In India, the Kambojas seem to have belonged to the Kshatriya caste of Indo-Aryan society. The earliest and most powerful reference endorsing the Kshatriya-hood of the Kambojas is Panini's fifth century BCE Ashtadhyayi. Panini refers to the Kamboja Janapada, and mentions it as "one of the fifteen powerful Kshatriya Janapadas" of his times, inhabited and ruled by Kamboja Kshatriyas (Ashtadhy ...

See also:

Kambojas, Kambojas - Ethnicity & Language of Kambojas, Kambojas - Original Home of Kambojas, Kambojas - Kambojas: A Warrior Clan, Kambojas - Kambojas: Master Horsemen, Kambojas - Kambojas in Indian Literature, Kambojas - The Kambojas and Alexander the Great, Kambojas - The Kambojas and the Mauryan Empire, Kambojas - Kambojas' migration to India and beyond, Kambojas - Modern Kamboj and Kamboh, Kambojas - Diaspora, Kambojas - Traditions, Kambojas - During Muslim Rule, Kambojas - Agriculturists, Kambojas - Physical Characteristics, Kambojas - Kamboj in Sports, Kambojas - Notes

Read more here: » Kambojas: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas - Kambojas: A Warrior Clan

See also:

Kambojas, Kambojas - Ethnicity & Language of Kambojas, Kambojas - Original Home of Kambojas, Kambojas - Kambojas: A Warrior Clan, Kambojas - Kambojas: Master Horsemen, Kambojas - Kambojas in Indian Literature, Kambojas - The Kambojas and Alexander the Great, Kambojas - The Kambojas and the Mauryan Empire, Kambojas - Kambojas' migration to India and beyond, Kambojas - Modern Kamboj and Kamboh, Kambojas - Diaspora, Kambojas - Traditions, Kambojas - During Muslim Rule, Kambojas - Agriculturists, Kambojas - Physical Characteristics, Kambojas - Kamboj in Sports, Kambojas - Notes

Read more here: » Kambojas: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas - Kambojas: Master Horsemen

Because the Kambojas were famous for their horses (ashva) and as cavalry-men (ashvaka) they were also popularly called "Ashvakas". The Ashvakas inhabited Eastern Afghanistan, and were included within the more general term Kambojas[6].French scholars like Dr. E. Lamotte also identify the Ashvakas with the Kambojas[7]. According to one line of schola ...

See also:

Kambojas, Kambojas - Ethnicity & Language of Kambojas, Kambojas - Original Home of Kambojas, Kambojas - Kambojas: A Warrior Clan, Kambojas - Kambojas: Master Horsemen, Kambojas - Kambojas in Indian Literature, Kambojas - The Kambojas and Alexander the Great, Kambojas - The Kambojas and the Mauryan Empire, Kambojas - Kambojas' migration to India and beyond, Kambojas - Modern Kamboj and Kamboh, Kambojas - Diaspora, Kambojas - Traditions, Kambojas - During Muslim Rule, Kambojas - Agriculturists, Kambojas - Physical Characteristics, Kambojas - Kamboj in Sports, Kambojas - Notes

Read more here: » Kambojas: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas - The Kambojas and Alexander the Great

The population of the modern people who still call themselves Kamboj (or prikritic Kamboh, or Kamoz) or Kambhoj is estimated to be around 1.5 million and the rest of their population, over the time, submerged with other occupationalized castes/groups of the Indian subcontinent. The Kambojs, by tradition, are divided into 52 and 84 clans. 52 line is stated to be descendants of Cadet branch and 84 from the elder Branch. This is claimed as referring to the young and elder military divisions under which they had fought the Bharata war. Nu ...

See also:

Kambojas, Kambojas - Ethnicity & Language of Kambojas, Kambojas - Original Home of Kambojas, Kambojas - Kambojas: A Warrior Clan, Kambojas - Kambojas: Master Horsemen, Kambojas - Kambojas in Indian Literature, Kambojas - The Kambojas and Alexander the Great, Kambojas - The Kambojas and the Mauryan Empire, Kambojas - Kambojas' migration to India and beyond, Kambojas - Modern Kamboj and Kamboh, Kambojas - Diaspora, Kambojas - Traditions, Kambojas - During Muslim Rule, Kambojas - Agriculturists, Kambojas - Physical Characteristics, Kambojas - Kamboj in Sports, Kambojas - Notes

Read more here: » Kambojas: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas - Modern Kamboj and Kamboh

Kamboja was the ancient name of a country, and the Indo-Iranian warrior tribe, the Kambojas, settled therein. The country is listed as one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas or great nations in ancient Buddhist texts, and was located in the Uttarapatha in extreme north-west of the Indian sub-continent, contiguous to the kingdom of Gandhara. It initially included the Pamirs, Badakshan, and territories as far as the Zeravshan valley in the doab of Oxus/Jaxartes. It approximated what is known today as the ...

Including:

Kamboja - Related Uses Kamboja - Some Time/Space Variants of Kamboja

Read more here: » Kamboja: Encyclopedia - Kamboja

Chandravarma Kamboja is the first Kamboja king mentioned by name in the Mahabharata. He appears to have been an ancient and very powerful ruler of the Kambojas. He finds mention in the Adiparva section of the epic where he is stated to be an Asura or a demonic ruler (See main entry candra in Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary) [1]. Mahabharata styles Chandravarma as an incarnation of Daitya Chandra, t ...

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Sudakshina Kamboja is the third king of the Kambojas referred to in the Mahabharata. And is also the most referenced of all the Kamboja kings in the whole Mahabharata and most illustrious warrior of the Kambojas of Epic Age. Sudakshina Kamboja - Kamboj traditions and Sudakshina. According to the traditions of the Kamboj community passed on to it from its ancestors, a certain king Sodakhsh (Sudakshina) is believed to have descended from the line of god Chander Burman of remote antiquity.

Including:

Sudakshina Kamboja - Kamboj traditions and Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Physical Characteristics of Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina at Abhisheka ceremony of Yudhisthra Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina at Draupadi’s Swayamvara Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina Kamboja in Mahabharata war
Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina and his army Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina one of ten salient commanders of Kurus Sudakshina Kamboja - Krshna extols Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Bhishma extols Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Durodhana extols Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina’s duels in the war Sudakshina Kamboja - Duryodhan at the death of Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Karna at the death of Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Vasudeva at the death of Sudakshina Sudakshina Kamboja - Gandhari at the death of Sudakshina
Sudakshina Kamboja - Epilogue

Read more here: » Sudakshina Kamboja: Encyclopedia - Sudakshina Kamboja

The Ashvakas are very ancient people of north-east Afghanistan. They find mention in the Puranas, Mahabharata and other ancient Sanskrit and Pali literature. Sanskrit term ashva , Iranian aspa and Prakrit assa means horse. The name Ashvaka or Assaka is said to be derived from Sanskrit Ashva or Prakrit Assa and it litterally denotes someone connected with the horses---hence: a horseman, or a cavalryman. The Ashvakas were especially engaged in the occupation of breeding, raising an ...

Including:

Ashvakas - Geographical location Ashvakas - Ashvakas are the Kambojas
Ashvakas - Buddhist Texts evidence Ashvakas - Mahabharata evidence Ashvakas - Ashvaka coins and Arthashastra evidence
Ashvakas - More opinions from scholars Ashvakas - Afghan and Ashvakan relationship Ashvakas - Kamboja cavalry in ancient wars
Ashvakas - Military supporters of Haihaya Yadavas Ashvakas - Military supporters of king Jarasandha of Magadha Ashvakas - Military supporters of Kurus in Mahabharta war Ashvakas - Military supporters of Vashishtha against Vishwamitra Ashvakas - In the armies of Persians against Greeks Ashvakas - Military supporters of Chandra Gupta Maurya Ashvakas - Military supporters of king Brihadratha Maurya Ashvakas - Yavana and Kamboja cavalry invades Mid India Ashvakas - Saka Kamboja Pahlava cavalry invades north-west India Ashvakas - Kamboja cavalry in the army of Palas of Bengal Ashvakas - Kamboja cavalry in the army of Gurjara-Pratiharas

Read more here: » Ashvakas: Encyclopedia - Ashvakas

The Sakas are a peoples that lived in what is now Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Iran, Ukraine, and Altai and Siberia in Russia, in the centuries before 300 AD. They are considered to be a branch of Scythians by most scholars. Saka is the usual Persian term, while Scythian is a Greek term. Some of their neighbours included the Sarmatians, Issedones and Massagetae. Their language is poorly known, but seems to have originally been a member of the Iranian family (though some question wheth ...

Including:

Saka - Connection theories
Saka - Asian peoples Saka - European peoples
Saka - Sakas in Ancient Indian Literature
Saka - Degraded Kṣatriyas from the northwest Saka - Military actions Saka - Military alliance with Chandragupta circa 320 BCE

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"Yona" (also sometimes "Yonaka") is a Pali word used in ancient India to designate ancient Greek people. Its equivalent in Sanskrit is the word "Yavana". "Yona" and "Yavana" are both transliterations of the Greek word for "Ionians" (Homer Iāones, older *Iāwones), who were probably the first Greeks to be known in the East. Yona - Old World usage. This usage was shared by many of the countries east of Greece, from the Mediterranean to India and China: Egyptians used ...

Including:

Yona - Old World usage Yona - Indian references
Yona - Role in Buddhism Yona - Invasion of India Yona - Scientific abilities Yona - Other references
Yona - The Yonas and other northwestern invaders in Indian literature Yona - Later meanings Yona - Contemporary usage Yona - Notes Yona - External link

Read more here: » Yona: Encyclopedia - Yona

The foregoing references sufficiently demonstrate that the Kambojas were living on either side of the Hindukush. The cis-Hindukush division was called Kamboja. The trans-Hindukush Kamboja division was known as Parama Kamboja. Thus, like the Uttara-Kurus and Uttara-Madras, the Parama-Kambojas were also located in the trans-Himalayan (paren himavantam..) regions, and were neighbors, both to the ...

See also:

Parama Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Mahabharata Evidence, Parama Kamboja - Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Further References to Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Etymology of Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - More evidence on two Kamboj settlements, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Dasam-Granth, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Ptolemy, Parama Kamboja - Epilogue

Read more here: » Parama Kamboja: Encyclopedia II - Parama Kamboja - Epilogue

Kamboja Location - Linguistic evidence. The most acceptable view is that the ancient Kambojas originally belonged to the 'Galcha' speaking area (the Iranian Pamirs and Badakshan) in Central Asia (Linguistic Survey of India, Vol X, p 455, Dr G. A. Grierson). Yaska's Nirukata (II/2.8) attests that verb 'shavati' in the sense 'to go' was used by the Kambojas and only the Kambojas (Early Eastern Iran and Atharvaveda, 1980, 92, Dr Michael Witzel; also Nilukata, Vol I, Sarup). shavatir gatikarmaa Ka ...

See also:

Kamboja Location, Kamboja Location - Kambojas: a tribe of Uttarapatha, Kamboja Location - Epic evidence, Kamboja Location - Puranic Bhuvankosa evidence, Kamboja Location - Localization of Kamboja, Kamboja Location - Linguistic evidence, Kamboja Location - Vamsa Brahmana and Aitareya Brahmana evidence, Kamboja Location - Ptolemy's evidence, Kamboja Location - Raghuvamsa's evidence, Kamboja Location - Evidence from Commentator on Harsha-Carita, Kamboja Location - Hiun Tsang's evidence, Kamboja Location - Kalhana's evidence, Kamboja Location - Ramayana evidence, Kamboja Location - Sumerian evidence, Kamboja Location - Al-Idrisi's evidence, Kamboja Location - Praja Bhatta's evidence, Kamboja Location - Conclusion, Kamboja Location - Kamboja versus Parama Kamboja, Kamboja Location - Mahabharata evidence, Kamboja Location - Ptolemy's evidence, Kamboja Location - Evidence from Dasam-Granth, Kamboja Location - Galcha evidence, Kamboja Location - List of references

Read more here: » Kamboja Location: Encyclopedia II - Kamboja Location - Localization of Kamboja

Parama Kamboja - Kamboja. In Arjuna's Digvijaya compaign against the tribes of north, in the direction presided over by the lord of treasures, Pandava hero Arjuna reduces the Bahlika (north-west Punjab) country, and then meets the Daradas (Gilgit) and the Kambojas (Paropamisadae to Rajauri) and obtains tribute from them (MBH II.27/22-23) tatah.parama.vikranto Bahlikan.kurunandanah || II.27.22|| .................................................................... Daradan.saha ...

See also:

Parama Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Mahabharata Evidence, Parama Kamboja - Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Further References to Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Etymology of Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - More evidence on two Kamboj settlements, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Dasam-Granth, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Ptolemy, Parama Kamboja - Epilogue

Read more here: » Parama Kamboja: Encyclopedia II - Parama Kamboja - Mahabharata Evidence

The epics, Puranas and numerous other ancient Sanskrit texts all agree that the horses of the Kamboja, Bahlika and Sindhu regions were the finest breed. Kamboja Horsemen - Valmiki Ramayana. The Valmiki Ramayana refers to the horses from the Kamboja, Bahlika, Vanayu lands and addresses them as of best quality. It puts the horses from the Kamboja at the head of list of best breed and styles them as equal to Ucchaisrava, the steed of god Indra, the Lord of Heavens: Sanskrit: Kambo ...

See also:

Kamboja Horsemen, Kamboja Horsemen - Buddhist literature, Kamboja Horsemen - Jaina texts, Kamboja Horsemen - Sanskrit texts, Kamboja Horsemen - Valmiki Ramayana, Kamboja Horsemen - Mahabharata, Kamboja Horsemen - Kautiliya Arthashastra, Kamboja Horsemen - Karanabhara of Bhaasa, Kamboja Horsemen - Raghuvamsha of Kalidasa, Kamboja Horsemen - Asvashastra of Nakula, Kamboja Horsemen - Manasollasa of Someshvara, Kamboja Horsemen - Other Sanskrit literature, Kamboja Horsemen - Ancient inscriptions, Kamboja Horsemen - Miscellaneous, Kamboja Horsemen - Kamboja elephants

Read more here: » Kamboja Horsemen: Encyclopedia II - Kamboja Horsemen - Sanskrit texts

Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina and his army. King Draupida of Panchala had advised Yudhishtra to send messangers to Kamboja and other neighboring tribes to seek their military help before Duryodhana could do the same (MBH 5.4.18), but it appears that Duryodhana had pre-empted the show and wrested the initiative from the Pandavas. Sudakshina was not committed to any side prior to the war. It appears that he had joined the Kuru side on prior invitation from Duryodhana. Dr Pargiter opines that Sudakshina, though un ...

See also:

Sudakshina Kamboja, Sudakshina Kamboja - Kamboj traditions and Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Physical Characteristics of Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina at Abhisheka ceremony of Yudhisthra, Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina at Draupadi’s Swayamvara, Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina Kamboja in Mahabharata war, Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina and his army, Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina one of ten salient commanders of Kurus, Sudakshina Kamboja - Krshna extols Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Bhishma extols Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Durodhana extols Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina’s duels in the war, Sudakshina Kamboja - Duryodhan at the death of Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Karna at the death of Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Vasudeva at the death of Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Gandhari at the death of Sudakshina, Sudakshina Kamboja - Epilogue

Read more here: » Sudakshina Kamboja: Encyclopedia II - Sudakshina Kamboja - Sudakshina Kamboja in Mahabharata war

Mahabharata attests that after several generations of changing hands from one line of ancient kings to another, the prized sword fell into the hands of righteous king Ailavila from whom it went to king Dhundumara, a celebrated king of Kosala (real name Kuvalashava): tasmachcha lebhe dharmagyo rajannaidabidastatha || tatashchaidabidallebhe Dhundhumaro janeshvarah | . — (MBH 12.167.75.76) Ikshvaku king Kuvalashava was nicknamed Dhundumara since he is said to have killed in battle one ...

See also:

Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya, Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya - Inheritance of sword, Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya - Kosala vs Kamboja rivalry and the sword, Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya - Kosala vs Kamboja rivalry: Puranic evidence, Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya - Antiquity of the sword legend, Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya - The Epic Kamboja is some earlier Iranian Kambaujiya, Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya - External link

Read more here: » Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya: Encyclopedia II - Epic Kamboja Iranian Kambujiya - Kosala vs Kamboja rivalry and the sword

The Kambojas were basically a republican people. They were constituted into military Sanghas and Corporations to manage their affairs, as Kautiliya and Mahabharata amply attest for us. They are also attested to be living as Ayuddha-jivi or Shastr-opajivis, which means that the Kamboja cavalry offered its military services to other nations as well. There are numerous references to Kambojas being requistioned as cavalry troopers in ancient wars by outside nations. A few illustrative references from ancient literature are presented below to prove this point. < ...

See also:

Ashvakas, Ashvakas - Geographical location, Ashvakas - Ashvakas are the Kambojas, Ashvakas - Buddhist Texts evidence, Ashvakas - Mahabharata evidence, Ashvakas - Ashvaka coins and Arthashastra evidence, Ashvakas - More opinions from scholars, Ashvakas - Afghan and Ashvakan relationship, Ashvakas - Kamboja cavalry in ancient wars, Ashvakas - Military supporters of Haihaya Yadavas, Ashvakas - Military supporters of king Jarasandha of Magadha, Ashvakas - Military supporters of Kurus in Mahabharta war, Ashvakas - Military supporters of Vashishtha against Vishwamitra, Ashvakas - In the armies of Persians against Greeks, Ashvakas - Military supporters of Chandra Gupta Maurya, Ashvakas - Military supporters of king Brihadratha Maurya, Ashvakas - Yavana and Kamboja cavalry invades Mid India, Ashvakas - Saka Kamboja Pahlava cavalry invades north-west India, Ashvakas - Kamboja cavalry in the army of Palas of Bengal, Ashvakas - Kamboja cavalry in the army of Gurjara-Pratiharas

Read more here: » Ashvakas: Encyclopedia II - Ashvakas - Kamboja cavalry in ancient wars

The prefix Parama- can be interpretted in the sense of (1) Uttara or northern (2) beyond and (3) greater/supreme. The Parama- with a sense of northern/Uttara sounds logical since the Parama- branch of the Kambojas was located in Uttara or north direction to Kambojas. Moreover, it also sounds similar to Uttara-Madra and Uttara-Kuru. The Parama- in the sense of greater also makes good sense since the trans-Hindukush branch the Kambojas was original and perhaps the bigger sec ...

See also:

Parama Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Mahabharata Evidence, Parama Kamboja - Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Further References to Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - Etymology of Parama-Kamboja, Parama Kamboja - More evidence on two Kamboj settlements, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Dasam-Granth, Parama Kamboja - Evidence from Ptolemy, Parama Kamboja - Epilogue

Read more here: » Parama Kamboja: Encyclopedia II - Parama Kamboja - Etymology of Parama-Kamboja

Kamboja Location - Epic evidence. It is important to note that in ancient literature and inscriptions, the Kambojas are mostly listed with the tribes of the Uttarapatha like the Gandharas, Bahlikas, Yavanas, Madras, Sakas etc. Further at places in Mahabharata and Puranic literature, the Kambojas are specifically referred to as a tribe of Uttarapatha, Uttara or Udichya i.e north or north-west. e.g. Sanskrit: Uttarapatha janmanah kirtayishyami tanapi Yauna kamboja gandha ...

See also:

Kamboja Location, Kamboja Location - Kambojas: a tribe of Uttarapatha, Kamboja Location - Epic evidence, Kamboja Location - Puranic Bhuvankosa evidence, Kamboja Location - Localization of Kamboja, Kamboja Location - Linguistic evidence, Kamboja Location - Vamsa Brahmana and Aitareya Brahmana evidence, Kamboja Location - Ptolemy's evidence, Kamboja Location - Raghuvamsa's evidence, Kamboja Location - Evidence from Commentator on Harsha-Carita, Kamboja Location - Hiun Tsang's evidence, Kamboja Location - Kalhana's evidence, Kamboja Location - Ramayana evidence, Kamboja Location - Sumerian evidence, Kamboja Location - Al-Idrisi's evidence, Kamboja Location - Praja Bhatta's evidence, Kamboja Location - Conclusion, Kamboja Location - Kamboja versus Parama Kamboja, Kamboja Location - Mahabharata evidence, Kamboja Location - Ptolemy's evidence, Kamboja Location - Evidence from Dasam-Granth, Kamboja Location - Galcha evidence, Kamboja Location - List of references

Read more here: » Kamboja Location: Encyclopedia II - Kamboja Location - Kambojas: a tribe of Uttarapatha

Ancient literary evidence shows that like the Kuru/Uttarakuru, Madra/Uttaramadra, China/Parama-China, Yona/Parama-Yona, there were also two Kamboja settlements....one located in Pamir/Badakshan and beyond which was known as Parama-Kamboja and the second was located on south of Hindukush in Paropamisadae region, as far as Rajauri in west of Kashmir, which was known as Kamboja. Kamboja Location - Mahabharata evidence. This existence of two Kamboja settlements is powerfully substantiated from Mahabharata vers ...

See also:

Kamboja Location, Kamboja Location - Kambojas: a tribe of Uttarapatha, Kamboja Location - Epic evidence, Kamboja Location - Puranic Bhuvankosa evidence, Kamboja Location - Localization of Kamboja, Kamboja Location - Linguistic evidence, Kamboja Location - Vamsa Brahmana and Aitareya Brahmana evidence, Kamboja Location - Ptolemy's evidence, Kamboja Location - Raghuvamsa's evidence, Kamboja Location - Evidence from Commentator on Harsha-Carita, Kamboja Location - Hiun Tsang's evidence, Kamboja Location - Kalhana's evidence, Kamboja Location - Ramayana evidence, Kamboja Location - Sumerian evidence, Kamboja Location - Al-Idrisi's evidence, Kamboja Location - Praja Bhatta's evidence, Kamboja Location - Conclusion, Kamboja Location - Kamboja versus Parama Kamboja, Kamboja Location - Mahabharata evidence, Kamboja Location - Ptolemy's evidence, Kamboja Location - Evidence from Dasam-Granth, Kamboja Location - Galcha evidence, Kamboja Location - List of references

Read more here: » Kamboja Location: Encyclopedia II - Kamboja Location - Kamboja versus Parama Kamboja