Kama River

Yermak Timofeyevich (Russian: Ерма́к Тимофе́евич, also Ermak) (born between 1532 and 1542 — August 5 or 6, 1585), Cossack leader and explorer of Siberia. His exploration of Siberia marked the beginning of the expansion of Russia towards this region and its colonization. ("Timofeyevich" is his patronimic, not the last name, so in references it must be looked up at "Yermak" or "Yermak Timofeyevich".) In 1558, the Stroganov merchant family received their first patent for colonizing "the abundant re ...

Read more here: » Yermak Timofeyevich: Encyclopedia - Yermak Timofeyevich

Kama may refer to several things Kama, a Hindu god The term "Kama" also refers to one of the 4 goals of life according to Hindu traditions (Purusharthas) - these include Dharma, artha, kama, and moksha The Kama River, a tributary of the Volga river, in Russia Kama, sickle-like weapons, often wielded in both hands, that evolved from tools used for cutting weeds in Japan "Kāma" means pleasure. Kama, Estonian food. Charles Wright (wres ...

Read more here: » Kama: Encyclopedia - Kama

The Norwegian merchant Ottar (Ohthere) related for king Alfred the Great that he had passed the North Cape and after several days' voyage he arrived at a great river, the Dvina. At the estuary of the Dvina, dwelt the Beormas, who unlike the nomadic Sami peoples were sedentary, and their land was rich and populous. Ottar did not know their language but he said that it resembled the language of the Samis (Finno-ugric). The Biarmians told Ottar about their coun ...

See also:

Bjarmaland, Bjarmaland - Identification, Bjarmaland - Background

Read more here: » Bjarmaland: Encyclopedia II - Bjarmaland - Background

Udmurtia is located in the eastern portion of the Eastern European Plain, between the Kama and Vyatka Rivers. Area: 42,100km². Borders: internal: Kirov Oblast (SW/W/NW/N), Perm Krai (NE/E), Bashkortostan (SE), and Tatarstan (S/SW). water: Votkinskoye Reservoir (E). Highest point: no data. Maximum N->S distance: no data. Maximum E->W distance: no data. Udmurtia - Time zone. Udmurtia is located in the Samara Time Zone (SAMT/SAMST). UTC offset is ...

See also:

Udmurtia, Udmurtia - Geography, Udmurtia - Time zone, Udmurtia - Rivers, Udmurtia - Lakes, Udmurtia - Natural Resources, Udmurtia - Climate, Udmurtia - Administrative divisions, Udmurtia - Demographics, Udmurtia - History, Udmurtia - Politics, Udmurtia - Economy, Udmurtia - Culture, Udmurtia - Education, Udmurtia - Religion

Read more here: » Udmurtia: Encyclopedia II - Udmurtia - Geography

The main article is History of Tatarstan Tatarstan - Middle Ages. The earliest known organized state within the boundaries of Tatarstan was Volga Bulgaria (c. 700-1238 CE). The Volga Bulgars had an advanced mercantile state with trade contacts throughout Inner Eurasia, the Middle East and the Baltic, which maintained its independence despite pressure by such nations as the Khazars, the Kievan Rus and the Kipchaks. Islam was introduced by missionaries from Baghdad around the ...

See also:

Tatarstan, Tatarstan - Terminology, Tatarstan - Geography, Tatarstan - Time zone, Tatarstan - Rivers, Tatarstan - Lakes, Tatarstan - Natural resources, Tatarstan - Climate, Tatarstan - Administrative divisions, Tatarstan - Demographics, Tatarstan - History, Tatarstan - Middle Ages, Tatarstan - Modern times, Tatarstan - Tatarstan today, Tatarstan - Politics, Tatarstan - Political status, Tatarstan - Economy, Tatarstan - Culture, Tatarstan - Education, Tatarstan - Religion, Tatarstan - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Tatarstan: Encyclopedia II - Tatarstan - History

The city is a major administrative, industrial, scientific, and cultural center. The leading industries include machinery, defence, oil production (about 3% of Russian output), oil refining, chemical and petrochemical, timber and wood processing and the food industry. Perm is a home to several major universities including Perm State University, Perm State Technical University and Medical Academy. Perm is the sister city of (twinned with): Louisville, Kentucky, United States (1994)See also:

Perm, Perm - History, Perm - Modern city

Read more here: » Perm: Encyclopedia II - Perm - Modern city

Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Siberian line. The main line follows the following route: Moscow (0 km, Moscow Time). Most trains start from Yaroslavsky train station Nizhny Novgorod (442 km, MT) on the Volga River, still called by its old soviet name Gorky in most timetables Perm (1436 km, MT+2) on the Kama River Official boundary between Europe and Asia (1777 km), marked by a white obelisk Yekaterinburg (1816 km, MT+2) in the Urals, still called by its old soviet ...

See also:

Trans-Siberian Railway, Trans-Siberian Railway - Route, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Siberian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Manchurian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Mongolian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - History, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trivia

Read more here: » Trans-Siberian Railway: Encyclopedia II - Trans-Siberian Railway - Route

The name appears in old Norse literature, possible for the area where Arkhangelsk is presently situated, and where it was preceded by a Biarmian merchant town. The first appearance of the name is in the Voyage of Ohthere, which was undertaken ca 890. According to the story, it was not the first Scandinavian voyage to the Biarmians, and it was explicitly undertaken to purchase walrus tusks from the Biarmians. Biarmland is also used later, maybe not the same Biarmland, both by the German historian Adam of Bremen (ca. 11th c.) and the Icelander Snorri Sturluson (1179-1241) in Herrauðs (Herraudhs) and Bosa sag ...

See also:

Bjarmaland, Bjarmaland - Identification, Bjarmaland - Background

Read more here: » Bjarmaland: Encyclopedia II - Bjarmaland - Identification

The head of government in Udmurtia is the President, who is elected for a five-year term. As of 2005, the president is Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov, who assumed his post on November 3, 2000. Prior to the elections, Volkov was the Chairman of the Republic's Council—the highest post at that time. The Republic's parliament is the State Council, popularly elected every five years. The State Council has 100 deputies. The Republic's constitu ...

See also:

Udmurtia, Udmurtia - Geography, Udmurtia - Time zone, Udmurtia - Rivers, Udmurtia - Lakes, Udmurtia - Natural Resources, Udmurtia - Climate, Udmurtia - Administrative divisions, Udmurtia - Demographics, Udmurtia - History, Udmurtia - Politics, Udmurtia - Economy, Udmurtia - Culture, Udmurtia - Education, Udmurtia - Religion

Read more here: » Udmurtia: Encyclopedia II - Udmurtia - Politics

In Udmurtia, there are eight professional theaters, the Philharmonic Society, and more than ten state and numerous public museums which tell about history and culture of Udmurtia and its people, like the Museum of history and culture in Sarapul, or the Tchaikovsky Museum in Votkinsk. One of the oldest arms museums is located in Izhevsk. See also: Music of Udmurtia ...

See also:

Udmurtia, Udmurtia - Geography, Udmurtia - Time zone, Udmurtia - Rivers, Udmurtia - Lakes, Udmurtia - Natural Resources, Udmurtia - Climate, Udmurtia - Administrative divisions, Udmurtia - Demographics, Udmurtia - History, Udmurtia - Politics, Udmurtia - Economy, Udmurtia - Culture, Udmurtia - Education, Udmurtia - Religion

Read more here: » Udmurtia: Encyclopedia II - Udmurtia - Culture

The people of ethnic majority of Tatarstan are usually offended when called Tartars. The preferred name is Tatars. Inhabitants of Tatarstan regardless of ethnicity are usually called Tatarstaners (Tatarstanlı/татарстанлы, татарстанец). The name Tatarstan derives from the Tatar and Persian stan (an ending common to many Muslim countries). Other variants of the republic's name are Russian Tataria (former official R ...

See also:

Tatarstan, Tatarstan - Terminology, Tatarstan - Geography, Tatarstan - Time zone, Tatarstan - Rivers, Tatarstan - Lakes, Tatarstan - Natural resources, Tatarstan - Climate, Tatarstan - Administrative divisions, Tatarstan - Demographics, Tatarstan - History, Tatarstan - Middle Ages, Tatarstan - Modern times, Tatarstan - Tatarstan today, Tatarstan - Politics, Tatarstan - Political status, Tatarstan - Economy, Tatarstan - Culture, Tatarstan - Education, Tatarstan - Religion, Tatarstan - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Tatarstan: Encyclopedia II - Tatarstan - Miscellaneous

Main article: Culture of Tatarstan Major libraries include the Science Library of Kazan State University and the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan. There are two museums of republican significance, as well as 90 museums of local importance. In the past several years new museums appeared throughout the Republic. There are 16 theaters in Tatarstan. ...

See also:

Tatarstan, Tatarstan - Terminology, Tatarstan - Geography, Tatarstan - Time zone, Tatarstan - Rivers, Tatarstan - Lakes, Tatarstan - Natural resources, Tatarstan - Climate, Tatarstan - Administrative divisions, Tatarstan - Demographics, Tatarstan - History, Tatarstan - Middle Ages, Tatarstan - Modern times, Tatarstan - Tatarstan today, Tatarstan - Politics, Tatarstan - Political status, Tatarstan - Economy, Tatarstan - Culture, Tatarstan - Education, Tatarstan - Religion, Tatarstan - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Tatarstan: Encyclopedia II - Tatarstan - Culture

The Republic is located in the center of the East European Plain, approximately 800 km east of Moscow. It lies between the Volga River and the Kama River (a tributary of the Volga), and extends east to the Ural mountains. Area: 67,836.2 km² Borders: internal: Kirov Oblast (N), Udmurtia (N/NE), Bashkortostan (E/SE), Orenburg Oblast (SE), Samara Oblast (S), Ulyanovsk Oblast (S/SW), Chuvashia (W), Mari El (W/NW). Highest point: 343 m Maximum N->S distance: 290 km. Maximum E->W distance: 460 km. ...

See also:

Tatarstan, Tatarstan - Terminology, Tatarstan - Geography, Tatarstan - Time zone, Tatarstan - Rivers, Tatarstan - Lakes, Tatarstan - Natural resources, Tatarstan - Climate, Tatarstan - Administrative divisions, Tatarstan - Demographics, Tatarstan - History, Tatarstan - Middle Ages, Tatarstan - Modern times, Tatarstan - Tatarstan today, Tatarstan - Politics, Tatarstan - Political status, Tatarstan - Economy, Tatarstan - Culture, Tatarstan - Education, Tatarstan - Religion, Tatarstan - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Tatarstan: Encyclopedia II - Tatarstan - Geography

About 70 nationalities inhabit Tatarstan. Major ethnic groups are the Tatars (51.3%), Russians (41%), Chuvashes (about 3%). Mordvinians, Udmurts, Mari, and Bashkirs also live in the territory of the Republic. Official languages are Tatar and Russian. According to the 2002 Russian Federal Law (On Languages of Peoples of the Russian Federation), the official script is Cyrillic. Tatarstan's government as well as human rights groups are strongly opposed to this law. Population: 3,779,265 (2002) ...

See also:

Tatarstan, Tatarstan - Terminology, Tatarstan - Geography, Tatarstan - Time zone, Tatarstan - Rivers, Tatarstan - Lakes, Tatarstan - Natural resources, Tatarstan - Climate, Tatarstan - Administrative divisions, Tatarstan - Demographics, Tatarstan - History, Tatarstan - Middle Ages, Tatarstan - Modern times, Tatarstan - Tatarstan today, Tatarstan - Politics, Tatarstan - Political status, Tatarstan - Economy, Tatarstan - Culture, Tatarstan - Education, Tatarstan - Religion, Tatarstan - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Tatarstan: Encyclopedia II - Tatarstan - Demographics

Russia's longstanding desire for a Pacific port was realised with the founding of Vladivostok in 1860. By 1880, Vladivostok had grown into a major port city, and the lack of adequate transportation links between European Russia and its Far Eastern provinces soon became an obvious problem. Full time construction on the Trans-Siberian Railway began in 1891 and was put into execution and overseen by Sergei Witte, who was then Finance Minister. Similar to the First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA, Russian engineers started constructi ...

See also:

Trans-Siberian Railway, Trans-Siberian Railway - Route, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Siberian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Manchurian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Mongolian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - History, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trivia

Read more here: » Trans-Siberian Railway: Encyclopedia II - Trans-Siberian Railway - History

The head of the government in Tatarstan is the President. As of 2005, the President is Mintimer Shaeymiev (Tatar: Mintimer Şäymiev). Tatarstan's unicameral National Parliament (Däwlät Sovetı) has 100 seats: 50 are for representatives of the parties, other 50 are for deputies from the republic's localities. The speaker of the National Parliament is Farit Mukhametshin (Färit Möxämmätşin). According to the Tatarstan Constitution, the President can be elected only by the people of Tatarstan, but due to Russian federal law t ...

See also:

Tatarstan, Tatarstan - Terminology, Tatarstan - Geography, Tatarstan - Time zone, Tatarstan - Rivers, Tatarstan - Lakes, Tatarstan - Natural resources, Tatarstan - Climate, Tatarstan - Administrative divisions, Tatarstan - Demographics, Tatarstan - History, Tatarstan - Middle Ages, Tatarstan - Modern times, Tatarstan - Tatarstan today, Tatarstan - Politics, Tatarstan - Political status, Tatarstan - Economy, Tatarstan - Culture, Tatarstan - Education, Tatarstan - Religion, Tatarstan - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Tatarstan: Encyclopedia II - Tatarstan - Politics

Since Russia and Mongolia use broad gauge railways while China uses the standard gauge, there is a break-of-gauge, meaning that carriages to or from China cannot simply cross the border, and each carriage has be lifted in turn to have its bogies changed. The whole operation, combined with passport and customs control, can take several hours. The lower the train number the fewer stops it makes and therefore the faster the journey. Unfortunately, the train number makes n ...

See also:

Trans-Siberian Railway, Trans-Siberian Railway - Route, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Siberian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Manchurian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trans-Mongolian line, Trans-Siberian Railway - History, Trans-Siberian Railway - Trivia

Read more here: » Trans-Siberian Railway: Encyclopedia II - Trans-Siberian Railway - Trivia