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Karl Marx | A Wisdom Archive on Karl Marx | | Karl Marx A selection of articles related to Karl Marx | |
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Karl Marx
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Karl Marx | | | |  Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - History of communism - Karl Marx and The Communist ManifestoAlthough Marx addressed a wide range of issues, he is most famous for his analysis of history in terms of class struggle, summed up in the famous line from the introduction to the Communist Manifesto: "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle".
The Communist Manifesto, also known as The Manifesto of the Communist Party, first published on February 21, 1848 by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, is one of the world's most historically influential political tracts. Commissioned by th ...
See also:History of communism, History of communism - Early Communism, History of communism - Karl Marx and The Communist Manifesto, History of communism - The October Revolution, History of communism - The Stalin Era, History of communism - The Cold War, History of communism - Eastern Europe, History of communism - China, History of communism - North Korea, History of communism - Cuba, History of communism - Vietnam, History of communism - Laos, History of communism - Ethiopia, History of communism - South Yemen, History of communism - Angola, History of communism - The collapse of the Soviet Union, History of communism - Communism Today Read more here: » History of communism: Encyclopedia II - History of communism - Karl Marx and The Communist Manifesto |
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| | | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Economic Determinism - Criticism of the concept Other Marxists and Marx-scholars - including György Lukács, Antonio Gramsci, Louis Althusser, Maurice Godelier, Franz Jakubowski, Edward P. Thompson and Michael Lowy - completely reject the interpretation of Marx and Engels as "economic determinists". They claim this idea is based on a poor and selective reading of their work.
They argue that this interpretation originated in the early years of the Second International and was popularised by Karl Kautsky and Nikolai Bukharin among many others. They refer to the disclaimers by Friedr ...
See also:Economic Determinism, Economic Determinism - Economic Determinism's relation to Marxist philosophy, Economic Determinism - Marxist Views of the Human Mind, Economic Determinism - Conclusion, Economic Determinism - Criticism of the concept, Economic Determinism - Sources, Economic Determinism - Reference Read more here: » Economic Determinism: Encyclopedia II - Economic Determinism - Criticism of the concept |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - History of theory of capitalism - Adam Smith The first theorist of what we commonly refer to as capitalism is usually considered to be Adam Smith. His 1776 work, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, theorized that within a given stable system of commerce and evaluation, individuals would respond to the incentive of earning more by specializing their production. These individuals would naturally, without specific state intervention, "direct ... that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value." This would enable the whole econo ...
See also:History of theory of capitalism, History of theory of capitalism - Overview, History of theory of capitalism - Adam Smith, History of theory of capitalism - Karl Marx, History of theory of capitalism - Historical development, History of theory of capitalism - Capitalism and imperialism Read more here: » History of theory of capitalism: Encyclopedia II - History of theory of capitalism - Adam Smith |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Morrill tariff - Relation to the secession controversy The Morrill tariff was compared to and even higher than the 1828 Tariff of Abominations, which had led to the 1832 Nullification Crisis. On November 19, 1860 US Senator Robert Toombs denounced the "infamous Morrill bill" as the product of a coalition of "the robber and the incendiary...united in joint raid against the South" in his speech advocating secession to the Georgia Legislature. However, Toombs said preservation of slavery was the cause of secession. Of the four Secession Declarations, only Georgia's mentions the tariff issue. [3] Th ...
See also:Morrill tariff, Morrill tariff - Background, Morrill tariff - Impact, Morrill tariff - Morrill's own objectives, Morrill tariff - Relation to the secession controversy, Morrill tariff - Charles Dickens versus Karl Marx: the British debate, Morrill tariff - American historians weigh in, Morrill tariff - Footnotes Read more here: » Morrill tariff: Encyclopedia II - Morrill tariff - Relation to the secession controversy |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Sociology of religion - The sociological view of religion Durkheim, Marx, and Weber had very complex and developed theories about the nature and effects of religion. Durkheim and Weber specifically are often difficult to understand, especially in light of the lack of context and examples in their primary texts. To summarize their theories, especially in brief form, is a dubious enterprise. Any attempts should be tempered by a direct reading of their works or at least reference to other texts which interpret and summarize them. It is with this warning that a summary i ...
See also:Sociology of religion, Sociology of religion - Typology of religious groups, Sociology of religion - History and relevance today, Sociology of religion - The sociological view of religion, Sociology of religion - Karl Marx, Sociology of religion - Emile Durkheim, Sociology of religion - Rodney Stark, Sociology of religion - Sociological theories of the formation of religion Read more here: » Sociology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Sociology of religion - The sociological view of religion |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - History of theory of capitalism - Historical development During the course of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, there was a gradual movement in Europe and in the states that Europeans had founded, for the reduction of trade barriers, in particular restrictions on production and labor, the use of non-standard weights and measures, restrictions on the formation of new businesses, and the curtailing of royal prerogatives that interfered with the conduct of commerce. Two parallel doctrines emerged to describe and justify this process. One was the legal doctrine that the rightful owner of land o ...
See also:History of theory of capitalism, History of theory of capitalism - Overview, History of theory of capitalism - Adam Smith, History of theory of capitalism - Karl Marx, History of theory of capitalism - Historical development, History of theory of capitalism - Capitalism and imperialism Read more here: » History of theory of capitalism: Encyclopedia II - History of theory of capitalism - Historical development |
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| | | | | | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Sociology of religion - History and relevance today The classical, seminal sociological theorists of the late 19th and early 20th century were greatly interested in religion and its effects on society. These theorists include Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Karl Marx. Like Plato and Aristotle from Ancient Greece, and enlightenment philosophers from the 17th through 19th centuries, the ideas posited by these sociologists continue to be addressed today. More recent prominent sociologist ...
See also:Sociology of religion, Sociology of religion - Typology of religious groups, Sociology of religion - History and relevance today, Sociology of religion - The sociological view of religion, Sociology of religion - Karl Marx, Sociology of religion - Emile Durkheim, Sociology of religion - Rodney Stark, Sociology of religion - Sociological theories of the formation of religion Read more here: » Sociology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Sociology of religion - History and relevance today |
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| | | | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Morrill tariff - Morrill's own objectives According to historian Heather Cox Richardson, Morrill intended to offer protection to both the usual manufacturing recipients and a broad group of agricultural interests. The purpose was to appease interests beyond the northeast, which traditionally supported protection. For the first time protection was extended to every major farm product.
Planning to distribute the benefits of a tariff to all sectors of the economy, and also hoping to broaden support for his party, Morrill rejected the traditional system of protection by proposing ...
See also:Morrill tariff, Morrill tariff - Background, Morrill tariff - Impact, Morrill tariff - Morrill's own objectives, Morrill tariff - Relation to the secession controversy, Morrill tariff - Charles Dickens versus Karl Marx: the British debate, Morrill tariff - American historians weigh in, Morrill tariff - Footnotes Read more here: » Morrill tariff: Encyclopedia II - Morrill tariff - Morrill's own objectives |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Morrill tariff - Background Frank Taussig, whose work "The Tariff History of the United States" is recognized as the foremost authority on the subject wrote: "In 1857 duties were still further reduced, the rate on most protected commodities going down to 24 per cent., and remaining at this comparatively low level until the outbreak of the Civil War." Taussig goes on to say:
It is true that the first steps towards a policy of higher protection were taken just before the war began. In the session of 1860-61, immediately preceding the outbreak of the conflict, the ...
See also:Morrill tariff, Morrill tariff - Background, Morrill tariff - Impact, Morrill tariff - Morrill's own objectives, Morrill tariff - Relation to the secession controversy, Morrill tariff - Charles Dickens versus Karl Marx: the British debate, Morrill tariff - American historians weigh in, Morrill tariff - Footnotes Read more here: » Morrill tariff: Encyclopedia II - Morrill tariff - Background |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Division of labour - Von Mises and globalisation On the other hand, Marx's theories, including the negative claims regarding the division of labour have been criticized by the Austrian economists, such as Ludwig von Mises.
The main argument here is that the gains accruing from the division of labour by far outweigh the costs; that it is fully possible to achieve balanced human development within capitalism, and that alienation is more a romantic fiction ...
See also:Division of labour, Division of labour - Plato, Division of labour - Xenophon, Division of labour - Sir William Petty, Division of labour - Adam Smith, Division of labour - Karl Marx, Division of labour - Durkheim, Division of labour - Von Mises and globalisation, Division of labour - Modern debates, Division of labour - US 2002 estimates for the division of labour, Division of labour - The global division of labour, Division of labour - Some useful sociological references Read more here: » Division of labour: Encyclopedia II - Division of labour - Von Mises and globalisation |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Division of labour - Some useful sociological references Stephanie Coontz & Peta Henderson, Women's Work, Men's Property: The Origins of Gender and Class.
Ali Rattansi, Marx and the Division of Labour.
Emile Durkheim, The Division of Labour in Society.
Harry Braverman, Labor and Monopoly Capital; The Degradation of Labor in the 20th Century
André Gorz, The Division of Labour: The Labour Proces and Class Struggle in Modern Capitalism.
Bertell Ollman, Sexual and social revolution.
Herbert Gintis, Samuel Bowles, Robert T. Boyd and Ernst Fehr, Moral Sentiments an ...
See also:Division of labour, Division of labour - Plato, Division of labour - Xenophon, Division of labour - Sir William Petty, Division of labour - Adam Smith, Division of labour - Karl Marx, Division of labour - Durkheim, Division of labour - Von Mises and globalisation, Division of labour - Modern debates, Division of labour - US 2002 estimates for the division of labour, Division of labour - The global division of labour, Division of labour - Some useful sociological references Read more here: » Division of labour: Encyclopedia II - Division of labour - Some useful sociological references |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Division of labour - Plato In Plato's Republic we are instructed that the origin of the state lies in that "natural" inequality of humanity that is embodied in the division of labour.
"Well then, how will our state supply these needs? It will need a farmer, a builder, and a weaver, and also, I think, a shoemaker and one or two others to provide for our bodily needs. So that the minimum state would consist of four or five men...." (The Republ ...
See also:Division of labour, Division of labour - Plato, Division of labour - Xenophon, Division of labour - Sir William Petty, Division of labour - Adam Smith, Division of labour - Karl Marx, Division of labour - Durkheim, Division of labour - Von Mises and globalisation, Division of labour - Modern debates, Division of labour - US 2002 estimates for the division of labour, Division of labour - The global division of labour, Division of labour - Some useful sociological references Read more here: » Division of labour: Encyclopedia II - Division of labour - Plato |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Dialectical materialism - Dialectics Dialectics is the science of the most general laws of development of nature, society, and thought. Its principal features are as follows:
1) The universe is not an accidental mix of things isolated from each other, but an integral whole, wherein things are mutually interdependent.
2) Nature is in a state of constant motion:
"All nature, from the smallest thing to the biggest, from a grain of sand to the sun, from the protista to man, is in a constant state of coming into being and going out of being, in a constant flux, in a ceaseless state of movement and change." - ...
See also:Dialectical materialism, Dialectical materialism - Materialism, Dialectical materialism - Dialectics, Dialectical materialism - Laws of dialectics, Dialectical materialism - Quotation, Dialectical materialism - Selected readings on dialectical materialism Read more here: » Dialectical materialism: Encyclopedia II - Dialectical materialism - Dialectics |
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| | | | | Karl Marx: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs
Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people.
Karl Marx famously asserted religion to be "the opium of people" (sometimes quoted in English as "the opiate of the masses"). He stated that "Morals, religion, metaphysics and other forms of ideology and the forms of consciousness corresponding to them no longer retain their apparent independence. It is not consciousness t ...
See also:Psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies, Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion, Psychology of religion - Carl Jung: Universal archetypes, Psychology of religion - Erich Fromm: Desire need for stable frame, Psychology of religion - Other studies, Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism, Psychology of religion - Alfred Adler: Feeling of inferiority perfection, Psychology of religion - Ludwig Feuerbach: Imagination wishes fear of death, Psychology of religion - Gordon Allport: Mature and immature religion, Psychology of religion - Erik H. Erikson: Influence on personality development, Psychology of religion - Rudolf Otto: Non-rational experience, Psychology of religion - Psychometric approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Developmental approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and coping with stress, Psychology of religion - Evolutionary psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs, Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people, Psychology of religion - James H. Leuba: Mystical experience and drugs, Psychology of religion - Drug-induced religious experiences, Psychology of religion - The effects of meditation, Psychology of religion - Links Read more here: » Psychology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs |
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