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Kazan | A Wisdom Archive on Kazan | | Kazan A selection of articles related to Kazan | |
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kazan, Kazan, Kazan - Administrative system, Kazan - Central Kazan, Kazan - City ethnic communities, Kazan - Economy, Kazan - Historical naming, Kazan - Historical population, Kazan - History, Kazan - Languages, Kazan - Name, Kazan - The University, Kazan - Transport, Kazan - Bistä or Posad, Kazan - Kremlin, Kazan - Other communities, Kazan - Tatars and Russians, Kazan - Wooden Kazan, Saban Tuy, Näwrüz, Qorban-Bäyräm, Uraza-Bäyräm
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Kazan | | | | | | | |  Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - SocietyThe state was governed by the khan. His action was based on the cabinet council Diwan's decisions and advisements.
The nobility included bäk (beg), ämir (emir), and the morza (murza). Military estates consisted of the uğlan (ulan), bahadir, içki (ichki). Muslim clergy also played a major role. They were divided into säyet (seid), şäyex (sheikh), qazí (qazi), and imams. The ulema or clergy played a judicial role, and maintained the madrassas and maktabs (schools). The majority of the population were qara xalıq (black ...
See also:Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Kazan - Khanate's geography and population, Khanate of Kazan - Economics, Khanate of Kazan - Society, Khanate of Kazan - Culture, Khanate of Kazan - Administrative division, Khanate of Kazan - Military forces, Khanate of Kazan - History Read more here: » Khanate of Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - Society |
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| | | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - Military forces The military of the khanate consisted of armament and men from the darughas and subject lands, khan guards, and the troops of the nobility. The number of soldiers was never constant, ranging from 20,000 to 60,000 in number. Often, troops from Nogay, the Crimean and Russia also served for the Kazan khans.
Fire-arms (arquebuse) were used for defending the walls of Kazan.
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See also:Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Kazan - Khanate's geography and population, Khanate of Kazan - Economics, Khanate of Kazan - Society, Khanate of Kazan - Culture, Khanate of Kazan - Administrative division, Khanate of Kazan - Military forces, Khanate of Kazan - History Read more here: » Khanate of Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - Military forces |
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| | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - Culture In general, the culture of the Kazan Khanate descended from that of Volga Bulgaria. Cultural elements of the Golden Horde were also present in noble circles.
A large part of the population were literate. Large libraries were present in mosques and madrassahs. Kazan became a center of science and theology. Worldly literature also developed: the most prominent Old Tatar language poets were Möxämmädyar, Ömmi Kamal, Möxämmädämin, Ğärifbäk, and Qolşärif. Möxämmädyar renovated the traditions of Kaz ...
See also:Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Kazan - Khanate's geography and population, Khanate of Kazan - Economics, Khanate of Kazan - Society, Khanate of Kazan - Culture, Khanate of Kazan - Administrative division, Khanate of Kazan - Military forces, Khanate of Kazan - History Read more here: » Khanate of Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - Culture |
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| | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - Military forces The military of the khanate consisted of armament and men from the darughas and subject lands, khan guards, and the troops of the nobility. The number of soldiers was never constant, ranging from 20'000 to 60'000 in number. Often, troops from Nogay, the Crimean and Russia also served for the Kazan khans.
Fire-arms (arquebuse) were used for defending the walls of Kazan.
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See also:Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Kazan - Khanate's geography and population, Khanate of Kazan - Economics, Khanate of Kazan - Society, Khanate of Kazan - Culture, Khanate of Kazan - Administrative division, Khanate of Kazan - Military forces, Khanate of Kazan - History Read more here: » Khanate of Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Khanate of Kazan - Military forces |
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| | | | | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Slavic dragon - East Slavic In Russia and Ukraine, a particular dragon-like creature, Zmey Gorynych, has three heads, is green, walks on two back paws, has small front paws, and spits fire. According to one bylina, Zmey Gorynych was killed by Dobrynya Nikitich.
Other Russian dragons (Zilant, Tugarin Zmeevich) have Turkic names, probably symbolizing the Mongols and other steppe peoples. Accordingly, St George (symbolizing Christianity) killing the Dragon (symbolizing Islam) is represented on the coat of arms of Moscow. Some prehistoric structures, notably the Serpent's Wall near Kiev, have been associate ...
See also:Slavic dragon, Slavic dragon - East Slavic, Slavic dragon - South Slavic, Slavic dragon - West Slavic Read more here: » Slavic dragon: Encyclopedia II - Slavic dragon - East Slavic |
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| | | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky - Biography Lobachevsky was born in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. His parents were Ivan Maksimovich Lobachevsky, a clerk in a landsurveying office, and Praskovia Alexandrovna Lobachevskaya. In 1800, his father died and his mother moved to Kazan. In Kazan, Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky attended Kazan Gymnasium, graduating in 1807 and then Kazan University which was founded just three years earlier, in 1804.
At Kazan University, Lobachevsky was influenced by professor Martin Bartels (1769–1833), a friend of Carl Friedrich Gauss. Lobachevsky received a ...
See also:Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky - Biography, Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky - Mathematical results, Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky - In popular culture, Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky - External link Read more here: » Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky: Encyclopedia II - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky - Biography |
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| | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - List of twin towns and sister cities - Europe
List of twin towns and sister cities - Albania.
Tirana - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1996)
List of twin towns and sister cities - Austria.
Graz - Coventry, UK (1948); Darmstadt, Germany (1968); Dubrovnik, Croatia; Groningen, Netherlands (1964); Maribor, Slovenia (1987); Montclair, New Jersey, USA (1950); Pécs, Hungary (1989); Pula, Croatia (1972); Trieste, Italy 1973; Trondheim, Norway (1968
Innsbruck - Kraków, Poland; Sarajevo, Bosnia and He ...
See also:List of twin towns and sister cities, List of twin towns and sister cities - Africa, List of twin towns and sister cities - Algeria, List of twin towns and sister cities - Cameroon, List of twin towns and sister cities - Egypt, List of twin towns and sister cities - Ethiopia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Ghana, List of twin towns and sister cities - Kenya, List of twin towns and sister cities - Libya, List of twin towns and sister cities - Morocco, List of twin towns and sister cities - Mozambique, List of twin towns and sister cities - Namibia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Republic of the Congo, List of twin towns and sister cities - Sierra Leone, List of twin towns and sister cities - South Africa, List of twin towns and sister cities - Swaziland, List of twin towns and sister cities - Tanzania, List of twin towns and sister cities - Tunisia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Western Sahara, List of twin towns and sister cities - Zimbabwe, List of twin towns and sister cities - Asia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Armenia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Azerbaijan, List of twin towns and sister cities - Cambodia, List of twin towns and sister cities - China PRC, List of twin towns and sister cities - Georgia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Indonesia, List of twin towns and sister cities - India, List of twin towns and sister cities - Iran, List of twin towns and sister cities - Israel, List of twin towns and sister cities - Japan, List of twin towns and sister cities - Kazakhstan, List of twin towns and sister cities - Kyrgyzstan, List of twin towns and sister cities - Kuwait, List of twin towns and sister cities - Malaysia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Palestine, List of twin towns and sister cities - Philippines, List of twin towns and sister cities - Russia, List of twin towns and sister cities - South Korea, List of twin towns and sister cities - Taiwan ROC, List of twin towns and sister cities - Tajikistan, List of twin towns and sister cities - Thailand, List of twin towns and sister cities - Turkey, List of twin towns and sister cities - Uzbekistan, List of twin towns and sister cities - Vietnam, List of twin towns and sister cities - Europe, List of twin towns and sister cities - Albania, List of twin towns and sister cities - Austria, List of twin towns and sister cities - Belgium, List of twin towns and sister cities - Bosnia and Herzegovina, List of twin towns and sister cities - Bulgaria, List of twin towns and sister cities - Croatia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Czech Republic, List of twin towns and sister cities - Denmark, List of twin towns and sister cities - Estonia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Faroe Islands, List of twin towns and sister cities - Finland, List of twin towns and sister cities - France, List of twin towns and sister cities - Germany, List of twin towns and sister cities - Greece, List of twin towns and sister cities - Greenland, List of twin towns and sister cities - Hungary, List of twin towns and sister cities - Iceland, List of twin towns and sister cities - Ireland Republic of, List of twin towns and sister cities - Italy, List of twin towns and sister cities - Latvia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Lithuania, List of twin towns and sister cities - Luxembourg, List of twin towns and sister cities - Macedonia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Moldova, List of twin towns and sister cities - Netherlands, List of twin towns and sister cities - Norway, List of twin towns and sister cities - Poland, List of twin towns and sister cities - Portugal, List of twin towns and sister cities - Romania, List of twin towns and sister cities - Russia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Serbia and Montenegro, List of twin towns and sister cities - Slovakia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Slovenia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Spain, List of twin towns and sister cities - Sweden, List of twin towns and sister cities - Switzerland, List of twin towns and sister cities - Turkey, List of twin towns and sister cities - United Kingdom, List of twin towns and sister cities - Ukraine, List of twin towns and sister cities - North America, List of twin towns and sister cities - Bahamas, List of twin towns and sister cities - Barbados, List of twin towns and sister cities - Canada, List of twin towns and sister cities - Cuba, List of twin towns and sister cities - Costa Rica, List of twin towns and sister cities - Dominican Republic, List of twin towns and sister cities - Greenland, List of twin towns and sister cities - Guatemala, List of twin towns and sister cities - Jamaica, List of twin towns and sister cities - Mexico, List of twin towns and sister cities - Nicaragua, List of twin towns and sister cities - Trinidad and Tobago, List of twin towns and sister cities - United States, List of twin towns and sister cities - Oceania, List of twin towns and sister cities - Australia, List of twin towns and sister cities - New Zealand, List of twin towns and sister cities - South America, List of twin towns and sister cities - Argentina, List of twin towns and sister cities - Brazil, List of twin towns and sister cities - Chile, List of twin towns and sister cities - Colombia, List of twin towns and sister cities - Ecuador, List of twin towns and sister cities - Venezuela, List of twin towns and sister cities - Suriname Read more here: » List of twin towns and sister cities: Encyclopedia II - List of twin towns and sister cities - Europe |
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| | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - History of Tatarstan - After the Russian invasion After 1552 the khanate was governed by Kazan Palace's Office formed in Moscow. In 1555 a bishop was appointed in Kazan with a mandate to baptize the Idel-Ural peoples. Many churches and monasteries were built, and Russian peasants and craftsmen were resettled within Tatarstan. At the same time ethnic Tatars were removed from Kazan proper as well as regions close to rivers and roads. Under pressure from the Russians many Tatars emigrated to the Upper Kama, Trans-Kama area, Bashkortostan, the Urals and Siberia during the 16th and 17th centurie ...
See also:History of Tatarstan, History of Tatarstan - Pre-history, History of Tatarstan - Turkic peoples, History of Tatarstan - Volga Bulgaria, History of Tatarstan - Mongol invasion, History of Tatarstan - Khanate of Kazan, History of Tatarstan - After the Russian invasion, History of Tatarstan - Revolution and Civilian War, History of Tatarstan - The Soviet rule, History of Tatarstan - Post-Soviet history Read more here: » History of Tatarstan: Encyclopedia II - History of Tatarstan - After the Russian invasion |
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| | | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Engelbert Kaempfer - Travels
Engelbert Kaempfer - Persia.
In 1681 he visited Uppsala in Sweden, where he was offered inducements to settle; but his desire for foreign travel led him to become secretary to the embassy which Charles XI sent through Russia to Persia in 1683. He reached Persia by way of Moscow, Kazan and Astrakhan, landing at Nizabad in Dagestan after a voyage in the Caspian Sea; from Shemakha in Shirvan he made an expedition to the Baku peninsula, being perhaps the first modern scientist to visit these fields of eternal fire. I ...
See also:Engelbert Kaempfer, Engelbert Kaempfer - Early Life, Engelbert Kaempfer - Travels, Engelbert Kaempfer - Persia, Engelbert Kaempfer - Japan, Engelbert Kaempfer - Manuscripts, Engelbert Kaempfer - External link Read more here: » Engelbert Kaempfer: Encyclopedia II - Engelbert Kaempfer - Travels |
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| | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Mongol invasion of Rus - The age of Tatar yoke This time the invaders came to stay, and they built for themselves a capital, called Sarai, on the lower Volga. Here the commander of the Golden Horde, as the western section of the Mongol empire was called, fixed his golden headquarters and represented the majesty of his sovereign the grand khan who lived with the Great Horde in the Orkhon Valley of the Amur. Here they had their headquarters and held Russia in subjection for nearly three centuries.
The term by which this subjection is commonly designated, the Mongol or Tatar yoke, su ...
See also:Mongol invasion of Rus, Mongol invasion of Rus - Background, Mongol invasion of Rus - Invasion of Batu Khan, Mongol invasion of Rus - The age of Tatar yoke, Mongol invasion of Rus - Mongol punitive expeditions to Russia, Mongol invasion of Rus - Influence, Mongol invasion of Rus - Successors of the Golden Horde Read more here: » Mongol invasion of Rus: Encyclopedia II - Mongol invasion of Rus - The age of Tatar yoke |
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| | | | | Kazan: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Russia In 1547, Ivan IV of Russia, of the Moscovian dynasty, changed his title from "Veliki Kniaz (Grand Duke) of the whole Rus" to "tsar of the whole Rus" as a symbol of change in the nature of the Russian state. In 1721 Peter I adopted the title Emperor (Император [Imperator]), by which he and his heirs were recognised, and which continued to be used informally as a synonym of Tsar.
Actually, the new style was adopted precisely to underline a claim that Russia, by now a rising major power in Europe, invoking a marria ...
See also:Tsar, Tsar - Etymology and spelling, Tsar - History of usage, Tsar - Bulgaria, Tsar - Russia, Tsar - Full title of Russian tsars, Tsar - Titles in the Russian Royal/Imperial family, Tsar - Notes, Tsar - Serbia, Tsar - Metaphorical uses, Tsar - Sources and References Read more here: » Tsar: Encyclopedia II - Tsar - Russia |
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