Encyclopedia - Freedom Party Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Party Of Austria - Jörg Haider
Jörg Haider was the leading figure of the FPÖ between 1986 and 2001 and soon became one of the most controversial European politicians ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Austrians: Encyclopedia - List Of Austrians
The following list is an election of famous Austrians. For full lists of all famous Austrians please view the sublists. Note: This list i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carinthia State: Encyclopedia - Carinthia State
Carinthia (German Kärnten, Slovenian Koroška) is a state or Land, located in the south of Austria. It covers an area of 9,536 km² with...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration: Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration
Anti-immigration may be used to describe individuals, groups or movements which oppose significant levels of immigration into their count...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia - Austria
The Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich) is a landlocked country in central Europe. It borders Germany and the Czech Republ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anschluss: Encyclopedia - Anschluss
The Anschluss[1] (German: connection, or political union), also known as the Anschluss Österreichs, was the 1938 inclusion of Austria in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Vienna: Encyclopedia - University Of Vienna
The University of Vienna (German: Universität Wien) in Austria was founded in 1365 by Rudolph IV and hence named Alma Mater Rudolphina. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carinthia State: Encyclopedia - Carinthia State
Carinthia (German Kärnten, Slovenian Koroška) is a state or Land, located in the south of Austria. It covers an area of 9,536 km² with...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elfriede Jelinek: Encyclopedia Ii - Elfriede Jelinek - Critics And Politics
Her work—before the Nobel Prize announcement largely unknown outside the German-speaking world, —resembles that of acclaimed Austrian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Populism: Encyclopedia Ii - Populism - History
Populism - Classical populism. The word populism is derived from the Latin word populus, which means people in English (in the sense of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Decoy: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Decoy - Political Decoys In History
Since deception is the whole purpose of employing a political decoy, there are many instances of alleged decoying which remain uncertain....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pim Fortuyn: Encyclopedia Ii - Pim Fortuyn - Biography
Fortuyn was born on February 19, 1948 in Velsen, to a Catholic family. He studied sociology in Amsterdam and later worked as a lecturer a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - March 2004: Encyclopedia Ii - March 2004 - Events
• 08 Abu Abbas • 20 Queen Juliana • 28 Peter Ustinov • 30 Alistair Cooke More March 2004 deaths March 2004 - Ongoing events. EU ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - November 2002: Encyclopedia Ii - November 2002 - Events
See also: Israeli-Palestinian conflict War on Terrorism U.S. plan to invade Iraq Stock market downturn of 2002 Corporate accounting scan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Committee On The Present Danger: Encyclopedia Ii - Committee On The Present Danger - Private Connections
"The CPD is a member of the Coalition for Peace Through Strength (CPTS), an ad hoc lobby group of the American Security Council which is ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austrian People's Party: Encyclopedia Ii - Austrian People's Party - History
The Austrian People's Party is the successor of the Christian Social Party, a staunchly conservative movement founded in 1893 by Karl Lue...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Party Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Party Of Austria - The Coalition Government
In the 1999 parliamentary election, the FPÖ received 27% of the votes, more than in any election before; by a small margin (about 400 vo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Vienna: Encyclopedia Ii - University Of Vienna - Organizational Structure: History And Present Developments
The University of Vienna (as all universities and academies in Austria) featured an innovative system of democratic representation. Power...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Liberal Forum: Encyclopedia Ii - Liberal Forum - Founding
It was founded on February 4, 1993, when liberals within the FPÖ, including five members of the National Council (Nationalrat, lower hou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Slovenians: Encyclopedia Ii - Slovenians - Slovenians During And After The 2nd World War
Slovenians during and after the 2nd World War Slovenia was invaded by Axis forces on April 6, 1941 after a coup d'etat in the Yugoslav go...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alliance For The Future Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Alliance For The Future Of Austria - Presence In The Bundesländer
The organisations of the Freedom Party in the individual Bundesländer (states) reacted in very different ways to the creation of the BZ�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - Racism By Country
In 19th century Europe and America, some scientists developed various theories about biological differences among races, and these theori...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Treaty Of Nice: Encyclopedia Ii - Treaty Of Nice - Provisions Of The Treaty
The primary purpose of the Treaty of Nice was to reform the institutional structure to withstand the Enlargement of the European Union, a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frank Stronach: Encyclopedia Ii - Frank Stronach - Activities In Austria
In 1986, Magna Europa was founded, its headquarters being located in Oberwaltersdorf, Lower Austria. Stronach started to become a notable...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carinthia State: Encyclopedia Ii - Carinthia State - Administrative Divisions
The state is divided into 8 districts (Bezirke), and two Statutarstädte. Carinthia state - Statutarstädte. Klagenfurt Villach Cari...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Austria - The Habsburg Monarchy 13th Century–1918
Also see: Habsburg Monarchy History of Austria - Beginnings 1278-1526. Following the extinction of the Babenbergs in the 13th century, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Northern League Italy: Encyclopedia Ii - Northern League Italy - Ideology
The league's culture is a mix of pride in the heritage of northern Italy (particularly with historical references to the anti-imperial Lo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Liberalism In Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Liberalism In Austria - Introduction
In the Austrian Empire a liberal current evolved in the nineteenth century. When the national question became more important in Austrian ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anschluss: Encyclopedia Ii - Anschluss - Legacy Of The 1938 Anschluss
Anschluss - The Anschluss: annexation or union?. Some historical sources, for instance Encyclopedia Britannica and the Encarta Encyclop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-immigration - Counter Arguments
In response, others points out that: the "isolation" argument has racist undertones as it is typically directed at immigrants from devel...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Austrians: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Austrians - Science
Main Article: list of Austrian scientists List of Austrians - Economists. Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian School of economics Fri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Austria - History
Austria - Austria and the Holy Roman Empire. The territory of Austria originally known as the Celtic kingdom of Noricum, was a long tim...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of Austria - Political Conditions
Since World War II, Austria has enjoyed political stability. A Socialist elder statesman, Dr. Karl Renner, organized an Austrian administ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Friedrich Peter: Encyclopedia Ii - Friedrich Peter - Early Life
Born as the son of a social democratic engine driver and a master baker's daughter, Peter joined the NSDAP in 1938 and volunteered for th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Austrians: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Austrians - Science
Main Article: list of Austrian scientists List of Austrians - Economists. Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian School of economics Fri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Liberalism In Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Liberalism In Austria - The Timeline
Liberalism in Austria - From Constitutional Party until German Progressive Party. 1861: Liberals from various parliamentary factions u...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Party Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Party Of Austria - Secession Of Jörg Haider And The BzÖ
In early 2005, the FPÖ was increasingly ridden by internal strife between populist and nationalist factions. Its bargaining position wit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Committee On The Present Danger: Encyclopedia Ii - Committee On The Present Danger - 2004 Cpd Overview
In June 2004, The Hill reported that a third incarnation of CPD was being planned, to address the War on Terrorism. The head of the 2004 ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Committee On The Present Danger: Encyclopedia Ii - Committee On The Present Danger - History: 1970s
"The post Vietnam era, however, saw the reemergence in the American public of anti-interventionist sentiment. In Congress, new policies o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Committee On The Present Danger: Encyclopedia Ii - Committee On The Present Danger - Historical Overview
The committee first met in 1950, it was founded by Tracy Vorhees to promote the plans proposed in NSC 68 by Paul Nitze and Dean Acheson. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - From Racial Theory To Racism
Racism - The word and the concept of race. Further information: Race (historical definitions) Before considering racism, it is an impor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - Origins Of Racism
One view of the origins of racism emphasizes stereotypes, which psychologists generally believe are influenced by cultural factors. Peopl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - Expressions
Racism may be expressed individually and consciously, through explicit thoughts, feelings, or acts, or socially and unconsciously, throug...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alliance For The Future Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Alliance For The Future Of Austria - Controversies
Alliance for the Future of Austria - The party's attitude to the Nazi period. Upon its foundation the BZÖ declared itself ready for go...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of Austria - Executive Branch
Austria's head of state is the Bundespräsident (Federal President), elected by popular vote for a term of six years and limited to two t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Freedom Party Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Freedom Party Of Austria - Origins And History
The Freedom Party was founded in 1955 and had its roots in the Pan German movement, which included both elements of liberalism and nation...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anschluss: Encyclopedia Ii - Anschluss - Situation Before The Anschluss
██ Border of Austria-Hungary in 1914 ██ Borders in 1914 ██ Borders in 1920    » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Austria - Early Middle Ages
During the Migration Period, the Slavs migrated into the Alps in the wake of the expansion of their Avar overlords during the 7th century...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Committee On The Present Danger: Encyclopedia Ii - Committee On The Present Danger - Government Connections
"Thirty-three members of CPD received appointments in Reagan's first administration, more than twenty of them in national security posts....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Austria - Babenberg Austria
After the defeat of the Magyars by Emperor Otto the Great in the Battle of Lechfeld (955), new Marches were established in what is today ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alliance For The Future Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Alliance For The Future Of Austria - Members
At the initial party conference on April 17, 2005, Jörg Haider was elected leader of the Alliance. Hubert Gorbach, the Austrian Vice-Cha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Elfriede Jelinek: Encyclopedia Ii - Elfriede Jelinek - The Nobel Prize
Commenting on the Nobel Prize, she said that she was very happy but also felt despair: "despair for becoming a known, a person of the pub...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frank Stronach: Encyclopedia Ii - Frank Stronach - Politics
He was a candidate of the Liberal Party of Canada in the 1988 federal election for the riding of York—Simcoe, but was defeated by the P...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frank Stronach: Encyclopedia Ii - Frank Stronach - Early Life
Born Franz Strohsack in the small town of Kleinsemmering, Styria, Austria to a working-class couple. His childhood was marked by the Grea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Austria - The First Republic 1918–1934
Also see: First Austrian Republic Following the defeat of Austria-Hungary in World War I, in the Aftermath of World War I the Empire was ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Austria - Austrofascism 1934–1938
Main articles: Austrian Civil War, Austrofascism Under the Christian Social Party, the Austrian government was moving towards centralizat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of Austria - Constitution
Main article: Constitution of Austria Even though the Republic of Austria is just slightly larger than Maine, Scotland, or Hokkaidō, and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Northern League Italy: Encyclopedia Ii - Northern League Italy - History
The party had its first successes in the late eighties, when Umberto Bossi, elected at the Italian Senate, got his title of Senatur, or s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Politics Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Politics Of Austria - Political Parties And Elections
1 Stood only in Vienna 2 Stood only in Vienna and Vorarlberg 3 Stood only in Vorarlberg Main articles: Austria legislative election, 200...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Austria - The Second Republic Since 1945
History of Austria - Allied occupation. Under the Allied Commission established by an agreement on July 4, 1945, the country was occupi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Austria - Part Of Nazi Germany 1938–1945
Main article: Anschluss, Nazi Germany Although the Treaty of Versailles and the Treaty of St. Germain had explicitly forbidden the unific...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frank Stronach: Encyclopedia Ii - Frank Stronach - Business Career
In 1957 he started his first business, Multimatic Investments Ltd., in the old manufacturing district of Toronto. In 1969 his firm acquir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Treaty Of Nice: Encyclopedia Ii - Treaty Of Nice - Ratification Process
Under the current rules for the amendment of the Treaties, the Treaties can only be amended by a new Treaty, which must be ratified by ea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Austria - Religion
While northern and central Germany was the origin of the Reformation, Austria (and Bavaria) were the heart of the Counter-Reformation in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Austria - Demographics
Austria's capital Vienna is one of Europe's major cities with a population exceeding 1.6 million (2 million with suburbs) and constitutes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Austria - Economy
Austria has a well-developed social market economy and a high standard of living. Until the 1980s many of Austria's largest industry firm...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Austria - Culture
Although Austria is a small country, its history as a world power and its unique cultural environment in the heart of Europe have generat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Friedrich Peter: Encyclopedia Ii - Friedrich Peter - Early Political Career
From 1955 to 1966, he served as a deputy in the Upper Austrian Landtag, first as a representative of the Verband der Unabhängigen, later...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Liberal Forum: Encyclopedia Ii - Liberal Forum - Chairpersons Since 1993
The chart below shows a timeline of the Liberal chairpersons and the Chancellors of Austria. The left bar shows all the chairpersons (Bun...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Friedrich Peter: Encyclopedia Ii - Friedrich Peter - Controversy With Jörg Haider And Later Life
His relationship to Jörg Haider was rather strained. The final split came in 1992 after Haider made a public comment on the "Third Reich...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Friedrich Peter: Encyclopedia Ii - Friedrich Peter - Support Of The SpÖ Minority Government And The Kreisky-peter-wiesenthal Affair
Even though the FPÖ had declared during the election campaign that there would not be a "red chancellor", it supported Bruno Kreisky's m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Austria - Geography
Austria is a largely mountainous country due to its location in the Alps. The Central Eastern Alps, Northern Limestone Alps and Southern ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Austria - Politics
Austria became a federal, parliamentarian, democratic republic through the Federal Constitution of 1920. It was reintroduced in 1945 to t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-immigration - Major Anti-immigration Arguments
Anti-immigration sentiments are typically justified with one or more of the following arguments: immigrants isolate themselves in their ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anschluss: Encyclopedia Ii - Anschluss - Reactions And Consequences Of The Anschluss
The picture of Austria in the first days of its existence in the Third Reich is one of contradictions: At one and the same time, Hitler's...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anschluss: Encyclopedia Ii - Anschluss - The Anschluss Of 1938
Anschluss - Hitler's first moves. In early 1938 Hitler had consolidated his power in Germany and was ready to reach out to fulfil his l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-immigration - Continental European Anti-immigration Movements
Current anti-immigration views in Europe seem particularly directed towards the recent influx of Muslims from Turkey and Northern Africa....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-immigration - Opposition To Immigration In The United Kingdom
Anti-immigrant perspectives in the United Kingdom have to do with the many South Asians, particularly Pakistanis and Indians, who have mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-immigration - Anti-immigration Views In The United States
In the United States, anti-immigration views have a long history, including the American Party of the mid-19th Century (formed by members...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-immigration: Encyclopedia Ii - Anti-immigration - Immigration And Economics
Another issue concerns free trade; immigrant rights advocates believe it is hypocritical and inhumane to allow goods and money to freely ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pim Fortuyn: Encyclopedia Ii - Pim Fortuyn - Views On Islam And Immigration
In August 2001, Fortuyn was quoted in the Rotterdams Dagblad newspaper, saying, among other things, "I am also in favour of a cold war wi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pim Fortuyn: Encyclopedia Ii - Pim Fortuyn - Other Views
He said he was neither right wing nor left wing, asked for more openness in politics, and expressed his distaste for what he called "subs...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Slovenians: Encyclopedia Ii - Slovenians - Slovenians Between The 18th Century And The Second World War
Slovenian lands were part of the Illyrian provinces, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary (in Cisleithania). Many Slovenians emigrated...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Slovenians: Encyclopedia Ii - Slovenians - Slovenians During The Frankish Empire
Due to pressing danger of Avar tribes from the east, Karantanians accepted union with Bavarians in 745 and later recognized Frankish rule...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Slovenians: Encyclopedia Ii - Slovenians - Early Slovenians
Around 570, the Slavic tribes started to settle in the region between the Alps and the Adriatic Sea. From 623 to 658, the Slavic tribes b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - From Racial Theory To Racism
Before considering racism, it is an important methodological point to distinguish historically when the concepts of "race" and "racism" b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - Origins Of Racism
One view of the origins of racism emphasizes stereotypes, which psychologists generally believe are influenced by cultural factors. Peopl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Austrian People's Party: Encyclopedia Ii - Austrian People's Party - Platform
With regard to social policy, the Austrian People's Party is a classical conservative movement, running on a platform of respect for trad...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - Related Terminology
The terms racialism and racialist is sometimes used by those who think it is a different concept in which negativity or hatred is not pre...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Racism: Encyclopedia Ii - Racism - Expressions
Racism may be expressed individually and consciously, through explicit thoughts, feelings, or acts, or socially and unconsciously, throug...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Treaty Of Nice: Encyclopedia Ii - Treaty Of Nice - Views Of The Treaty
Proponents of the Treaty claim it is a utilitarian adjustment to cumbersome EU governing mechanisms and a required streamlining of decisi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anschluss: Encyclopedia Ii - Anschluss - Situation Before The Anschluss
   Border of Austria-Hungary in 1914    » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Decoy: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Decoy - Decoying: Theory And Practice
The practice of decoying is essentially little different from the profession of celebrity lookalike, in which people mimic famous enterta...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pim Fortuyn: Encyclopedia Ii - Pim Fortuyn - Legacy
Fortuyn is widely credited with dramatically changing the Dutch political landscape and political culture. The 2002 elections, only weeks...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pim Fortuyn: Encyclopedia Ii - Pim Fortuyn - Reasons For Success
Many opinion leaders have tried to explain the rise of Fortuyn and his appeal with a large segment of the voters. A widely held view focu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Decoy: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Decoy - Voice-only Decoys
These are generally exceptionally good impersonators, who are used to give the impression that their 'target' is conducting a radio inter...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Populism: Encyclopedia Ii - Populism - Populist Methods
Populism is characterized by a sometimes radical critique of the status quo, but on the whole does not have a strong political identity a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Vienna: Encyclopedia Ii - University Of Vienna - Famous Scholars
Nobel-prize winners who taught at the University of Vienna include Robert Bárány, Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Hans Fischer, Karl Landsteiner...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Populism: Encyclopedia Ii - Populism - Current Or Recent Populists
Populism is alive and well in various countries around the world. Examples of populists in the contemporary era include: Bob Hawke in Au...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alliance For The Future Of Austria: Encyclopedia Ii - Alliance For The Future Of Austria - Foundation
The BZÖ was founded as the result of considerable disagreements within the Freedom Party between Jörg Haider and the circle around Hein...   » Read the article