Encyclopedia - Karyotype: Encyclopedia - Karyotype
A karyotype is the complete set of all chromosomes of a cell of any living organism. The chromosomes are arranged and displayed (often on...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromosomes In Bacteria
Bacterial chromosomes are often circular but sometimes linear. Some bacteria have one chromosome, while others have a few. Bacterial DNA ...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Karyotype: Oceanography Dictionary - Karyotype
  Definition and meaning of karyotype:   karyotype - the entire chromosome complement of an individual cell, as seen dur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia - Chromosome
The DNA which carries genetic information in biological cells is normally packaged in the form of one or more large macromolecules called...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromatin
Two types of chromatin can be distinguished: Euchromatin, which consists of DNA that is active, e.g., expressed as protein. Heterochroma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Number Of Chromosomes In Different Species
Normal members of a particular species all have the same number of chromosomes (see the table). Asexually reproducing species have one s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromosomal Aberrations
Some chromosome abnormalities do not cause disease in carriers, such as translocations, or chromosomal inversions, although they may lead...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosomal Translocation: Encyclopedia - Chromosomal Translocation
In genetics, a chromosome translocation is the interchange of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes. It is detected on cytogenetics or ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Xyy Syndrome: Encyclopedia - Xyy Syndrome
XYY syndrome is a aneuploidy of the sex chromosomes in which a human male receives an extra Y chromosome in each cell, hence having a kar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Number Of Chromosomes In Different Species
Normal members of a particular species all have the same number of chromosomes (see the table). Asexually reproducing species have one se...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromosomal Aberrations
Some chromosome abnormalities do not cause disease in carriers, such as translocations, or chromosomal inversions, although they may lead...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosomal Translocation: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosomal Translocation - Robertsonian Translocations
This type of rearrangement involves two acrocentric chromosomes that fuse near the centromere region with loss of the short arms. The re...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosomal Translocation: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosomal Translocation - Robertsonian Translocations
This type of rearrangement involves two acrocentric chromosomes that fuse near the centromere region with loss of the short arms. The res...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromatin
Two types of chromatin can be distinguished: Euchromatin, which consists of DNA that is active, e.g., expressed as protein. Heterochroma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromosomes In Bacteria
Bacterial chromosomes are often circular but sometimes linear. Some bacteria have one chromosome, while others have a few. Bacterial DNA ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen: Encyclopedia Ii - Androgen - Insensitivity To Androgen In Humans
Reduced ability of a XY karyotype fetus to respond to androgens can result in one of several problems, including infertility and several ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Down Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Down Syndrome - History
John Langdon Down first characterized Down syndrome in 1862. Because of his perception that Down syndrome children share physical similar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Klinefelter's Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Klinefelter's Syndrome - Cause
The XXY chromosome arrangement is one of the most common genetic variations from the XY karyotype, occurring in about 1 in 1,000 male bir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Klinefelter's Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Klinefelter's Syndrome - Treatment
The condition is irreversible, but its symptoms can be altered in a number of ways, including testosterone treatment and other therapies....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turner Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Turner Syndrome - Diagnosis
Turner syndrome may be diagnosed by an amniocentesis during pregnancy. Sometimes, fetuses with Turner syndrome are identified by abnormal...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Down Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Down Syndrome - History
John Langdon Down first characterized Down syndrome in 1862 (widely published in 1866). Because of his perception that Down syndrome chil...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Y Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Y Chromosome - Y Chomosome-linked Diseases
No vital genes reside only on the Y chromosome, since 50% of humans do not have Y chromosomes. The only well-defined human disease linked...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Genetic Engineering Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Genetic Engineering Topics - K
Kappa particle -- Karyokinesis -- Karyotype -- Kilobase -- Kin selection -- Kinetochore -- Klinefelter syndrome -- ... See also:List o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sex: Encyclopedia - Sex
Sex, in the scope of this article and category, refers to the male and female duality of biology and reproduction. The somewhat similar t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism: Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism is a medical term referring to absence from the scrotum of one or both testes. This usually represents failure of the test...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen: Encyclopedia - Androgen
Androgen is the generic term for any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the developmen...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Encyclopedia - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS, or "Androgen resistance syndrome") is a set of disorders of sexual differentiation that results fro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sex: Encyclopedia - Sex
Sex, in the scope of this article and category, refers to the male and female duality of biology and reproduction. The somewhat similar t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Woman: Encyclopedia - Woman
A woman is an adult female human, as contrasted with a man (an adult male), and a girl, (a female child). The term woman (irregular plura...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Man: Encyclopedia - Man
A man is a male human adult, in contrast to an adult female, which is a woman. The term man (irregular plural: men) is a term used to ind...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hypospadias: Encyclopedia Ii - Hypospadias - Causes
Most hypospadias are sporadic, without inheritance or family recurrence. For most cases, no cause can be identified though a number of hy...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turner Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Turner Syndrome - Medical Consequences Of Turner Syndrome
While most of the symptoms of Turner syndrome are harmless, some can lead to significant medical problems. Turner syndrome - Cardiovascu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen: Encyclopedia Ii - Androgen - Androgen Functions
Androgen - Development of the male. During mammalian development, the gonads are at first capable of becoming either ovaries or testes[...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism: Encyclopedia Ii - Cryptorchidism - Normal Fetal Testicular Development And Descent
The testes begin as an immigration of primordial germ cells into testicular cords along the genital ridge in the abdomen of the early emb...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Woman: Encyclopedia Ii - Woman - Terms
The English language's original word for "woman" was Old English wīf, akin to German Weib; it later became the modern word "wife." The m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Causes Of Transsexualism
There is no scientifically proven cause of transsexualism. However, many theories have been proposed which suggest that the cause of tran...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Potter Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Potter Syndrome - Types
Since its initial characterization, Potter Syndrome has been defined into five distinct subclassifications. There are those in the medica...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Medical Laboratory: Encyclopedia Ii - Medical Laboratory - Sample Processing
What happens to a sample after it has been taken varies between localities and labs, but it will usually start with a set of samples and ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Maternal Physiology
During pregnancy, the woman undergoes many physiological changes, which are entirely normal, including cardiovascular, renal, hematologic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Man: Encyclopedia Ii - Man - Etymology
The term "man" (from Proto-Germanic mannaz "man, person") and words derived from it can designate any or even all of the human race regar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sex: Encyclopedia Ii - Sex - Sex Among Humans
In humans, sex is conventionally perceived as a dichotomous state or identity for most biological and social purposes, such that a person...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Xyy Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Xyy Syndrome - Effects
XYY syndrome - Physical traits. XYY syndrome typically causes no unusual physical features or medical problems. Males with this syndrom...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome - Normal Function Of Androgens And The Androgen Receptor
Understanding the effects of androgen insensitivity begins with an understanding of the normal effects of testosterone in male and female...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sex: Encyclopedia Ii - Sex - Sex In Non-animal Species
Plants are generally hermaphrodites, but this terminology is quickly complicated by variations in the degree of sexuality. As with animal...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromosomal Aberrations
Some chromosome abnormalities do not cause disease in carriers, such as translocations, or chromosomal inversions, although they may lead...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromatin
Two types of chromatin can be distinguished: Euchromatin, which consists of DNA that is active, e.g., expressed as protein. Heterochroma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome - Genetics, Inheritance, And Incidence
The gene, AR, for the human androgen receptor is located within the Xq11-12 area of the X chromosome. Effects of the AIS mutations behave...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sex: Encyclopedia Ii - Sex - Sex Among Humans
In humans, sex is conventionally perceived as a dichotomous state or identity for most biological and social purposes, such that a person...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome - Normal Function Of Androgens And The Androgen Receptor
Understanding the effects of androgen insensitivity begins with an understanding of the normal effects of testosterone in male and female...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Chromosomes In Bacteria
Bacterial chromosomes are often circular but sometimes linear. Some bacteria have one chromosome, while others have a few. Bacterial DNA ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chromosome: Encyclopedia Ii - Chromosome - Number Of Chromosomes In Different Species
Normal members of a particular species all have the same number of chromosomes (see the table). Asexually reproducing species have one s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turner Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Turner Syndrome - Symptoms
Common symptoms of Turner syndrome include: Short stature Lymphoedema (swelling) of the hands and feet Broad chest and widely-spaced nip...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Xyy Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Xyy Syndrome - Cause And Prevalence
XYY syndrome is not inherited, but usually occurs as a random event during the formation of sperm cells. An error in cell division called...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Potter Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Potter Syndrome - Genetics
While genetic research has linked certain genetic mutations to be the cause of ARPKD, ADPKD and possibly MRD, to date no genetic mutation...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Potter Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Potter Syndrome - Physical Characteristics
The failure of the metanephros to develop in cases of BRA and some cases involving unilateral renal agenesis (URA) is due primarily to th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Retransitions
While rare, transsexuals sometimes choose to retransition to their original sex. However, every recent study done on the number of these ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sexual Differentiation: Encyclopedia Ii - Sexual Differentiation - Chromosomal Sex Differences
Humans have 46 chromosomes, including 2 sex chromosomes, XX in females and XY in males. It is obvious that the Y chromosome must carry at...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Transsexuals In Non-western Cultures
Transsexuals enjoy varying degrees of acceptance in non-Western societies. In 1976, the supreme leader of Iran, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomei...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sexual Differentiation: Encyclopedia Ii - Sexual Differentiation - Gonadal Differentiation
Early in fetal life, germ cells migrate to the genital ridge. By week 6, undifferentiated gonads consist of germ cells, supporting cells,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sexual Differentiation: Encyclopedia Ii - Sexual Differentiation - Hormonal Differentiation
In a male fetus, testes produce steroid and protein hormones essential for internal and external anatomic differentiation. Leydig cells b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sexual Differentiation: Encyclopedia Ii - Sexual Differentiation - External Genital Differentiation
For illustrations, see the External links section. By 7 weeks, a fetus has a genital tubercle, urogenital groove and sinus, and labioscro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sexual Differentiation: Encyclopedia Ii - Sexual Differentiation - Internal Genital Differentiation
Gonads are histologically distinguishable by 6-8 weeks of gestation. A fetus of that age has both mesonephric (wolffian) and paramesoneph...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Depictions Of Transsexuality In The Media
Male-to-female transsexuals are commonly featured in pornography. Typically depicted without having had vaginoplasty, they are usually re...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Potter Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Potter Syndrome - Normal Kidney Development
In humans, the metanephros (adult kidney) begins as an aggregate of mesenchymal cells that are detectable by the fifth gestational week a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Terminology
Gender terms used to describe transsexual people always relate to the target. For example, a transsexual man is someone who was identifie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Definitions
The minimum requirements for a person to be considered transsexual are debated. Some feel that hormone-induced changes, without surgical ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Gender Reassignment Therapy
Most transsexual men and women suffer from great psychological and emotional pain due to the conflict between their gender identity and t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Legal And Social Aspects
Main article: Legal aspects of transsexualism Many Western societies, nowadays, have some sort of procedure whereby an individual can cha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Transsexual Youth
Different individuals begin to come to terms with their gender identity during many different stages in their life. In most cases, the tr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transsexuality: Encyclopedia Ii - Transsexuality - Stealth
After this level of transition and development has been achieved, some transsexual men and women may wish to blend in with other members ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Turner Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Turner Syndrome - Causes
Turner syndrome is caused by the loss of genetic material from one of the sex chromosomes. In Turner syndrome, the embryo has only one fu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism: Encyclopedia Ii - Cryptorchidism - Inheritance And Recurrence Risk Of Cryptorchidism
A small percentage of cases of isolated cryptorchidism are familial. It has been reported that about 4% of fathers and 6-10% of brothers ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen: Encyclopedia Ii - Androgen - Types Of Androgens
A subset of androgens, adrenal androgens, includes any of the 19-carbon steroids synthesized by the adrenal cortex, an adrenal gland, tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Woman: Encyclopedia Ii - Woman - Culture And Gender Roles
Main article: gender role In many prehistoric cultures, women assumed a particular cultural role. In hunter-gatherer societies, women wer...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism: Encyclopedia Ii - Cryptorchidism - Causes Of Cryptorchidism
In most full-term infant boys with cryptorchidism but no other genital abnormalities, a cause cannot be found, making this a common, spor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism: Encyclopedia Ii - Cryptorchidism - Diagnostic Evaluation
The most common diagnostic dilemma in otherwise normal boys is distinguishing a retractile testis from a testis that will not/cannot desc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism: Encyclopedia Ii - Cryptorchidism - Management Of Cryptorchidism
The primary management of cryptorchidism is surgery, called orchiopexy. It is usually performed in infancy, if inguinal testes have not d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Woman: Encyclopedia Ii - Woman - Legal Rights Of Women Historically
Some early legal systems that are the antecedents of modern systems formalized female dependency. Woman - Biblical law. In the Mosaic l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Woman: Encyclopedia Ii - Woman - Biology And Sex
Biological factors are not the sole determinants of whether persons are considered, or consider themselves, women. Some women can have ab...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Man: Encyclopedia Ii - Man - Age
Manhood is the period in a male's life after he has transitioned from a boy. Many cultures have rites of passage to symbolize a man's com...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Man: Encyclopedia Ii - Man - Biology And Sex
In terms of sex, men have various sexual characteristics that differentiate them from women. Just as in women, the sex organs of a man ar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Man: Encyclopedia Ii - Man - Gender Roles
In terms of gender, men differ from women by a variety of behaviors. Certain characteristics generally associated with men may be delinea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Woman: Encyclopedia Ii - Woman - Etymology
The English term "man" (from Proto-Germanic mannaz "man, person") and words derived therefrom can designate any or even all of the human ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Potter Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Potter Syndrome - Classic Form
Classic Potter Syndrome occurs when the developing fetus has bilateral renal agenesis, which also presents with agenesis of the ureters. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cryptorchidism: Encyclopedia Ii - Cryptorchidism - Later Fertility
Many men who were born with undescended testes have reduced fertility, even after orchiopexy in infancy. The reduction with unilateral cr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Prenatal Care
Prenatal care is important in screening for various complications of pregnancy. This includes routine office visits with physical exams a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome - Genetics Inheritance And Incidence
The gene, AR, for the human androgen receptor is located within the Xq11-12 area of the X chromosome. Effects of the AIS mutations behave...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Complications
See Complications of Pregnancy Obstetrics - Fetal assessments. Common ultrasound is used for many functions: Dating the gestational...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Induction
An obstetrician may recommend a woman have her labour induced if it is felt that continuation would be more dangerous to her, the fetus, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Imaging Monitoring And Care
In present society, medical science has developed a number of procedures to monitor pregnancy. Obstetrics - Antenatal record. On the fi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Antenatal Care
In obstetric practice, the obstetrician will see a pregnant woman on a regular basis as her pregnancy progresses. The exact schedule vari...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Obstetrics: Encyclopedia Ii - Obstetrics - Symptoms
Obstetrics - Trimesters. First trimester: elevated β-hCG (up to 100,000 mIU/mL by 10 weeks GA) can cause morning sickness, fatigue, mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sex: Encyclopedia Ii - Sex - Sex In Non-animal Species
Plants are generally hermaphrodites, but this terminology is quickly complicated by variations in the degree of sexuality. As with animal...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Man: Encyclopedia Ii - Man - Gender Roles
In terms of gender, men differ from women by a variety of behaviors. Certain characteristics generally associated with men may be delinea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hypospadias: Encyclopedia Ii - Hypospadias - Incidence
Hypospadias are among the most common birth defects of the male genitalia (second to cryptorchidism), but widely varying incidences have ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hypospadias: Encyclopedia Ii - Hypospadias - Treatment
First degree hypospadias are primarily a cosmetic defect and have little effect on function except for direction of the urinary stream. I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Medical Laboratory: Encyclopedia Ii - Medical Laboratory - Types Of Laboratory
In many countries, there are two main types of labs that process the majority of medical specimens. Hospital laboratories are attached to...   » Read the article

Article - Oceanography Sitemap I - K
This is a sitemap for Oceanography - K . Click on a link and you will find multiple definitions and articles related to the word. The ...   » Read the article

Article - Oceanography Sitemap I - A-z
This is a sitemap for Oceanography - A-Z . Click on a link and you will find multiple definitions and articles related to the word. Th...   » Read the article

Article - Popular Pages Sitemap Viii - K
This is a sitemap for Popular Pages VIII - K . Click on a link and you will find multiple definitions and articles related to the word....   » Read the article