi-phasic lifestyle where they alternate between a nomadic phase and a stationary stage. In the stationary or statary phase ('statary' is an old English word meaning "to stand in place"), which lasts about three weeks, the ants remain in the same location every night. They make a nest out of their own bodies, protecting the queen and her eggs in the middle. This temporary home is known as a bivouac. In the nomadic phase the ants move their entire colony to a new loc ...

See also:

Army ant, Army ant - Introduction to New World Army Ants, Army ant - Life-cycle, Army ant - Raiding, Army ant - References and further reading

Read more here: » Army ant: Encyclopedia II - Army ant - Life-cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Head louse - Life cycle

Lice eggs on the hair very close to the scalp are the primary sign of an active infestation. The female louse glues her eggs, sometimes called "nits", which look like tiny white beads, to hair shafts very close to the scalp. Eggs are very small, about the size of a period (full stop) in normal printing. Eggs may appear yellowish, brownish or greyish, but almost always lighter colored. Eggs normally undergo a 7-9 day incubation before hatching as a baby nymph. Classically, a louse egg does not become a "nit" until after it has completed its i ...

See also:

Head louse, Head louse - Description, Head louse - Life cycle, Head louse - Symptoms, Head louse - Treatment, Head louse - Use in Archaeogenetics

Read more here: » Head louse: Encyclopedia II - Head louse - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - HIV - Life cycle of HIV

HIV - Viral entry to the cell. The interaction between the glycoprotein gp120 on the HIV virion and its receptor, CD4 on the target cell, provokes conformational changes in gp120. This exposes a region of gp120, the V3 loop, which binds to a cytokine receptor on the target cell, such as CCR5 or CXCR4 depending on the strain of HIV. Without a coreceptor, fusion does not take place, explaining why HIV fav ...

See also:

HIV, HIV - Introduction, HIV - Transmission, HIV - The clinical course of HIV-1 infection, HIV - Primary Infection, HIV - Clinical Latency, HIV - The declaration of AIDS, HIV - HIV structure and genome, HIV - HIV tropism, HIV - Life cycle of HIV, HIV - Viral entry to the cell, HIV - Viral replication and transcription, HIV - Viral assembly and release, HIV - Genetic variability of HIV, HIV - Treatment, HIV - Epidemiology, HIV - Other viewpoints, HIV - AIDS News

Read more here: » HIV: Encyclopedia II - HIV - Life cycle of HIV

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - HIV - Life cycle of HIV

HIV - Viral entry to the cell. The interaction between the glycoprotein gp120 on the HIV virion and its receptor, CD4 on the target cell, provokes conformational changes in gp120. This exposes a region of gp120, the V3 loop, which binds to a cytokine receptor on the target cell, such as CCR5 or CXCR4 depending on the strain of HIV. Without a coreceptor, fusion does not take place, explaining why HIV fav ...

See also:

HIV, HIV - Introduction, HIV - Transmission, HIV - The clinical course of HIV-1 infection, HIV - Primary Infection, HIV - Clinical Latency, HIV - The declaration of AIDS, HIV - HIV structure and genome, HIV - HIV tropism, HIV - Life cycle of HIV, HIV - Viral entry to the cell, HIV - Viral replication and transcription, HIV - Viral assembly and release, HIV - Genetic variability of HIV, HIV - Treatment, HIV - Epidemiology, HIV - Other viewpoints

Read more here: » HIV: Encyclopedia II - HIV - Life cycle of HIV

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Software development life cycle - Auditing The System Development Process

Regardless of the methodology used, the development process should have the same major steps: planning, development, implementation, and maintenance. Software development life cycle - Planning. The planning phase determines the nature and scope of the development. If this stage is not performed well, it is unlikely that the project will be successful in meeting the business’s needs. The auditor’s key role in this phase is to understand the business environment and to make sure that all necessary controls are incorporated into the d ...

See also:

Software development life cycle, Software development life cycle - Life Cycle Types, Software development life cycle - Rapid Application Development RAD, Software development life cycle - End-User Development EUD, Software development life cycle - Auditor Involvement in Development, Software development life cycle - Auditor Review and Recommendations, Software development life cycle - Auditing Formal Software Development Processes, Software development life cycle - Auditing The System Development Process, Software development life cycle - Planning, Software development life cycle - Development, Software development life cycle - Implementation, Software development life cycle - Maintenance

Read more here: » Software development life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Software development life cycle - Auditing The System Development Process

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Moon Jelly - Life cycle

A. aurita first starts out with an ovum from a female medusa and a sperm from a different medusa to form a zygote. The zygote then turns into a blastula, then gastrula, and then planula (Gilbertson, 1999). The planula settles on the bottom and attaches itself onto a reef for a while and then grows and changes into a small polyp called a scyphistoma. This scyphistoma grows and becomes a strobila with small buds on the top layers, each of these buds then breaking off and forming an ephyra. The ephyra enlarges and matures to become the last stage, adult medusa. The strobila stage can reprodu ...

See also:

Moon Jelly, Moon Jelly - General biology, Moon Jelly - Life cycle, Moon Jelly - Feeding, Moon Jelly - Filtering Grid, Moon Jelly - Body system, Moon Jelly - Predators, Moon Jelly - Aurelia aurita interaction

Read more here: » Moon Jelly: Encyclopedia II - Moon Jelly - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Dendritic cell - Life cycle

Dendritic cells start out as immature dendritic cells. These cells are characterized by high endocytic activity and low T-cell activation potential. Dendritic cells constantly sample the surroundings for pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. This is done through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as the toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs recognize specific chemical signatures found on subsets of pathogens. Once they have come into contact with such a pathogen, they become activated into mature dendritic cells. Immature dendritic cells ...

See also:

Dendritic cell, Dendritic cell - Types of dendritic cells, Dendritic cell - In vivo, Dendritic cell - In vitro, Dendritic cell - Life cycle, Dendritic cell - Relationship to HIV allergy and autoimmune diseases, Dendritic cell - Dendritic cells in animals other than humans

Read more here: » Dendritic cell: Encyclopedia II - Dendritic cell - Life cycle

life cycle: Encyclopedia II - Drosophila melanogaster - Life cycle

The life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster at 25 °C takes only 2 weeks; everything takes about twice as long at 18 °C. Females lay some 400 eggs (embryos) into rotting fruit or other organic material. The eggs, which are about 0.5 millimetres long, eclose after 24 h. The resulting larvae grow for 5 days while molting twice, at about 24 and 48 h after eclosion. During this time, they feed on the microorganisms that decompose the fruit, as well as on the sugar of the fruit themselves. Then the larvae encapsulate in the puparium and undergo a five- ...

See also:

Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila melanogaster - Physical appearance, Drosophila melanogaster - Life cycle, Drosophila melanogaster - Model organism in genetics, Drosophila melanogaster - The Drosophila genome, Drosophila melanogaster - Similarity to humans, Drosophila melanogaster - Genetic nomenclature, Drosophila melanogaster - Development and embryogenesis, Drosophila melanogaster - Behavioral genetics and neuroscience, Drosophila melanogaster - Vision in Drosophila, Drosophila melanogaster - Drosophila flight

Read more here: » Drosophila melanogaster: Encyclopedia II - Drosophila melanogaster - Life cycle

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