Over a hundred ethnic groups have existed in China. In terms of numbers, however, the pre-eminent ethnic group in China is the Han, which is a group so diverse in its culture and language that some conceive of it as a larger overarching group bringing together many smaller, distinct ethnic groups sharing common traits in language and culture. Throughout history, many ethnic groups have been assimilated into neighbouring ethnicities or disappeared without a trace. Several previously distinct ethnic groups have been Sinicized into the Han, cau ...

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Chinese society, Chinese society - Demographics, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Gender, Chinese society - Hong Kong, Chinese society - Socio-economic development, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism, Chinese society - Social relations, Chinese society - Civil society

Read more here: » Chinese society: Encyclopedia II - Chinese society - Demographics

Chinese tea culture refers to the methods of preparation of tea, the equipment used to make tea and the occasions in which tea is consumed in China. Tea drinking was popular in ancient China as tea was regarded as one of the seven daily necessities, the others being firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, and vinegar. Tea culture in China differs from that of Europe, Britain or Japan in such things as preparation methods, tasting methods and the occasions for which it is consumed. Even now, in both casual and formal Chinese occas ...

Including:

• Chinese tea culture - Tea drinking customs
• Chinese tea culture - How to say thanks for tea
• Chinese tea culture - Brewing Chinese tea
• Chinese tea culture - A traditional way of brewing Chinese tea
• Chinese tea culture - Tea cultures of specific traditions and societies

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Yum cha (Cantonese: 飲茶), literally translated as 'drinking tea', refers to the Cantonese custom of eating tiny servings of different foods while sipping some well-brewed Chinese tea. It is an integral part of Hong Kong's and the Guangdong Province’s culinary culture. In any city with a sizeable Cantonese population, yum cha is a tradition on Sunday mornings, and whole families gather to chat and eat dim sum and gulp pot after pot of Chinese tea. The tea is important, for it is said to help digest the rich foods, wh ...

Including:

• Yum cha - Teahouse
• Yum cha - Eating utensils
• Yum cha - Teabowl
• Yum cha - Chopsticks
• Yum cha - Toothpick
• Yum cha - Dim sum
• Yum cha - Rituals
• Yum cha - Finger tapping
• Yum cha - Taking away the lid from the teapot before refilling
• Yum cha - Reference

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Main article: Culture of China China's traditional values were derived from the orthodox version of Confucianism/conservatism, which was taught in schools and was even part of imperial civil service examinations. However, the term Confucianism is somewhat problematic in that the system of thought which reached it high-water mark in Qing Dynasty imperial China was in fact composed of several strains of thought, including Legalism, which in many ways departed from the original spirit of Confucianism; indeed by the height of imper ...

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Chinese society, Chinese society - Demographics, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Gender, Chinese society - Hong Kong, Chinese society - Socio-economic development, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism, Chinese society - Social relations, Chinese society - Civil society

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A salute is a gesture or other action used to indicate respect. Salutes are primarily associated with military forces, but other organizations and even general populations use salutes. Salute - Civilian Salutes. While such gestures as tipping one's hat as one passed others on the street could be considered salutes, the most common civilian salute is rendered to the flag. In the United States, civilians salute the flag by placing their right hands over their hearts and saying the Pledge of Allegiance. (Men r ...

Including:

• Salute - Civilian Salutes
• Salute - Roman salute
• Salute - Clenched fist salute
• Salute - Greetings
• Salute - Obeisances
• Salute - Military Salutes
• Salute - Hand Salutes
• Salute - Small Arms Salutes
• Salute - Heavy Arms : Gun Salutes
• Salute - From United States Army Field Manual FM 22-5
• Salute - Salutes in Fiction

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Mencius outlined the Three Subordinations. A woman was to be subordinate to her father in youth, her husband in maturity, and her son in old age. A cliche of classical texts, which is repeated throughout the tradition, is the familiar notion that men govern the outer world, while women govern the home. In the Han dynasty, the female historian Ban Zhao wrote the Lessons for Women, advice on how women should behave. She outlines the Four Virtues women must abide by, proper virtue, proper speech, proper countenance, proper merit. The "three subordinations and the four virtues" is a common four-charac ...

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Chinese society, Chinese society - Demographics, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Gender, Chinese society - Hong Kong, Chinese society - Socio-economic development, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism, Chinese society - Social relations, Chinese society - Civil society

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The Sixth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization, also known as the Hong Kong Ministerial Conference of the WTO and abbreviated as MC6, was held at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, Wan Chai, Hong Kong from 13th to 18th December 2005. Representatives from 148 countries were expected to attend the event, as well as over 10,000 protestors led by the Hong Kong People’s Alliance on WTO and made up of largely South Korean farmers. Wan Chai Sports Ground and Wan Chai Cargo Handling Basin in Wan ...

Including:

• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Background
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Doha development agenda
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Possible agenda
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Principles of the negotiations
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - The potential benefits of the success of the MC6
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - The barriers faced by the MC6
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Participations of the member countries
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Pre-conference predictions
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Planning
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Venue
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Security and emergency
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Logistics
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Media
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Finance
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - The participation of NGOs
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Participating parties
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Facilities offered for the NGOs
• WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Demonstrations

Read more here: » WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005: Encyclopedia - WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005

Chinese society - Socio-economic development. Hong Kong fully urbanised during the post-war period and has developed into a major financial centre and a world city. As one of the "East Asian Tigers" it saw a high growth rate and rapid industrialisation between the early 1960s and 1990s. Today, economic reforms on mainland China appear to have succeeded financially and have resulted in a booming economy in the last two decades, resulting in, among other things, a rising class of nouveau riche and middle class; whereas Hongkongers may be seen as "old money".

Chinese society, Chinese society - Demographics, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Gender, Chinese society - Hong Kong, Chinese society - Socio-economic development, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism, Chinese society - Social relations, Chinese society - Civil society

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In Chinese society, collectivism has a long tradition based on Confucianism, where being a 'community man' (qúntǐ de fènzǐ) (群体的分子) or someone with a 'social personality' (shèhuì de réngé) (社会的人格) is valued. Additionally, there is the shìgu (世故) personality type, who is worldly and committed to family. Individualist thinking in China was formed by Lao Zi and Taoism. He taught that individual happiness is the basis of a good society and saw the state, with its "laws and regulations more numerous than th ...

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Chinese society, Chinese society - Demographics, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Gender, Chinese society - Hong Kong, Chinese society - Socio-economic development, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism, Chinese society - Social relations, Chinese society - Civil society

Read more here: » Chinese society: Encyclopedia II - Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism

Chinese social relations are social relations typified by a reciprocal social network. Often social obligations within the network are characterized in familial terms. The individual link within the social network is known by guanxi (关系) and the feeling within the link is known by the term ganqing (感情). Social relations are often expressed by the exchange of gifts. An important concept within Chinese social relations is the concept of face and many other Oriental cultures. A Buddhist- ...

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Chinese society, Chinese society - Demographics, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Gender, Chinese society - Hong Kong, Chinese society - Socio-economic development, Chinese society - Culture, Chinese society - Individualism and collectivism, Chinese society - Social relations, Chinese society - Civil society

Read more here: » Chinese society: Encyclopedia II - Chinese society - Social relations

English words with Chinese origin usually have different characteristics depending how the words were spread to the West. Some words spread to the West ... via the silk road, e.g. silk. These have heavy influence from countries along the silk road. via the missionaries who lived in China. These have heavy Latin influence due the Portuguese and Spanish missionaries. via the sinologists who lived in China. These have heavy French influence due to the long history of French involvement in Sinology.

Through The Eyes Of Aliens by Jasmine O'Neill is a book by an autistic person. Miss O'Neill describes autism as a way of perceiving and being in the world, rather than as an illness. This is the view shared and promoted by autistic culture. The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time is a novel whose main character is a communicating autistic. This book is slightly controversial, as the author himself is not autistic and based his character on an admittedly small sampling, plus using Simon Baron-Cohen's "theory of ...

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Autistic culture, Autistic culture - Is autistic culture a real culture?, Autistic culture - Proponents, Autistic culture - Beliefs, Autistic culture - Organizations, Autistic culture - Literature, Autistic culture - Art, Autistic culture - Language, Autistic culture - Tendency to marry within the group, Autistic culture - Representations of autistic culture, Autistic culture - Relation to geeks and nerds, Autistic culture - Autistic Pride Day

Read more here: » Autistic culture: Encyclopedia II - Autistic culture - Literature

Like any dialect, the phonology of Standard Cantonese varies among speakers. Unlike Standard Mandarin, there is no official agency to regulate Standard Cantonese. Below is the phonology accepted by most scholars and educators, the one usually heard on TV or radio in serious broadcast like news reports. Common variations are also described. There are about 630 different extant combinations of syllable onsets (initial consonants) and syllable rimes (remainder of the syllable), not counting tones. Some of these, such as e6/ei6 (欸), bun ...

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Standard Cantonese, Standard Cantonese - Phonology, Standard Cantonese - Initials, Standard Cantonese - Finals, Standard Cantonese - Tones, Standard Cantonese - Current Phonological Shift, Standard Cantonese - Romanization, Standard Cantonese - Written Cantonese, Standard Cantonese - Cultural role, Standard Cantonese - Loanwords, Standard Cantonese - Imported loanwords, Standard Cantonese - Exported loanwords, Standard Cantonese - Cantonese versus Mandarin

Read more here: » Standard Cantonese: Encyclopedia II - Standard Cantonese - Phonology

A Steering Committee, chaired by the Permanent Secretary for Commerce, Industry and Technology (Commerce and Industry) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Miss Denise Yue, was set up in August 2004. Seven working groups under the Committee have been established. Their tasks do cover the following areas: accommodation conference facilities transport and airport reception security and accreditation media, publicity and community relations social programmes, commercial sponsorship and liaison support information & commu ...

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WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Background, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Doha development agenda, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Possible agenda, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Principles of the negotiations, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - The potential benefits of the success of the MC6, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - The barriers faced by the MC6, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Participations of the member countries, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Pre-conference predictions, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Planning, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Venue, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Security and emergency, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Logistics, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Media, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Finance, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - The participation of NGOs, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Participating parties, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Facilities offered for the NGOs, WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Demonstrations

Read more here: » WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005: Encyclopedia II - WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005 - Planning

There are many myths and legends that say Hongli was actually a Han and not of Manchu descent, whilst there were some that say Hongli is only half Manchu and half Han Chinese descent. Nevertheless, looking at historical records, Hongli was adored both by his grandfather, the Kangxi Emperor and his father, the Yongzheng Emperor. Some historians argue that the main reason why Kangxi Emperor appointed Yongzheng as his successor to the throne was because of Qianlong as he was his favourite grandson and felt that Hongli's mannerism and ways to be very close to his own. As a teenager he was very able in martial ...

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Qianlong Emperor, Qianlong Emperor - Early years, Qianlong Emperor - Ascension to the throne, Qianlong Emperor - Frontier Wars, Qianlong Emperor - Artistic achievements, Qianlong Emperor - Later years, Qianlong Emperor - Legends, Qianlong Emperor - Family, Qianlong Emperor - Consorts, Qianlong Emperor - Children

Read more here: » Qianlong Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Qianlong Emperor - Early years

Although the Chinese tea ceremony is not as elaborate as those developed in Japan, the ritualized drinking of tea is often still practiced. The most important work on tea making is the Cha Ching. It is the only extant work of the Tang Dynasty scholar and poet, Lu Yu, and was written about 800 BCE. He describes many aspects of tea making from the location of the teahouse to the mode of drinking. His treatise is considered definitive by many. In Northern Imperial China, teahouses were regarded as retreats for gentlemen, and later for businessmen. Deals would be discussed and sealed in the neutral, relaxed surroundings of ...

See also:

Yum cha, Yum cha - Teahouse, Yum cha - Eating utensils, Yum cha - Teabowl, Yum cha - Chopsticks, Yum cha - Toothpick, Yum cha - Dim sum, Yum cha - Rituals, Yum cha - Finger tapping, Yum cha - Taking away the lid from the teapot before refilling, Yum cha - Reference

Read more here: » Yum cha: Encyclopedia II - Yum cha - Teahouse

In pre-modern times, the theory of foreign relations of China held that China was the Middle Kingdom, the center of world civilization, with the Chinese emperor being the leader of the civilized world. This view saw China as equivalent to all under heaven. All other states were considered to be tributaries, under the suzerain rule of China. This political theory was largely accepted in East Asia, often even in periods of Chinese weakness, ...

See also:

Foreign relations of imperial China, Foreign relations of imperial China - Before European contact, Foreign relations of imperial China - After European contact

Read more here: » Foreign relations of imperial China: Encyclopedia II - Foreign relations of imperial China - Before European contact

In military traditions of various times and places, there have been numerous methods of performing salutes, using hand gestures, cannon or rifle shots, hoisting of flags, removal of head gear or other means of showing respect or obeisance. Salute - Hand Salutes. A common military hand salute consists of raising the right hand, held flat, to the right eyebrow. In the United States, the hand is horizontal, as if shading the eyes. This salute is based on the British naval-salute of the Royal Navy which ...

See also:

Salute, Salute - Civilian Salutes, Salute - Roman salute, Salute - Clenched fist salute, Salute - Greetings, Salute - Obeisances, Salute - Military Salutes, Salute - Hand Salutes, Salute - Small Arms Salutes, Salute - Heavy Arms : Gun Salutes, Salute - From United States Army Field Manual FM 22-5, Salute - Salutes in Fiction

Read more here: » Salute: Encyclopedia II - Salute - Military Salutes

Traditionally, the emoticon in Western style is written from left to right, the way one reads and writes in most Western cultures. Thus, most commonly, you'll see the eyes on the left, followed by the nose and mouth. To more easily recognise them, tilt your head towards your left shoulder (or occasionally towards your right shoulder if the "top" of the emoticon is towards the right). The smile is represented with a basic smiley :-). The colon represents the eyes, the hyphen is for the n ...

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Emoticon, Emoticon - History, Emoticon - Background, Emoticon - Creation of :-, Emoticon - Internet usage, Emoticon - Purposes, Emoticon - Western style, Emoticon - Basic examples, Emoticon - Variants, Emoticon - Head and hands emoticons, Emoticon - Posture emoticons, Emoticon - East Asian style, Emoticon - Basic examples, Emoticon - Anime style, Emoticon - Basic examples, Emoticon - Complex examples, Emoticon - Graphic emoticons

Read more here: » Emoticon: Encyclopedia II - Emoticon - Western style

There are several special circumstances in which tea is prepared and consumed. As a sign of respect: In Chinese society, the younger generation always shows its respect to the older generation by offering a cup of tea. Inviting and paying for their elders to go to restaurants for tea is a traditional activity on holidays. In the past, people of lower rank served tea to higher ranking people. Today, as Chinese society becomes more liberal, sometimes at home parents may pour a cup of tea for their children, or a boss may e ...

See also:

Chinese tea culture, Chinese tea culture - Tea drinking customs, Chinese tea culture - How to say thanks for tea, Chinese tea culture - Brewing Chinese tea, Chinese tea culture - A traditional way of brewing Chinese tea, Chinese tea culture - Tea cultures of specific traditions and societies

Read more here: » Chinese tea culture: Encyclopedia II - Chinese tea culture - Tea drinking customs