Leiden University - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Leiden University: Encyclopedia - Leiden University
Leiden University in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. It is a member of the Coimbra Group, the Europaeum ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leiden University: Encyclopedia Ii - Leiden University - History
In 1575 Prince William of Orange presided over one of the few realms in Europe which did not have any universities. The scientific renais...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Groningen: Encyclopedia - University Of Groningen
The University of Groningen (Dutch: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen or RuG) is a university in Groningen, Netherlands. Established in 1614, i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Berber Languages: Encyclopedia - Berber Languages
The Berber languages (or Tamazight) are a group of closely related languages mainly spoken in Morocco and Algeria. A very sparse populati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Association Of Universities For Research In Astronomy: Encyclopedia - Association Of Universities For Research In Astronomy
The Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) is a consortium of universities and other institutions. It operates astr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands
Beatrix of the Netherlands (Beatrix Wilhelmina Armgard van Oranje-Nassau) (born January 31, 1938), Princess of Orange-Nassau, Princess of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ayaan Hirsi Ali: Encyclopedia - Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Ayaan Hirsi Ali ( pronunciation?) (born 13 November 1969 in Mogadishu, Somalia) is a member of the Tweede Kamer (the Lower House of the N...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein: Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (March 14, 1879–April 18, 1955) was a Jewish theoretical physicist, born in Ulm, Germany, who is widely regarded as the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta: Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta (also Jogjakarta or Jogja) is a city and province on the island of Java, Indonesia. It is the only province in Indonesia that ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - August 2005: Encyclopedia - August 2005
2005 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → August 2005...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Universiteit Van Tilburg: Encyclopedia - Universiteit Van Tilburg
Located in Tilburg, the Netherlands, Tilburg University is a compact institution for higher education, specialised in human and social sc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia - Electricity
Electricity is a property of matter that results from the presence of electric charge. Together with magnetism, it constitutes the fundam...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Library: Encyclopedia - Library
In the traditional sense of the word, a library is a collection of books and periodicals. It can refer to an individual's private collect...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gravitational Radiation: Encyclopedia Ii - Gravitational Radiation - Sources Of Gravitational Waves
Gravitational waves are caused by certain motions of mass or energy. The type of motion required is different from electromagnetism in on...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Bronze Age
The early Bronze age culture is commonly believed to have grown out of Beaker roots, with some Wessex and Unetice influence. In the early...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Erasmus Universiteit: Encyclopedia Ii - Erasmus Universiteit - University Structure
Erasmus University Rotterdam has bundled its education and research in three domains in which the university has a national and internati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Burushaski Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Burushaski Language - Phonology
There are various inventories attributed to Burushaski. * Liquids are glides and laterals. ... See also:Burushaski language, Burushaski...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Syriac Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Syriac Alphabet - Forms Of The Syriac Alphabet
Middle Bronze Age 19-15th c. BC Proto-Canaanite 14th c. BC Ugaritic 13th c. BC Phoenician 11th c. BC Samaritan 6th c. BC Aramaic 9th c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Willem-alexander Prince Of Orange: Encyclopedia Ii - Willem-alexander Prince Of Orange - Heir Apparent And Titles
Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand van Oranje-Nassau, Prince of Orange, Prince of the Netherlands, Prince of Orange-Nassau, Jonkheer...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leiden University Library: Encyclopedia Ii - Leiden University Library - Special Collections
Leiden University Library - Western Manuscripts. The collection Western Manuscripts contains all western manuscripts (including 2,500 ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder: Encyclopedia Ii - Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder - Childhood
Zoetmulder was born in Utrecht, The Netherlands. From his early childhood, "Piet" - as he was called - was able to read and write even be...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plagiarism: Encyclopedia Ii - Plagiarism - Referencing And Attribution
There is some difference of opinion over how much credit must be given when preparing a newspaper article or historical account. Generall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Guillaume Groen Van Prinsterer: Encyclopedia Ii - Guillaume Groen Van Prinsterer - Overview
He is a Dutch historical icon who received from the country's King of his day, the title "van Prinsterer" - or "of the King." Groen was a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franciscus Junius The Younger: Encyclopedia Ii - Franciscus Junius The Younger - Works
Junius devoted himself to the study of Anglo-Saxon, and afterwards of the cognate old Teutonic languages. His work, while intrinsically v...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nikolaas Tinbergen: Encyclopedia Ii - Nikolaas Tinbergen - Origins
Born in The Hague, Netherlands, he is also noted as the brother of Jan Tinbergen, who won the first Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Scie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein: Encyclopedia Ii - Albert Einstein - Biography
Albert Einstein - Youth and college. Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 at Ulm in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 100 km east of St...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leiden: Encyclopedia Ii - Leiden - History
It is true that Leiden is an old town, but its claimed connection with Roman Lugdunum Batavorum is spurious; this Roman encampment would ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia Ii - Electricity - History
Electricity - Ancient. According to Thales of Miletus, writing 600 BC, a form of electricity was known to the Ancient Greeks who found ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hans Ras: Encyclopedia Ii - Hans Ras - Student Years And Travels
In 1946 Ras enrolled for the special course of Indonesian studies for future employees with the Dutch colonial civil service. However, th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jan Oort: Encyclopedia Ii - Jan Oort - Honors
Awards Bruce Medal in 1942 Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1946 Henry Norris Russell Lectureship in 1951 Named after hi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia Ii - Electricity - History
Electricity - Ancient. According to Thales of Miletus, writing circa 600 BCE, a form of electricity was known to the Ancient Greeks who...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ayaan Hirsi Ali: Encyclopedia Ii - Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Biography
Hirsi Ali was born in Somalia. Because her father, Hirsi Magan Isse, was an opponent of Siyad Barre her family was forced to flee the cou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Education
In Canada, Princess Beatrix attended nursery and primary school. On her return to the Netherlands, she continued her primary education at...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Education
In Canada, Princess Beatrix attended nursery and primary school. On her return to the Netherlands, she continued her primary education at...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Niels Kaj Jerne: Encyclopedia Ii - Niels Kaj Jerne - Research Positions
From 1943 to 1956 Jerne was a research worker at the Danish National Serum Institute and during this time he formulated a theory on antib...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wageningen University: Encyclopedia Ii - Wageningen University - Mission & Strategy
Wageningen University and Research Centre (Wageningen UR) provides education and generates knowledge in the field of life sciences and na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta: Encyclopedia Ii - Yogyakarta - History
The sultanate of Yogyakarta, formally the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat, was formed in 1755 when the existing Sultanate of Matar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Library: Encyclopedia Ii - Library - History
The first libraries were only partly libraries, being composed for the most part of the unpublished records that make up archives. Archae...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Willem De Sitter: Encyclopedia Ii - Willem De Sitter - Honors
Awards James Craig Watson Medal (1929) Bruce Medal (1931) Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1931) Named after him De sitte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Willem-alexander Prince Of Orange: Encyclopedia Ii - Willem-alexander Prince Of Orange - Heir Apparent And Titles
Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand van Oranje-Nassau, Prince of Orange, Prince of the Netherlands, Prince of Orange-Nassau, Jonkheer...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Berber Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - Berber Languages - Population
The exact population of Berber speakers is hard to ascertain, since most Maghreb countries do not record language data in their censuses....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kampen Theological University Of The Reformed Church Liberated: Encyclopedia Ii - Kampen Theological University Of The Reformed Church Liberated - History
In 1854, a Theological School ("Theologische School") was founded by the Christian Reformed Church in the Netherlands, a church resulting...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Syriac Alphabet: Encyclopedia Ii - Syriac Alphabet - Forms Of The Syriac Alphabet
Middle Bronze Age 19-15th c. BC Proto-Canaanite 14th c. BC Ugaritic 13th c. BC Phoenician 11th c. BC Samaritan 6th c. BC Aramaic 9th c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Job Cohen: Encyclopedia Ii - Job Cohen - Academic Career
Between 1 September 1971 and 1 September 1981, Job Cohen held a scientific position at the Bureau Research of Education at Leiden Univers...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein: Encyclopedia Ii - Albert Einstein - Biography
Albert Einstein - Youth and college. Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 at Ulm in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 100 km east of St...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sandawe Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sandawe Language - Sounds
Sandawe language - Vowels. Sandawe has five vowel qualities: All five vowel qualities may be found as short oral, long oral and long na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kampen Theological University: Encyclopedia Ii - Kampen Theological University - History
The university was founded in 1854 as the Theological School ("Theologische School") by the Christian Reformed Church in the Netherlands,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia Ii - Electricity - Electric Power
Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is produced or consumed, and is measured in watts (symbol: W). A fossil-fuel or nuc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein: Encyclopedia Ii - Albert Einstein - Personality
Albert Einstein was much respected for his kind and friendly demeanor rooted in his pacifism. He was modest about his abilities, and had ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia Ii - Electricity - Electric Current
An electric current is a flow of electric charge, and its intensity is measured in amperes. Examples of electric currents include metall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein: Encyclopedia Ii - Albert Einstein - Popularity And Cultural Impact
Einstein's popularity has led to widespread use of Einstein in advertising and merchandising, including the registration of "Albert Einst...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sandawe Language: Encyclopedia Ii - Sandawe Language - Grammar
Sandawe language - Pronouns. Sandawe language - Syllable structure. Sandawe syllables are usually of the form CV; in monosyllabic wor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Neolithic
The westernmost extensions of the Villeneuve-Saint-Germain culture, based on a linearbandkeramic tradition are found in eastern Brittany ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kampen Theological University: Encyclopedia Ii - Kampen Theological University - Present-day Situation
After the Reformed Church in the Netherlands merged with the Dutch Reformed Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church to form the Protes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Job Cohen: Encyclopedia Ii - Job Cohen - State Secretary
On 2 July 1993 he became State Secretary (Deputy Minister) of Education in the third cabinet of Ruud Lubbers. The term of this post expir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Modern Times
Nineteenth-century Brittany acquired a reputation for timeless autarky, as Romantics developed an image of the province as a bastion of p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Early Modern Brittany
After 1532, Brittany retained a certain fiscal and regulatory autonomy, which was defended by the États de Bretagne despite the rising t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kampen Theological University Of The Reformed Church Liberated: Encyclopedia Ii - Kampen Theological University Of The Reformed Church Liberated - Present-day Situation
After the Reformed Church in the Netherlands merged with the Dutch Reformed Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church to form the Protes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Political Involvement And Marriage
Her appearance on the political scene was almost immediately marked with controversy. Her marriage to German diplomat Claus von Amsberg, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wageningen University: Encyclopedia Ii - Wageningen University - Bsc Programmes
Wageningen University offers 18 BSc programmes (2005-2006). The language of instruction of some programmes is partly Dutch, partly Englis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Titles And Prime Ministers
Queen Beatrix's titles are: "Beatrix, by the Grace of God Queen of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau, etc. etc. etc." The triple...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Queen Of The Netherlands
On 30 April 1980, Beatrix became Queen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands when her mother abdicated. She approaches her role as Queen with...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Middle Ages
Bretons took part in the Revolt of 1173-1174, siding with the rebels against Henry II of England. Henry's son Geoffroy II, then heir appa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Early Middle Ages
Around 500 AD, the Roman troops were withdrawing. Some British authors (Nennius, Gildas) mention Britons fleeing to Armorica to escape th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hans Ras: Encyclopedia Ii - Hans Ras - The University Of Leiden Publications
After his return from Indonesia in 1971, Ras worked in the Department in Leiden. He concentrated more and more on Javanese and as associa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hans Ras: Encyclopedia Ii - Hans Ras - The University Of Malaya
In 1961 Ras obtained his Master’s degree cum laude. He married Widjiati, and the newly-weds set out for Kuala Lumpur, where Ras had bee...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hans Ras: Encyclopedia Ii - Hans Ras - Youth
Hans Ras was born in 1926 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, as the third son of a family of four children. His father had a wholesale busine...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Guillaume Groen Van Prinsterer: Encyclopedia Ii - Guillaume Groen Van Prinsterer - Publications
By the time the revolutionary movement in Europe had begun to break out in various cities, the monarchist and restorationist secretary to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hans Ras: Encyclopedia Ii - Hans Ras - Enthusiastic Teacher Gripping And Graphic Lecturer
In addition Ras was an enthusiastic teacher, whose lectures were absorbing and graphic – a real performer. This doubtless had something...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hans Ras: Encyclopedia Ii - Hans Ras - Old Age
In 1992 Ras retired at the age of 66. It was not a happy development for him. He missed his work, and his health gradually failed him. He...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Roman Rule
In 56 BC the area was conquered by the Romans under Julius Caesar. The Venetian notables were killed or sold off as slaves. The Romans ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Iron Age
A variety of tribes are mentioned in Roman sources, like the Veneti, Armoricani, Osismii, Namnetes and Coriosolites. Strabo and Poseidoni...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Brittany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Brittany - Mesolithic
The best-known mesolithic sites from Brittany are the cemeteries on the islands of Hoëdic (10 graves) and Téviec (9 graves) in Morbihan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franciscus Junius The Younger: Encyclopedia Ii - Franciscus Junius The Younger - Life
Junius was born in Heidelberg, but brought up at Leiden in The Netherlands: his father, also called Franciscus Junius, was appointed prof...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plagiarism: Encyclopedia Ii - Plagiarism - Old Maxim
It is sometimes humorously said that "copying from one source is plagiarism, copying from several sources is research". Of course, this i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Berber Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - Berber Languages - Subclassification
Subclassification of the Berber languages is made difficult by their mutual closeness; Maarten Kossmann (1999) describes it as two dialec...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Berber Languages: Encyclopedia Ii - Berber Languages - Nomenclature
The term "Berber" is disliked by many modern Berbers, because it comes from the ancient Greek barbaros, "barbarian". Nonetheless, it is u...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia Ii - Electricity - Electric Charge
Electric charge is a property of certain subatomic particles (e.g., electrons and protons) which interacts with electromagnetic fields an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia Ii - Electricity - Electric Current
An electric current is a flow of electric charge, and its intensity is measured in amperes. Examples of electric currents include metalli...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Erasmus Universiteit: Encyclopedia Ii - Erasmus Universiteit - University
Image:Erasmus campus.jpg It describes itself as an "international knowledge workshop for critical thinking and academic training, driven ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein: Encyclopedia Ii - Albert Einstein - Popularity And Cultural Impact
Einstein's popularity has led to widespread use of Einstein in advertising and merchandising, including the registration of "Albert Einst...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Albert Einstein: Encyclopedia Ii - Albert Einstein - Personality
Albert Einstein was much respected for his kind and friendly demeanor rooted in his pacifism. He was modest about his abilities, and had ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Electricity: Encyclopedia Ii - Electricity - Electric Power
Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is produced or consumed, and is measured in watts (symbol: W). A fossil-fuel or nuc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Queen Of The Netherlands
On 30 April 1980, Beatrix became Queen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands when her mother abdicated. She approaches her role as Queen with...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Political Involvement And Marriage
Her appearance on the political scene was almost immediately marked with controversy. Her marriage to German diplomat Claus von Amsberg, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Library: Encyclopedia Ii - Library - Some Famous Libraries
Other libraries: The St. Phillips Church Parsonage Provincial Library, established in 1698 in Charleston, South Carolina, was the first ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Library: Encyclopedia Ii - Library - Funding Problems
In the United States, among other countries, libraries in financially-strapped communities are in the precarious position of being relati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Library: Encyclopedia Ii - Library - Library Use
Many potential library patrons nevertheless do not know how to use a library effectively. This can be due to lack of early exposure, shyn...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Library: Encyclopedia Ii - Library - Types Of Libraries
Libraries can be divided into categories by several methods: by the entity (institution, municipality, or corporate body) that supports ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta: Encyclopedia Ii - Yogyakarta - Geography
Yogyakarta is located in south-central Java. It is surrounded by the province of Central Java (Jawa Tengah) and the Indian Ocean in the s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta: Encyclopedia Ii - Yogyakarta - The City
At Yogyakarta's center is the kraton, or Sultan's palace. Surrounding the kraton is a densely-populated residential neighborhood that occ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ayaan Hirsi Ali: Encyclopedia Ii - Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Curriculum Vitae
Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Education. High school in Kenya HBO (1 year) in Driebergen (Hogeschool de Horst) Political Science, Leiden Universit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta: Encyclopedia Ii - Yogyakarta - Transportation
Yogyakarta's airport is Adisucipto International Airport. The city is located on one of the two major railway lines across Java between J...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta: Encyclopedia Ii - Yogyakarta - Arts And Culture
Yogyakarta is known for its silver work, leather puppets used for shadow plays (wayang kulit), and a unique style of making batik dyed fa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yogyakarta: Encyclopedia Ii - Yogyakarta - The Province
The Yogyakarta region stretches from the south coast of the island to the mountains, most notably the peak of Mount Merapi. Common destin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Willem-alexander Prince Of Orange: Encyclopedia Ii - Willem-alexander Prince Of Orange - Children
Willem-Alexander and Máxima have two daughters. The older, Catharina-Amalia Beatrix Carmen Victoria, Princess Catharina-Amalia for short...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Erasmus Universiteit: Encyclopedia Ii - Erasmus Universiteit - History
Erasmus University Rotterdam has existed in its present form since 1973. Its history, however, dates back to 1913, the year in which the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plagiarism: Encyclopedia Ii - Plagiarism - Why Plagiarism Occurs
Students cite many reasons for plagiarising including: (1) being unaware that they’re plagiarising; (2) lacking knowledge and understan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plagiarism: Encyclopedia Ii - Plagiarism - Definition
Plagiarism is the use of another person’s work (this could be their words, products or ideas) for personal advantage without proper ack...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder: Encyclopedia Ii - Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder - Miscellaneous
Zoetmulder was an avid reader, and liked to play the violin. He considered himself Indonesian, or more specifically Javanese. "God had pl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder: Encyclopedia Ii - Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder - Academic Career
After escaping the Baros internment in 1945, he began to teach at the Gadjah Mada University. Five year later he was made a Distinguished...   » Read the article