The region of Kiev dominated the state of Kievan Rus′ for the next two centuries. The grand prince (velikiy kniaz') of Kiev controlled the lands around the city, and his theoretically subordinate relatives ruled in other cities and paid him tribute. The zenith of the state's power came during the reigns of Prince Vladimir (Vladimir the Great, r. 980-1015) and Prince Yaroslav (the Wise; r. 1019-1054). Both rulers continued the steady ...

See also:

Kievan Rus', Kievan Rus' - Early history of Rus′, Kievan Rus' - The Golden Age of Kiev, Kievan Rus' - The Rise of regional centers, Kievan Rus' - Novgorod Republic, Kievan Rus' - North-east, Kievan Rus' - South-west, Kievan Rus' - Influence, Kievan Rus' - Notes

Read more here: » Kievan Rus': Encyclopedia II - Kievan Rus' - The Golden Age of Kiev

Belarusian (беларуская мова) is the language of the Belarusian people. It is one of the three East Slavic languages and is spoken in and around Belarus. It shares some vocabulary with the languages of the neighboring Slavic nations, most notably with Ukrainian, Polish, Russian and Slovakian. It is also known as "Belarusan", "Byelorussian", "Belorussian", or "Belarusian". The word "Byelorussian" is an adjective derived from the transliteration of the Russian name of the country (Byelorussia). It was in predo ...

Including:

• Belarusian language - History
• Belarusian language - Orthography
• Belarusian language - Belarusian Cyrillic alphabet
• Belarusian language - Belarusian Latin alphabet
• Belarusian language - Transliteration
• Belarusian language - Grammar
• Belarusian language - Phonetics
• Belarusian language - Vocabulary
• Belarusian language - Comparison
• Belarusian language - Nouns nazounik
• Belarusian language - Pronouns zajmiennik

Read more here: » Belarusian language: Encyclopedia - Belarusian language

The modern Belarusian language has evolved considerably from its early roots, the dialects of Old East Slavic (Common East Slavic) spoken in the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Rus' and Samogitia. On the basis of Belarusian (and Ukrainian) dialects a chancellery language was developed that afterwards became a fully-fledged Belarusian-Ukrainian literary language called Ruthenian (but in Belarusian context often also called Old Belarusian; the name used by the speakers themselves was the name inherited from Old East Sl ...

See also:

Belarusian language, Belarusian language - History, Belarusian language - Orthography, Belarusian language - Belarusian Cyrillic alphabet, Belarusian language - Belarusian Latin alphabet, Belarusian language - Transliteration, Belarusian language - Grammar, Belarusian language - Phonetics, Belarusian language - Vocabulary, Belarusian language - Comparison, Belarusian language - Nouns nazounik, Belarusian language - Pronouns zajmiennik

Read more here: » Belarusian language: Encyclopedia II - Belarusian language - History

Bylina (Russian: были́на, also Byliny and Stariny) is a traditional epic, heroic narrative poetry of early East Slavs of Kievan Rus, the tradition continued in Russia and Ukraine. Bylina comes from the Russian "byl'" (быль), a word which signifies a story of real events, as opposed to a fictional one. Bylinas are kind of poetry without rhyme (blank verse), but with a characteristic rhythm, a kind of free verse. Most of bylinas were preserved in northern regions of Russia, and their style ...

Read more here: » Bylina: Encyclopedia - Bylina

The Eastern Orthodox Church (encompassing national Orthodox jurisdictions such as Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, etc.—see Eastern Orthodox Church organization) is a body of Christians which claims origins extending directly back to Jesus and his Apostles through unbroken Apostolic Succession. Its doctrines were formalized through a series of church councils, the most authoritative being the Seven Ecumenical Councils held between the 4th and 8th centuries. These councils were convened out of the necessity to resolve conflicts that ...

Including:

• Eastern Orthodox Church - Beliefs
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Trinity
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Salvation
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Tradition
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Bible
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Sin and redemption
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Incarnation
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Theotokos
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Resurrection
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Saints relics and the deceased
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Last Things
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Art and Architecture
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Church buildings
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Icons
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Traditions
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Chanting
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Incense
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Monasticism
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Fasting
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Almsgiving
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Baptism
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Chrismation
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Communion
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Repentance
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Marriage
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Holy Orders
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Anointing with Holy Oil
• Eastern Orthodox Church - History
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The early Church
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Roman/Byzantine Empire
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Seven Ecumenical Councils
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Great Schism
• Eastern Orthodox Church - Conversion of the Slavs
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church in North America
• Eastern Orthodox Church - The Church today

Read more here: » Eastern Orthodox Church: Encyclopedia - Eastern Orthodox Church

Chernihiv or Chernigov is an ancient city in northern Ukraine, the capital of Chernihiv Oblast (province). The city population is 295,500 (2004). (Ukrainian: Чернігів, Chernihiv; Russian: Чернигов, Chernigov). Chernihiv - History. Chernigov was first mentioned in chronicles in 907, but is considered to have existed at least in the ninth century, as uncovered by archeological excavations of a settle ...

Including:

• Chernihiv - History
• Chernihiv - Downtown
• Chernihiv - Monasteries

Read more here: » Chernihiv: Encyclopedia - Chernihiv

Bukovina (see the the list of alternative names for the name in different languages) is the territory on the northern slopes of the northeastern Carpathian Mountains and the adjoining plains. It is currently split between Romania and Ukraine. Bukovina - Name. The name Bukovina came into official use in 1775 with the region's annexation to the Austrian Habsburg possessions, later known as the Austrian Empire, and Austria-Hungary. The name has a Slavic origin and is derived from the word for beech tree ...

Including:

• Bukovina - Name
• Bukovina - History
• Bukovina - Demographic history
• Bukovina - Current population
• Bukovina - Cities and towns
• Bukovina - Northern Bukovina
• Bukovina - Southern Bukovina
• Bukovina - Sources and References

Read more here: » Bukovina: Encyclopedia - Bukovina

History of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth The Apostles Ecumenical councils Great Schism The Crusades Reformation The Trinity God the Father Christ the Son The Holy Spirit The Bible Old Testament New Testament Apocrypha The Gospels Ten Commandments Sermon on the Mount Christian theology Salvation · Grace Christian worship Christian Church Catholicism Orthodox Christianity Protestantism Christian denominat ...

Including:

• History of Christianity - Roots of Christianity
• History of Christianity - The Jewish background
• History of Christianity - The Life of Jesus of Nazareth
• History of Christianity - The earliest emergence of Christianity
• History of Christianity - The Earliest Church
• History of Christianity - Break with Judaism
• History of Christianity - The Martyrs
• History of Christianity - The Apologists
• History of Christianity - House Churches
• History of Christianity - The writings of the New Testament apocrypha
• History of Christianity - Early heresies
• History of Christianity - Gnosticism
• History of Christianity - Competing religions
• History of Christianity - Second and third centuries
• History of Christianity - Fourth century
• History of Christianity - Development of the canon of scripture
• History of Christianity - Christianity legalized in the Roman Empire
• History of Christianity - The Christological controversies
• History of Christianity - Fifth century
• History of Christianity - The conversion of the Mediterranean world
• History of Christianity - Developing Christianity outside the Mediterranean world
• History of Christianity - The development of the Papacy
• History of Christianity - The rise of Islam
• History of Christianity - Persecutions
• History of Christianity - Spread of Christianity to central and eastern Europe
• History of Christianity - Church and state in the Medieval west
• History of Christianity - Schisms between East and West
• History of Christianity - The later Middle Ages
• History of Christianity - Early America
• History of Christianity - The Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation
• History of Christianity - Protestantism and the Rise of Denominationalism
• History of Christianity - 19th century
• History of Christianity - Anti-clericalism and atheistic communism
• History of Christianity - 20th century
• History of Christianity - Catholic reforms
• History of Christianity - Non-Catholic developments
• History of Christianity - The spread of secularism
• History of Christianity - 21st century
• History of Christianity - Historiography
• History of Christianity - Print resources

Read more here: » History of Christianity: Encyclopedia - History of Christianity

A boyar (also spelt bojar; Romanian: boier) was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Russian and Romanian aristocracy, second only to the ruling princes, from the 10th through the 17th century. Boyar - Boyars in Ruthenia / Russia. In the Russian language, the singular is boyarin (боярин), the plural is boyare. Boyars wielded considerable power through their military support of the Kievan princes. Power and prestige of many of them, however, soon came to depend ...

Including:

• Boyar - Boyars in Ruthenia / Russia
• Boyar - Related article

Read more here: » Boyar: Encyclopedia - Boyar

The baptism of Kiev most likely occurred in 988, when the Prince Vladimir I of Rus exhorted the residents of the capital city Kiev to the Dnieper river for baptism. This mass baptism became the iconic inaugural event in the forced Christianization of the state of Kievan Rus'. It was preceded by Vladimir's personal baptism in the city of Korsun, or Chersones, in Crimea. Legend says that at first Vladimir baptised his 12 sons and many boyars. He destroyed the wooden statues of Slavic pagan gods that stood on the hill by Vladimir' ...

Read more here: » Baptism of Kievan Rus': Encyclopedia - Baptism of Kievan Rus'

The Mongols are an ethnic group that originated in what is now Mongolia, Russia, and China, particularly Inner Mongolia. They currently number about 8.5 million and speak the Mongol language. There are approximately 2.3 million Mongols in Mongolia, 4 million Mongols living in Inner Mongolia, and 2 million Mongols living in neighboring provinces. In addition, there are a number of ethnic groups in North China and Russia related to the Mongols: the Daur, Buryat, Evenk, Dorbod and Kalmyk. Mongols - History. Including:

• Mongols - History
• Mongols - Genghis Khan
• Mongols - Mongol Empire
• Mongols - Ethnic cultural and religious diversity
• Mongols - Military innovation
• Mongols - Timeline of conquest
• Mongols - Modern history

Read more here: » Mongols: Encyclopedia - Mongols

Genghis Khan ▶ (help·info) (c. 11621–August 18, 1227) (Cyrillic: Чингис Хаан), (also spelled as Chinggis Khan, Jenghis Khan, etc.), (pronounced ʧiŋgɪs χaːŋ), born as Tem ...

Including:

• Genghis Khan - Birth and early life
• Genghis Khan - His family
• Genghis Khan - Uniting the Central Asian confederations
• Genghis Khan - From Temüjin to Genghis Khan
• Genghis Khan - Military campaigns
• Genghis Khan - First war with Western Xia
• Genghis Khan - Conquest of the Khara-Khitan Khanate
• Genghis Khan - Invasion of Khwarezmid Empire
• Genghis Khan - The defeat of the Kieven Rus
• Genghis Khan - Second war with Western Xia and Jin Dynasty
• Genghis Khan - Mongol Empire
• Genghis Khan - Politics and economics
• Genghis Khan - Military
• Genghis Khan - Destruction and effects after conquests
• Genghis Khan - Civilians
• Genghis Khan - Property and cultural treasures
• Genghis Khan - Division of Mongol Empire into Khanates
• Genghis Khan - Death and burial
• Genghis Khan - His personality
• Genghis Khan - Legacy
• Genghis Khan - In most of the world
• Genghis Khan - In Mongolia
• Genghis Khan - Name and title
• Genghis Khan - Short timeline
• Genghis Khan - Notes

Read more here: » Genghis Khan: Encyclopedia - Genghis Khan

Lithuanian nation rose in 7th – 9th centuries AC from Baltic nations group. Balts, the ancestors of Lithuanians and Latvians, had arrived to territories between Dnepr, Daugava rivers and the Baltic sea from hypothetic Indo-European original homeland. Many scientists date this arrival to 3 millenary BC. We may only suppose, that Balts, which had been arrived with the main wave of Indo-Europeans, were not included in forming processes or later Indo-European nations in South and Western Europe. Balts stayed away from this development, ...

Including:

• Culture of Lithuania - Pre-lithuanian period till about the end of 10th century AD.
• Culture of Lithuania - Period of rising of Lithuanian nation 10th – 14th centuries AC
• Culture of Lithuania - The Early Christian period The end of 14th – middle of 15th century
• Culture of Lithuania - The christening of Lithuania
• Culture of Lithuania - Cultural changes in lower estates
• Culture of Lithuania - Cultural changes in higher estates
• Culture of Lithuania - The earlier part of Middle Christian period The middle of 16th – end of 17th century
• Culture of Lithuania - The Protestant Reformation in G.D.L.
• Culture of Lithuania - Printing of books
• Culture of Lithuania - Lithuanian-language culture and its situation
• Culture of Lithuania - The later part of Middle Christian period
• Culture of Lithuania - List of cultural events of XVIII – XX centuries

Read more here: » Culture of Lithuania: Encyclopedia - Culture of Lithuania

Ukrainian (украї́нська мо́ва, ukrayins'ka mova, [ukraˈjinsʲka ˈmɔva]) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. It is the official state language of Ukraine. Ukrainian uses a Cyrillic alphabet. It shares some vocabulary with the languages of the neighboring Slavic nations, most notably with Belarusian, Polish, Russian and Slovakian. Ukrainian traces its origins to the Old East Slavic language of the ancient state of ...

Including:

• Ukrainian language - History
• Ukrainian language - Perspective
• Ukrainian language - Origin
• Ukrainian language - Ancient history
• Ukrainian language - Kievan Rus' and Halych-Volhynia
• Ukrainian language - Post-independence: Lithuania/Poland Muscovy/Russia and Austro-Hungary
• Ukrainian language - Soviet era
• Ukrainian language - Independence in the modern era
• Ukrainian language - History of Ukrainian literature
• Ukrainian language - Current usage
• Ukrainian language - Dialects of Ukrainian
• Ukrainian language - Ukrainophone population
• Ukrainian language - Language structure
• Ukrainian language - Comparative grammar
• Ukrainian language - Phonetics
• Ukrainian language - Alphabet

Read more here: » Ukrainian language: Encyclopedia - Ukrainian language

The Danelaw (from the Old English Dena lagu) was an area of England under the administrative control of the Vikings (or Danes, or Norsemen) from the late 9th century. The term is also used to describe the set of legal terms and definitions established between Alfred the Great and the Viking Guthrum which were set down in agreements such as the Treaty of Wedmore which established a modus vivendi between the Anglo-Saxons and the Viking in-comers. Danelaw - Geography of the Danelaw. The area occu ...

Including:

• Danelaw - Geography of the Danelaw
• Danelaw - History of the Danelaw
• Danelaw - Legal concepts of the Danelaw
• Danelaw - Enduring impact of the Danelaw
• Danelaw - Significant archaeological sites related to the Danelaw
• Danelaw - Bibliography

Read more here: » Danelaw: Encyclopedia - Danelaw

Danylo of Galicia (Ukrainian: Данило Галицький, Danylo Halyts’kyi), (1201-1264) was the 1st King of Galicia, Knyaz of Halych (1205–1206, 1211–1212, 1229–1231, 1233–1235, 1238–1255), Peremyshl (1211), and Volodymyr-Volynsky (1212–1231). He was crowned by a papal archbishop in Dorohychyn 1253/1255 as the 1st King of Galicia (1253–1264). Danylo of Halych - Biography. In 1205, after the death of his father, Roman Mstyslavyc ...

Including:

• Danylo of Halych - Biography
• Danylo of Halych - Family
• Danylo of Halych - Mother
• Danylo of Halych - Father
• Danylo of Halych - Wives
• Danylo of Halych - Brother
• Danylo of Halych - Sisters
• Danylo of Halych - Sons
• Danylo of Halych - Daughters

Read more here: » Danylo of Halych: Encyclopedia - Danylo of Halych

Cumans, also called as Polovtsy, (Russian Половцы, from old Slavic for pale yellowish) was the European name for the Western Kipchaks, a nomadic West Turkic tribe living on the north of the Black Sea along the Volga. They invaded Southern Ukraine, Moldova, Wallachia and part of Transylvania in the 11th century and from here they continued their plundering of t ...

Read more here: » Cumans: Encyclopedia - Cumans

Constantine IX Monomachos (c. 1000 - January 11, 1055) reigned as Byzantine emperor from June 11, 1042 to January 11, 1055. He had been chosen by Zoë as a husband and co-emperor in 1042, although he had been exiled for conspiring against her previous husband Michael IV. They ruled together until Zoë died in 1050. In 1043 he relieved General George Maniaces from his command in Italy, and Maniaces declared himself emperor. His troops were about to defeat Constantine in battle, but he was wounded and died on the field, ending th ...

Read more here: » Constantine IX: Encyclopedia - Constantine IX

Constantine VII Porphyrogenitos ("the Purple-born") (Constantinople, 905 – Constantinople, November 9, 959) was the son of Byzantine emperor Leo VI and his fourth wife Zoe Karvounopsina. He was also the nephew of Alexander III. He is famous for his two descriptive books, De Administrando Imperio and De Ceremoniis. His nickname alludes to the Purple Room of the imperial palace, where legitimate children of the emperors were normally born. Constantine was also born in this room, although his mother Zoe had ...

Including:

• Constantine VII - Reign
• Constantine VII - Books

Read more here: » Constantine VII: Encyclopedia - Constantine VII

The Varangians (Russian: Variags, Варяги) were Scandinavians who travelled eastwards, mainly from Jutland and Sweden. Promoting trade, piracy and mercenary militarism, they roamed the river systems and portages of what later became Russia, reaching the Caspian Sea and Constantinople. Their name came from Old Norse Væringjar, which may have come from the Old Norse plural noun várar = "pledge, troth". The East Slavs and the Byzantines, however, did not distinguish Scandinavians from other Germa ...

Including:

• Varangian - The Varangian Rus
• Varangian - The Varangian Guard
• Varangian - Primary Sources
• Varangian - Sources
• Varangian - Notes

Read more here: » Varangian: Encyclopedia - Varangian