Liaoning

Russia wasted little time after the Triple Intervention to move men and materials down into the Liaodong to start building a railroad from both ends — Port Arthur and Harbin, as she already had railway construction in progress across northern Inner Manchuria to shorten the rail route to her sole Pacific Ocean naval base at Sakhalin Island, a port closed by ice four months of each year. She also improved the port facilities at Port Arthur and founded the commercial port ...

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Treaty of Shimonoseki, Treaty of Shimonoseki - The Treaty Terms, Treaty of Shimonoseki - The Signatories and Diplomats, Treaty of Shimonoseki - Entry of The Imperialist Powers, Treaty of Shimonoseki - The Aftermath, Treaty of Shimonoseki - An Uneasy Prelude to War, Treaty of Shimonoseki - External link

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Puyi - Emperor of China 1908-1924. Chosen by Cixi on her deathbed, Puyi ascended to the throne at age 2 years 10 months in December 1908 following his uncle's death on November 14. His father, the 2nd Prince Chun, served as a regent until December 6, 1911 when Empress Dowager Longyu took over in the face of the Xinhai Revolution. Empress Dowager Longyu signed the "Act of Abdication of the Emperor of the Great Qing" (《清帝退位詔書》) on February 12, 1912, following the Xinhai Revolution, under a de ...

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Puyi, Puyi - Name, Puyi - Ancestry, Puyi - Paternal side, Puyi - Maternal side, Puyi - Biography, Puyi - Emperor of China 1908-1924, Puyi - Brief restoration 1917, Puyi - Private citizen 1924-1932, Puyi - Ruler of Manchukuo 1932-1945, Puyi - Later life 1945-1967, Puyi - Marriages, Puyi - Burial, Puyi - Portrayal, Puyi - Notes

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It should be noted from this list several phenomena. Xiang, based on the fact that several generals from the rebel coalition states supported him in the campaign against Qin, supplanted their princes and put those generals in the original seats of the princes who sent them. He also left several important figures who did not support him without principalities, despite their contributions to the effort against Qin. Soon after this division, further, he would have Emperor Yi murdered and Han Cheng executed (seizing Han territories and merging t ...

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Xiang Yu, Xiang Yu - Early career, Xiang Yu - The Battle of Julu and Xiang's rise to military supremacy, Xiang Yu - Entry into Qin proper and Xiang's jealousy of Liu Bang, Xiang Yu - Xiang's deposition of Prince Xin of Chu and division of the empire, Xiang Yu - Xiang's downfall, Xiang Yu - Impact on Chinese history

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A major cause of the Yellow Turban Rebellion was an agrarian crisis, in which famine forced many farmers and former military settlers in the north to seek employment in the south, where large landowners took advantage of the labor surplus and amassed large fortunes. The situation was further aggravated by smaller floods along the lower course of the Yellow River. Further pressure was added on the peasants by high taxes imposed on them in order to build fortifications along the Silk Road and garrisons against foreign infiltrations and invasio ...

See also:

Yellow Turban Rebellion, Yellow Turban Rebellion - Causes, Yellow Turban Rebellion - The rebels, Yellow Turban Rebellion - Military action, Yellow Turban Rebellion - Aftermath, Yellow Turban Rebellion - Literary Impact

Read more here: » Yellow Turban Rebellion: Encyclopedia II - Yellow Turban Rebellion - Causes

Being a member of the Gioro (clan) of the Suksuhu River tribe, Nurhaci also claimed descent from Mönke Timur, a Jurchen headman who lived some two centuries earlier. He named his clan Aisin Gioro around 1612, when he formally ascended the throne. In 1582 his father Taksi and grandfather Giocangga were killed in an attack on Gure (see Jianzhou Jurchens) by the Ming Dynasty General Li Chengliang. The Aisin Gioro family originated in present day North Korea. According to Chinese sources, the young man grew up as a royal in the household of Li Chengliang in Fushun ...

See also:

Nurhaci, Nurhaci - Background, Nurhaci - Primary Sources, Nurhaci - Trivia

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Microraptor was about 77cm long from its nose to the tip of its tail. Like its close relative Cryptovolans (possibly a junior synonym of Microraptor), Microraptor had long feathers on both its fore- and hind legs, which has led to it being called a "four-winged dinosaur". It has been proposed by Chinese scientists that the animal glided, rather than flew properly. However, close studies of the Berlin specimen of the primitive bird Archaeopteryx show that it too, had flight feathers on its hind legs, ...

See also:

Microraptor, Microraptor - Description, Microraptor - Naming

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The territory has been, successively, the home of the Mohe tribes and Jurchen nation, occupied by the ancient kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla, Bohai and the Liao (Khitan) kingdoms. According to the Sheng wu chi ("Our august dynasty's military memorial"), an official history of earlier Manchu wars, in the Ming period living in this territory were the Tungus tribes of Neyen and Yalu. Later it formed part of the Manchu Later Jin ...

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Changbai Mountains, Changbai Mountains - History, Changbai Mountains - Economy, Changbai Mountains - Geography, Changbai Mountains - Flora and fauna

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Plains in Hebei were the home of Peking man, a group of Homo erectus that lived in the area around 200,000 to 700,000 years ago. During the Spring and Autumn Period (722 BC - 476 BC), Hebei was under the rule of the states of Yan (燕) in the north and Jin (晉) in the south. Also during this period, a nomadic people known as Dí (狄) invaded the plains of northern China and established Zhongshan (中山) in central Hebei. During the Warring States Period (403 BC - 221 BC), Jin was partitioned, and much of its territory w ...

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Hebei, Hebei - History, Hebei - Geography, Hebei - Administrative divisions, Hebei - Economy, Hebei - Demographics, Hebei - Culture, Hebei - Transportation, Hebei - Tourism, Hebei - Miscellaneous topics, Hebei - Colleges and Universities

Read more here: » Hebei: Encyclopedia II - Hebei - History

Badaling - Badaling Expressway - Bagua zhang - Baguwen - Bai - Bai hua - Bai Juyi - Bai Ling - Bai Shouyi - Baitou Mountain - Baiyun International Airport - Ban Gu - Banana - Banco Nacional Ultramarino - Bank of China Tower - Bank of China - Banner (Inner Mongolia) - Banner system - Bao'an - Bao'an (Shaanxi) - Baoding - Baoguo Temple Battle of Beijing - Battle of Changban - Battle of Changping - Battle of Changsha - Battle of Changsha (1930) - Battle of Changsha (1939) - Battle of Changsha (1941) - Battle of Changsha (1942) - Battle o ...

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List of China-related topics 123-L, List of China-related topics 123-L - 0-9, List of China-related topics 123-L - A, List of China-related topics 123-L - B, List of China-related topics 123-L - C, List of China-related topics 123-L - D, List of China-related topics 123-L - E, List of China-related topics 123-L - F, List of China-related topics 123-L - G, List of China-related topics 123-L - H, List of China-related topics 123-L - I, List of China-related topics 123-L - J, List of China-related topics 123-L - K, List of China-related topics 123-L - L

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The peninsula was an important battlefield during the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895), which the Japanese won handily, inflicting a crippling loss on the Chinese Empire from which it never recovered, as the worlds imperialist powers, then extracted one unequal concession after another, circling like jackals. The peninsula was ceded to Japan by the Treaty of Shimonoseki of April 17, 1895 but Japan was forced to give it up ('recede' it to China) after the Triple Intervention of April 23, 1895 by Russia, France and Germany. This caused huge ...

See also:

Liaodong Peninsula, Liaodong Peninsula - Geography, Liaodong Peninsula - History

Read more here: » Liaodong Peninsula: Encyclopedia II - Liaodong Peninsula - History

The element Pradesh appears in the names of many Indian states. It means "land" or "province" in Sanskrit. Andhra Pradesh: Land of the Andhras. Andhra also denotes "south" in Sanskrit - the equivalent of Australis in Latin. Arunachal Pradesh: In Sanskrit, aruna means "dawn-lit" and anchal "mountains" Bihar - from vihara ("Buddhist monastery"). Foreign invaders often used abandoned viharas as military cantonments; the word Bihar may have come from the large number ...

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List of subnational name etymologies, List of subnational name etymologies - Australia, List of subnational name etymologies - Austria, List of subnational name etymologies - Belgium, List of subnational name etymologies - Canada, List of subnational name etymologies - People's Republic of China, List of subnational name etymologies - Czech Republic, List of subnational name etymologies - Denmark, List of subnational name etymologies - Finland, List of subnational name etymologies - France, List of subnational name etymologies - Germany, List of subnational name etymologies - Greece, List of subnational name etymologies - India, List of subnational name etymologies - Iran, List of subnational name etymologies - Italy, List of subnational name etymologies - Korea, List of subnational name etymologies - Mexico, List of subnational name etymologies - Netherlands, List of subnational name etymologies - New Zealand, List of subnational name etymologies - Pakistan, List of subnational name etymologies - Papua New Guinea, List of subnational name etymologies - Poland, List of subnational name etymologies - Romania, List of subnational name etymologies - Russia, List of subnational name etymologies - Spain, List of subnational name etymologies - Switzerland, List of subnational name etymologies - Republic of China Taiwan, List of subnational name etymologies - Ukraine, List of subnational name etymologies - United Kingdom, List of subnational name etymologies - United States

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Inner Manchuria came under strong Russian influence in the 1890s with the building of the Chinese Eastern Railway through Harbin to Vladivostok. Japanese influence replaced Russian in Inner Manchuria as a result of the Russo-Japanese War (1904 - 1905), and Japan laid the South Manchurian Railway in 1906 to Port Arthur (Japanese: Ryojun). Between World War I and World War II Manchuria became a political and military battleground. Japanese influence extended into Outer Manchuria in the wake of the Russian Revolution of 1917, but Outer M ...

See also:

Manchukuo, Manchukuo - Political history of Manchukuo, Manchukuo - Administrative divisions, Manchukuo - Population, Manchukuo - The Japanese population, Manchukuo - Education, Manchukuo - Stamps and postal history of Manchukuo

Read more here: » Manchukuo: Encyclopedia II - Manchukuo - Political history of Manchukuo

Manchuria - Earlier history. Manchuria was the home of several nomadic tribes, including the Manchu, Ulchs, Hezhen (also known as the Goldi and Nanai). Various ethnic groups or kingdoms, including the Fuyu, Goguryeo, Xianbei, Khitan, Bohai (Mohe) and Jurchens, have risen to power in Manchuria. Han Chinese dynasties in China loosely controlled southern Manchuria up until the Song dynasty. During the Song dynasty, the Khitan set up the Liao dynasty in Manchuria. Later, the Jurchen (Manchu) overthrew the Liao ...

See also:

Manchuria, Manchuria - Extent of Manchuria, Manchuria - Naming, Manchuria - Geography and Climate, Manchuria - History, Manchuria - Earlier history, Manchuria - Russian and Japanese influence, Manchuria - After World War Two, Manchuria - Demographics and Economy, Manchuria - Culture

Read more here: » Manchuria: Encyclopedia II - Manchuria - History

The uprising is named for the society known as the Righteous Harmony Society (義和拳) or in contemporary English parlance, "Boxers", a group which initially opposed but later reconciled itself to China's ruling Manchu Qing dynasty. The Boxer uprising was concentrated in northern China where the European powers had begun to demand territorial, railroad and mining concessions. Imperial Germany responded to the killing of two missionaries in Shandong province (November 1897) by seizing the port of Qingdao. The next month, a Rus ...

See also:

Boxer Rebellion, Boxer Rebellion - China after 1840, Boxer Rebellion - Anti-Western Movement, Boxer Rebellion - Eight nation alliance, Boxer Rebellion - Results, Boxer Rebellion - Reference, Boxer Rebellion - In fiction, Boxer Rebellion - Footnotes

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These are area codes for the provinces of Hebei, Shanxi and Henan. China telephone numbering plan - Hebei. Handan -- 310 Shijiazhuang -- 311 Baoding -- 312 Zhangjiakou -- 313 Chengde -- 314 Tangshan -- 315 Langfang -- 316 Cangzhou -- 317 Hengshui -- 318 Xingtai -- 319 Qinghuangdao -- 335 China telephone numbering plan - Shanxi. Shuozhou -- 349 Xinzhou -- ...

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China telephone numbering plan, China telephone numbering plan - Area 1, China telephone numbering plan - Area 2, China telephone numbering plan - Area 3, China telephone numbering plan - Hebei, China telephone numbering plan - Shanxi, China telephone numbering plan - Henan, China telephone numbering plan - Area 4, China telephone numbering plan - Inner Mongolia, China telephone numbering plan - Liaoning, China telephone numbering plan - Jilin, China telephone numbering plan - Heilongjiang, China telephone numbering plan - Area 5, China telephone numbering plan - Jiangsu, China telephone numbering plan - Shandong - Area 5, China telephone numbering plan - Anhui, China telephone numbering plan - Zhejiang, China telephone numbering plan - Fujian, China telephone numbering plan - Area 6, China telephone numbering plan - Taiwan proposed use, China telephone numbering plan - Shandong - Area 6, China telephone numbering plan - Guangdong - Area 6, China telephone numbering plan - Yunnan - Area 6, China telephone numbering plan - Area 7, China telephone numbering plan - Hubei, China telephone numbering plan - Hunan, China telephone numbering plan - Guangdong - Area 7, China telephone numbering plan - Guangxi, China telephone numbering plan - Jiangxi, China telephone numbering plan - Area 8, China telephone numbering plan - Sichuan, China telephone numbering plan - Guizhou, China telephone numbering plan - Yunnan - Area 8, China telephone numbering plan - Tibet, China telephone numbering plan - Hainan, China telephone numbering plan - Area 9, China telephone numbering plan - Shaanxi, China telephone numbering plan - Gansu, China telephone numbering plan - Ningxia, China telephone numbering plan - Qinghai, China telephone numbering plan - Xinjiang, China telephone numbering plan - Emergency Numbers, China telephone numbering plan - Others, China telephone numbering plan - International Access Code

Read more here: » China telephone numbering plan: Encyclopedia II - China telephone numbering plan - Area 3

Construction of the CER started in July 1897 along the line Tarskaya - Hilar - Harbin - Nikolsk-Ussuriski. Officially, traffic on the line started in November 1901, but regular passenger traffic from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok across the Trans-Siberian railway started in July 1903. During the Russo-Japanese War (1904 - 1905), Imperial Russia lost both the Liaodong and the southern spur railway (Harbin to Port Arthur) to Japan, which took over most of this Southern branchline (also known to the West as the South Manchurian Railway and as Changchun to the Japanese) by conquest during the fighting. (See ...

See also:

China Far East Railway, China Far East Railway - History of the line, China Far East Railway - Manchurian Railway, China Far East Railway - Genesis of the short road, China Far East Railway - External link

Read more here: » China Far East Railway: Encyclopedia II - China Far East Railway - History of the line

Sometime before 183, a major Taoist movement had emerged from Ji Province (冀州, modern central Hebei) -- the Taiping Sect (太平教), led by Zhang Jiao (張角), who claimed he had magical powers to heal the sick. By 183, his teachings and followers had spread to eight provinces -- Qing (青州, modern central and eastern Shandong), Xu (徐州, modern northern Jiangsu and Anhui), You (幽州, modern northern Hebei, Liaoning, Beijing, and Tianjin), Ji, Jing (荊州, modern Hubei and Hunan), Yang (揚州, modern southern Jiangsu and Anhui, ...

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Emperor Ling of Han, Emperor Ling of Han - Family background and ascension to the throne, Emperor Ling of Han - Early reign, Emperor Ling of Han - Middle reign, Emperor Ling of Han - The Yellow Turban Rebellion, Emperor Ling of Han - Late reign, Emperor Ling of Han - Era names, Emperor Ling of Han - Personal information

Read more here: » Emperor Ling of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Ling of Han - The Yellow Turban Rebellion

Sun Quan - Early reign. Early in Sun Quan's reign, the Eastern Wu administration was known for its efficiency, as Sun showed a knack for listening to correct advice and for delegating authorities to the proper individuals. For example, he correctly trusted the faithful Lu Xun and Zhuge Jin, so much so that he made a duplicate imperial seal and left it with Lu; whenever he would correspond with Shu Han's emperor Liu Shan or regent Zhuge Liang, he would deliver the letter to Lu first (as Lu's post was near the Shu ...

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Sun Quan, Sun Quan - Early life, Sun Quan - As warlord after Sun Ce's death, Sun Quan - Prior to the Battle of Chibi, Sun Quan - Battle of Chibi, Sun Quan - Uneasy alliance with Liu Bei, Sun Quan - Breaking of alliance with Liu Bei, Sun Quan - Reign as the monarch of Eastern Wu, Sun Quan - Early reign, Sun Quan - Middle reign, Sun Quan - Late reign, Sun Quan - Era names, Sun Quan - Personal information

Read more here: » Sun Quan: Encyclopedia II - Sun Quan - Reign as the monarch of Eastern Wu

As with all dinosaurs, much of Tyrannosaurus' biology, its lifespan, breeding strategy, coloration, ecology and physiology, remain unknown. A site in Alberta has at least nine individuals of Albertosaurus sarcophagus (a closely related animal) of different ages preserved together, but whether these animals lived together or simply died together is unclear. Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers. Main articles: Feathered dinosaursSee also:

Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Discovery and classification, Tyrannosaurus rex - Characteristics, Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology, Tyrannosaurus rex - Feathers, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for scavenging, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for hunting, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for running, Tyrannosaurus rex - Evidence for walking, Tyrannosaurus rex - Ecological implications, Tyrannosaurus rex - The world of Tyrannosaurus rex, Tyrannosaurus rex - Individual specimens, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus rex - Synonymies, Tyrannosaurus rex - Other giant theropods, Tyrannosaurus rex - Notes

Read more here: » Tyrannosaurus rex: Encyclopedia II - Tyrannosaurus rex - Biology

Cretaceous - Land animals. On land, mammals were a small and still relatively minor component of the fauna. The fauna was dominated by archosaurian reptiles, especially dinosaurs, which were at their most diverse. Pterosaurs were common in the early and middle Cretaceous, but as the Cretaceous proceeded faced growing competition from the adaptive radiation of birds, and by the end of the period only two h ...

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Cretaceous, Cretaceous - Name and dating, Cretaceous - Divisions, Cretaceous - Paleogeography, Cretaceous - Flora, Cretaceous - Fauna, Cretaceous - Land animals, Cretaceous - Marine animals, Cretaceous - Extinction, Cretaceous - References and further reading

Read more here: » Cretaceous: Encyclopedia II - Cretaceous - Fauna

The provinces of China were first set up during the Yuan Dynasty. There were initially 10 provinces. By the time of the Qing Dynasty there were 18, all of which were in China proper. These were: Anhui Fujian Gansu Guangdong Guangxi Guizhou Henan Hubei Hunan Jiangsu Jiangxi Shaanxi Shandong Shanxi Sichuan Y ...

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Province of China, Province of China - Alternative meanings, Province of China - List and map, Province of China - History, Province of China - Various facts about the provinces

Read more here: » Province of China: Encyclopedia II - Province of China - History

Starting about 113 BC, Emperor Wu appeared to begin to display further signs of abusing his power. He began to incessantly tour the commanderies, initially nearby Chang'an, but later extending to much farther places, worshipping the various gods on the way, perhaps again in the search of immortality. He also had a succession of magicians whom he honored with great things, even, in one case, making one a marquess and marrying a daughter to him. (That magician, after he was exposed to be a fraud, however, was executed.) Emperor Wu's expenditur ...

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Emperor Wu of Han, Emperor Wu of Han - Background birth and years as crown prince, Emperor Wu of Han - Early reign: the young years, Emperor Wu of Han - Maturity in reign and territorial expansion, Emperor Wu of Han - Further territorial expansion old age and paranoia, Emperor Wu of Han - The Crown Prince Ju revolt, Emperor Wu of Han - Late reign and death, Emperor Wu of Han - Legacy, Emperor Wu of Han - Bisexuality?, Emperor Wu of Han - Personal information, Emperor Wu of Han - Era names, Emperor Wu of Han - Notes

Read more here: » Emperor Wu of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Wu of Han - Further territorial expansion old age and paranoia