Analytical Psychology distinguishes several psychological types or temperaments. Extrovert Introvert The attitude type could be thought of as the flow of libido (that is psychic energy, or qi). The Introvert's flow is inward to the subject and away from the object, ie. external relations. The Extrovert's is outward toward the object, ie. towards external relations and away from the inner, subjective w ...

See also:

Analytical psychology, Analytical psychology - Assumptions, Analytical psychology - Psychological types, Analytical psychology - Post-Jung, Analytical psychology - Classical school, Analytical psychology - Developmental school, Analytical psychology - Archetypal school

Read more here: » Analytical psychology: Encyclopedia II - Analytical psychology - Psychological types

Kim Dae-jung took office in the midst of the economic crisis that hit South Korea in the final year of Kim Young-sam's term. He vigorously pushed economic reform and restructuring to revitalize the economy, yielding some noticeable results in the South Korean economy. His policy of engagement with North Korea is called the Sunshine Policy. In 2000, he participated in the first North-South presidential summit with North Korea's leader Kim Jong-il, tal ...

See also:

Kim Daejung, Kim Daejung - Early political career, Kim Daejung - Road to the presidency, Kim Daejung - Presidency

Read more here: » Kim Daejung: Encyclopedia II - Kim Daejung - Presidency

Kim was again put under house arrest upon his return to Seoul, but resumed his role as one of the principal leaders of the political opposition. When Chun Doo-hwan succumbed to the popular demand and allowed the first democratic presidential election after the 1961 coup, Kim Dae-jung and Kim Young-sam, his longtime political comrade and rival, ran against each other. That split the opposition vote and enabled ex-general Roh T ...

See also:

Kim Daejung, Kim Daejung - Early political career, Kim Daejung - Road to the presidency, Kim Daejung - Presidency

Read more here: » Kim Daejung: Encyclopedia II - Kim Daejung - Road to the presidency

Jungian psychology (Analytical Psychology): System of psychoanalysis founded by psychiatrist and reincarnationist Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), of Zurich, Switzerland.

Jungian psychology theory posits a collective unconscious, synchronicity, and life energy (libidinal energy, the primal energy). Jung held that studying the collective racial unconscious could enhance understanding of the individual unconscious.

(See also: Jungian psychology, Body Mind and Soul, Alternative Health, Alternative Health Dictionary)

Eugene Monick PhD. is a Jungian Analyst practicing in Scranton, Pennsylvannia, and New York City. He is a graduate of the Virginia (Episcopal) Theological Seminary. He received his doctorate from the Union Graduate School, and his Diploma in Analytical Psychology from the C.G. Jung Institute in Zurich. Mr. Monick has published two books on masculine psychology. Phallos: Sacred Image of the Masculine [2] was published in 1987. In this book, Mr. Monick correlates male sexuality and spirituality, saying that "phallos" (the erect p ...

See also:

Masculine Psychology, Masculine Psychology - Males are not born of their own identity, Masculine Psychology - The role of the father, Masculine Psychology - The works of Eugene Monick, Masculine Psychology - Related articles, Masculine Psychology - External links

Read more here: » Masculine Psychology: Encyclopedia II - Masculine Psychology - The works of Eugene Monick

Narcissism - Freud versus Jung. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is credited for the first coherent theory of narcissism. He described transitions from subject-directed libido to object-directed libido through the intermediation and agency of the parents. To be healthy and functional, the transitions must be smooth and unperturbed; otherwise neuroses result. Thus, if a child fails to attract their love and attention of his or her desired objects (e.g., of his parents ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - Schools of Thought

Narcissism - Freud versus Jung. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is credited for the first coherent theory of narcissism. He described transitions from subject-directed libido to object-directed libido through the intermediation and agency of the parents. To be healthy and functional, the transitions must be smooth and unperturbed; otherwise neuroses result. Thus, if a child fails to attract their love and attention of his or her desired objects (e.g., of his parents ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - The Narcissist and his family, Narcissism - An integrative framework, Narcissism - Disturbances in childhood, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The narcissistic view of relationships, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - The Covert or Inverted Narcissist, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - Schools of Thought

The parable of Narcissus has been a rich vein for artists to mine for at least two thousand years, beginning with the Roman poet Ovid (book III of Metamorphoses), followed in more recent centuries by other poets (Keats), and painters (Caravaggio, Poussin, Turner, Dalí, and Waterhouse). In Stendhal's novel Le Rouge et le Noir (1830), there is a classic narcissist in the character of Mathilde. Says Prince Korasoff to Julien ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts

The parable of Narcissus has been a rich vein for artists to mine for at least two thousand years, beginning with the Roman poet Ovid (book III of Metamorphoses), followed in more recent centuries by other poets (Keats), and painters (Caravaggio, Poussin, Turner, Dalí, and Waterhouse). In Stendhal's novel Le Rouge et le Noir (1830), there is a classic narcissist in the character of Mathilde. Says Prince Korasoff to Julien ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - The Narcissist and his family, Narcissism - An integrative framework, Narcissism - Disturbances in childhood, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The narcissistic view of relationships, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - The Covert or Inverted Narcissist, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts

Whether pathological narcissism are the results of genetic programming (see Jose Lopez, Anthony Bemis and others) or of dysfunctional families and faulty upbringing or of anomic societies and disruptive socialisation processes — is still an unresolved debate. The scarcity of scientific research, the fuzziness of the diagnostic criteria and the differential diagnoses make it unlikely that this will be settled soon one way or the other. Psychoanalysis teaches that we are all narcissistic at an early stage of our lives. As infants and ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism

Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms. Narcissism is a defense mechanism related to the splitting defense mechanism. The Narcissist fails to regard other people, situations, or entities (political parties, countries, races, his workplace) as a compound of good and bad elements. He either idealises his object, or devalues it. Things are seen in black and white; the object is either all good or all bad. The bad attributes are always projected, displaced, or otherwise externalised. The good ones are internalised ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism

Whether pathological narcissism is the result of genetic programming (see Jose Lopez, Anthony Bemis and others) or of dysfunctional families and faulty upbringing or of anomic societies and disruptive socialisation processes — is still an unresolved question. The scarcity of scientific research, the fuzziness of the diagnostic criteria and the differential diagnoses make it unlikely that the debate will be settled soon. Psychoanalysis teaches that we are all narcissistic at an early stage of our lives. As infants and toddlers we all ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - The Narcissist and his family, Narcissism - An integrative framework, Narcissism - Disturbances in childhood, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The narcissistic view of relationships, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - The Covert or Inverted Narcissist, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism

Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms. Narcissism is a defense mechanism related to the splitting defense mechanism. The Narcissist fails to regard other people, situations, or entities (political parties, countries, races, his workplace) as a compound of good and bad elements. He either idealises his object, or devalues it. Things are seen in black and white; the object is either all good or all bad. The bad attributes are always projected, displaced, or otherwise externalised. The good ones are internalised ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - The Narcissist and his family, Narcissism - An integrative framework, Narcissism - Disturbances in childhood, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The narcissistic view of relationships, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - The Covert or Inverted Narcissist, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism

Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion. Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) gave explanations of the genesis of religion in his various writings. In Totem and Taboo, he applied the idea of the Oedipus complex (involving unresolved sexual feelings of, for example, a son toward his mother and hostility toward his father) and postulated its emergence in the primordial stage of human development. In Moses and Monotheism, Freud reconstructed biblical history in accord with his ge ...

See also:

Psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies, Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion, Psychology of religion - Carl Jung: Universal archetypes, Psychology of religion - Erich Fromm: Desire need for stable frame, Psychology of religion - Other studies, Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism, Psychology of religion - Alfred Adler: Feeling of inferiority perfection, Psychology of religion - Ludwig Feuerbach: Imagination wishes fear of death, Psychology of religion - Gordon Allport: Mature and immature religion, Psychology of religion - Erik H. Erikson: Influence on personality development, Psychology of religion - Rudolf Otto: Non-rational experience, Psychology of religion - Psychometric approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Developmental approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and coping with stress, Psychology of religion - Evolutionary psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs, Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people, Psychology of religion - James H. Leuba: Mystical experience and drugs, Psychology of religion - Drug-induced religious experiences, Psychology of religion - The effects of meditation, Psychology of religion - Links

Read more here: » Psychology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies

Narcissism - An integrative framework. "For very young children, self-esteem is probably best thought to consist of deep feelings of being loved, accepted, and valued by significant others rather than of feelings derived from evaluating oneself against some external criteria, as in the case of older children. Indeed, the only criterion appropriate for accepting and loving a newborn or infant is that he or she has been born. The unconditional love and acceptance experienced in the first year or two of life lay the ...

See also:

Narcissism, Narcissism - Origins of pathological narcissism, Narcissism - Narcissistic regression and the formation of secondary narcissism, Narcissism - The dynamics of narcissism, Narcissism - Primitive defense mechanisms, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The issue of separation and individuation, Narcissism - Childhood traumas and the development of the narcissistic personality, Narcissism - Schools of Thought, Narcissism - Freud versus Jung, Narcissism - Kohut's Approach, Narcissism - Karen Horney's contributions, Narcissism - Otto Kernberg, Narcissism - The Narcissist and his family, Narcissism - An integrative framework, Narcissism - Disturbances in childhood, Narcissism - The dysfunctional family, Narcissism - The narcissistic view of relationships, Narcissism - Narcissus in the arts, Narcissism - Symbolism, Narcissism - The Covert or Inverted Narcissist, Narcissism - Fictional narcissistic characters

Read more here: » Narcissism: Encyclopedia II - Narcissism - The Narcissist and his family

Escobar began what would become one of the most successful criminal careers in history as a teenage car thief in the streets of Medellín, Colombia. He eventually moved into the cocaine business and began building an enormous drug empire during the 1970s. During the peak years, it was alleged that he earned as much as one million dollars a day from drug dealings. During the 1980s, Escobar became known internationally as his drug network gained notoriety; El Cartel de Medellín is said to have controlled a large portion of the d ...

See also:

Pablo Escobar, Pablo Escobar - Life, Pablo Escobar - Trivia, Pablo Escobar - Notes

Read more here: » Pablo Escobar: Encyclopedia II - Pablo Escobar - Life

Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people. Karl Marx famously asserted religion to be "the opium of people" (sometimes quoted in English as "the opiate of the masses"). He stated that "Morals, religion, metaphysics and other forms of ideology and the forms of consciousness corresponding to them no longer retain their apparent independence. It is not consciousness t ...

See also:

Psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies, Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion, Psychology of religion - Carl Jung: Universal archetypes, Psychology of religion - Erich Fromm: Desire need for stable frame, Psychology of religion - Other studies, Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism, Psychology of religion - Alfred Adler: Feeling of inferiority perfection, Psychology of religion - Ludwig Feuerbach: Imagination wishes fear of death, Psychology of religion - Gordon Allport: Mature and immature religion, Psychology of religion - Erik H. Erikson: Influence on personality development, Psychology of religion - Rudolf Otto: Non-rational experience, Psychology of religion - Psychometric approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Developmental approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and coping with stress, Psychology of religion - Evolutionary psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs, Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people, Psychology of religion - James H. Leuba: Mystical experience and drugs, Psychology of religion - Drug-induced religious experiences, Psychology of religion - The effects of meditation, Psychology of religion - Links

Read more here: » Psychology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs

Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism. U.S. psychologist and philosopher William James (1842–1910) served as president of the American Psychological Association, and wrote one of the first psychology textbooks. In the psychology of religion, James's influence endures. His Varieties of Religious Experience is considered to be the classic work in the field, and is worth reading for anyone interested in psychology and religion. Indeed, references ...

See also:

Psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Psychoanalytical studies, Psychology of religion - Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex illusion, Psychology of religion - Carl Jung: Universal archetypes, Psychology of religion - Erich Fromm: Desire need for stable frame, Psychology of religion - Other studies, Psychology of religion - William James: Personal religious experience pragmatism, Psychology of religion - Alfred Adler: Feeling of inferiority perfection, Psychology of religion - Ludwig Feuerbach: Imagination wishes fear of death, Psychology of religion - Gordon Allport: Mature and immature religion, Psychology of religion - Erik H. Erikson: Influence on personality development, Psychology of religion - Rudolf Otto: Non-rational experience, Psychology of religion - Psychometric approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Developmental approaches to religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and coping with stress, Psychology of religion - Evolutionary psychology of religion, Psychology of religion - Religion and drugs, Psychology of religion - Karl Marx: Religion as opium of the people, Psychology of religion - James H. Leuba: Mystical experience and drugs, Psychology of religion - Drug-induced religious experiences, Psychology of religion - The effects of meditation, Psychology of religion - Links

Read more here: » Psychology of religion: Encyclopedia II - Psychology of religion - Other studies

archetype

(Jung) Basic type for form

(See also: Archetype, Body Mind and Soul)

shadow

(Jung) Inferior part of the personality, splinter self

(See also: Shadow, Body Mind and Soul)

Anima

(Jung)Personification of the masculine nature of a woman's unconscious

(See also: Anima, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Animus

(Jung) Personification of the masculine nature of a woman's unconscious

(See also: Animus, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)