Laurence Sterne Irish fiction can be said to begin with the publication in 1726 of Jonathan Swift's masterpiece Gulliver's Travels. This novel, often treated as a book for children, is one of the most savage satires in the English language and set the highest possible standard for Irish writers to come. The next Irish novelist of importance was Laurence Sterne (1713-1768). Stern was born in Clonmel, County Tipperary and was in his mid-forties when he published The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentlemen ...

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Irish fiction, Irish fiction - The 18th Century, Irish fiction - The 19th century, Irish fiction - Into the Modern, Irish fiction - Irish Fiction Now, Irish fiction - See Also

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Colley Cibber - Pamphlet wars. From the very beginning of the 18th century, when Cibber first rose to being Rich's right-hand man and spy at Drury Lane, his opportunism and his brash, thick-skinned personality gave rise to many barbs in print, especially against his patchwork plays. The early attacks were mostly anonymous, but some have been ascribed to Daniel Defoe and Tom Brown (see Lowe). Later, Jonathan Swift, John Gay, James Thomson, Richard Blackmore, John Dennis, and Henry Fielding all lambasted Cibber in ...

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Colley Cibber, Colley Cibber - Life, Colley Cibber - Cibber's autobiography, Colley Cibber - Cibber as actor, Colley Cibber - Cibber as playwright, Colley Cibber - Love's Last Shift, Colley Cibber - The Careless Husband, Colley Cibber - Other plays, Colley Cibber - Cibber as manager, Colley Cibber - Cibber as poet, Colley Cibber - Cibber as dunce, Colley Cibber - Pamphlet wars, Colley Cibber - The King of Dunces, Colley Cibber - Plays, Colley Cibber - Literary Trivia

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The community was first chartered in 1766 by Colonial Governor Benning Wentworth as Burton for General Jonathan Burton of Wilton. The town was incorporated and renamed Albany in 1833, when the New York Central Railroad from New York City to Albany was chartered. Albany includes Mount Chocorua and Mount Paugus, as well as the southeastern corner of the White Mountain National Forest. Albany is the entrance to the Mount Washington Valley, and features a 120 foot covered bridge that spans the Swift River just north of the Kancamagus Highway. Spectacular views of Mount Chocorua, popular w ...

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Albany New Hampshire, Albany New Hampshire - History, Albany New Hampshire - Geography, Albany New Hampshire - Demographics

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Thomas Carlyle is notable both for his continuation of older traditions of the Tory satirists of the 18th century in England and for forging a new tradition of Victorian era criticism of progress. Sartor Resartus can be seen both as an extension of the chaotic, skeptical satires of Jonathan Swift and Laurence Sterne and as an annunciation of a new point of view on values. Finding the world hollow, Carlyle's misanthropist professor-narrator discovers a need for revolution of the spirit. In one sense, this resolution is in keeping with ...

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Thomas Carlyle, Thomas Carlyle - Early Life and Influences, Thomas Carlyle - Writings, Thomas Carlyle - Early writings, Thomas Carlyle - Heroes and Hero Worship, Thomas Carlyle - The Everlasting Yea and No, Thomas Carlyle - Worship of Silence and Sorrow, Thomas Carlyle - Later work, Thomas Carlyle - Private life, Thomas Carlyle - Influence, Thomas Carlyle - Works, Thomas Carlyle - Definitions

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Born in Bardsey, England (near Leeds), Congreve was educated in the law at Trinity College in Dublin, Ireland; there he met Jonathan Swift, who would be his friend for the remainder of his life. Upon graduation, he became a disciple of John Dryden. William Congreve wrote some of the most popular English plays of the Restoration period of the late 17th and very early 18th centuries. By the age of thirty, he had written several notable plays, including Love for Love (premiered April 30 ...

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William Congreve playwright, William Congreve playwright - Biography, William Congreve playwright - Fame from his play The Mourning Bride, William Congreve playwright - Music hath charms to soothe a savage breast, William Congreve playwright - Heaven has no rage like love to hatred turned Nor hell a fury like a woman scorned

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Adamant and similar words are used to refer to any especially hard substance, whether composed of diamond, some other gemstone, or some type of metal. Both adamant and diamond derive from the Greek word αδαμας (adamas), meaning "untameable". The word adamant is comparable to the word brimstone, an archaic word for sulphur. Since diamond is now used exclusively for the hardest gemstone, the increasingly archaic adamant–and its adjectival form adamantine–has a mostly poet ...

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• Adamant - Examples of use

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An allegory (from Greek αλλος, allos, "other", and αγορευειν, agoreuein, "to speak in public") is a figurative mode of representation conveying a meaning other than and in addition to the literal. Through allegory a subject of a higher spiritual order is described in terms of that of a lower which is made out to resemble it in properties and circumstances, the principal subject being so kept out of view that we are left to construe the drift ...

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also known as "The Eucharist" or "The Lord's Supper" Theology Consecration Consubstantiation Memorialism Real Presence Transubstantiation Theologies contrasted Important theologians Paul ·Aquinas Augustine · Calvin Chrysostom · Cranmer Luther · Zwingli Related Articles Christianity Catholic Historic Roots Closed and Open Table Divine Liturgy Eucharistic adoration Eucharistic discipline First Communion Infan ...

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• Consubstantiation - History and culture

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also known as "The Eucharist" or "The Lord's Supper" Theology Consecration Consubstantiation Memorialism Real Presence Transubstantiation Theologies contrasted Important theologians Paul ·Aquinas Augustine · Calvin Chrysostom · Cranmer Luther · Zwingli Related Articles Christianity Catholic Historic Roots Closed and Open Table Divine Liturgy Eucharistic adoration Eucharistic discipline First Communion Infa ...

Including:

• Transubstantiation - Theology of transubstantiation
• Transubstantiation - Roman Catholicism
• Transubstantiation - Oriental Orthodoxy and Eastern Orthodoxy
• Transubstantiation - Anglicanism
• Transubstantiation - Lutheranism
• Transubstantiation - The Old-Catholics Altkatholische and the independent catholic Churches derived from them
• Transubstantiation - Other Christian denominations
• Transubstantiation - Historical perspectives

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1745 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State leaders From Categories: births - deaths 1745 - Events. May 11 - War of Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy - At Fontenoy, French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch ...

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• 1745 - Events
• 1745 - Ongoing events
• 1745 - Births
• 1745 - Deaths

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1720 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State leaders From Categories: births - deaths 1720 - Events. January 6 - The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 - Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Sto ...

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• 1720 - Events
• 1720 - Ongoing events
• 1720 - Births
• 1720 - Deaths

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1667 - Births. April 29 - John Arbuthnot, English physician and writer (d. 1735) May 26 - Abraham de Moivre, French mathematician (d. 1754) June 18 - Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (d. 1750) July 28 - Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathemiatician (d. 1748) August 11 - Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, last of the Medicis (d. 1743) September 5 - Giovanni Gerolamo Saccheri, Italian mathematician (d. 1733) September 28 - Asano Naganori, Japanese warlord (d. 170 ...

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• 1667 - Events
• 1667 - Births
• 1667 - Deaths
• 1667 - Heads of states

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1703 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State leaders From Categories: births - deaths 1703 - Events. February 2 - Earthquake in L'Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - ...

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• 1703 - Events
• 1703 - Births
• 1703 - Deaths

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A Tale of a Tub is divided between various forms of digression and sections of a "tale." The "tale," or narrative, is an allegory that concerns the adventures of three brothers, Peter, Martin, and Jack, as they attempt to make their way in the world. Each of the brothers represents one of the primary branches of Christianity in the west. This part of the book is a pun on "tub," which Alexander Pope says was a common term for a pulpit, and a reference to Swift's own position as a clergyman. Peter (named for Saint Peter) stands in for t ...

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A Tale of a Tub, A Tale of a Tub - Summary, A Tale of a Tub - Cultural setting, A Tale of a Tub - Authorial background, A Tale of a Tub - Nature of the satire, A Tale of a Tub - Historical background, A Tale of a Tub - Publication history, A Tale of a Tub - Authorship debate

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A Confederacy of Dunces - Ignatius J. Reilly. Ignatius is something of a modern Don Quixote — eccentric and creative, sometimes to the point of delusion. He looks for jobs requiring little or no work, to further his desire to achieve greatness. He disdains modern civilization, and particularly pop culture, which in a perverse twist, becomes his obsession, merely to mock its inanity and express his outrage with its lack of "theology" and "geometry." He prefers the scholastic philosophy of the Middle Ages, especially that of Boethius. See also:

A Confederacy of Dunces, A Confederacy of Dunces - Major characters, A Confederacy of Dunces - Ignatius J. Reilly, A Confederacy of Dunces - Myrna Minkoff, A Confederacy of Dunces - Irene Reilly, A Confederacy of Dunces - Other characters, A Confederacy of Dunces - Notes, A Confederacy of Dunces - Film adaptations

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The author (who is not to be confused with Swift himself, but is merely a persona) argues, through economic reasoning as well as a self-righteous moral stance, for a way to turn the problem of squalor among the Catholics in Ireland into its own solution. His proposal is to fatten up the undernourished children and feed them to Ireland's rich land-owners. Children of the poor could be sold into a meat market at the age of one thus combating overpopulation and unemployment, sparing families the expense of child-rearing while providing them with a little extra income, improving the culinary experience of the wealthy, and contributing to the ...

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A Modest Proposal, A Modest Proposal - Theme, A Modest Proposal - Reactions, A Modest Proposal - Modern usage, A Modest Proposal - Other examples of modest proposals

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Carrickfergus is classified by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) as a Large Town (ie population between 18,000 and 75,000 people) and within Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area (BMUA). On Census day (29 April 2001) there were 27,201 people living in Carrickfergus. Of these: 23.2% were aged under 16 years and 15.9% were aged 60 and over 48.6% of the population were male and 51.4% were female 7.8% were from a Catholic background and 86.1% were from a Protestant background 3.6% of people aged 16-74 were unemployed. For more deta ...

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Carrickfergus, Carrickfergus - Famous people, Carrickfergus - Miscellaneous, Carrickfergus - 2001 Census, Carrickfergus - See Also

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The Church of Ireland claims that its origins go back to the ancient Celtic Church in Ireland, which was founded at Paris by disciples of St. Phillip c. AD 108 and expanded into Britain and Ireland shortly thereafter, however these claims are not left undisputed as the Catholic Church in Ireland has a longer history. Originally a form of Christianised Druidism, Saint Patrick was instrumental in the formal re-organisation of the Celtic Church two centuries later. A monastically-centred institution, the unique calendar and usages of the Celtic ...

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Church of Ireland, Church of Ireland - History, Church of Ireland - The Church of Ireland today, Church of Ireland - Prominent Irish Anglicans

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Voltaire - Early Years. Voltaire's mother died when he was seven years old. At age nine, he was sent to the Jesuit Collège Louis-le-Grand, and remained there until 1711. Though he derided the education he had received, claiming he learned nothing other than "Latin and the stupidities," it formed the basis of his considerable knowledge and probably kindled his lifelong devotion to theater. When he graduated and returned home at the age of seventeen, Voltaire planned to start a career in writing, but his fa ...

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Voltaire, Voltaire - Biography, Voltaire - Early Years, Voltaire - Exile to England, Voltaire - Return to Paris, Voltaire - Cirey, Voltaire - Frederick the Great, Voltaire - Ferney, Voltaire - Works, Voltaire - Major works, Voltaire - Plays, Voltaire - Poetry, Voltaire - Prose and romances, Voltaire - Historical, Voltaire - Philosophy, Voltaire - Miscellaneous, Voltaire - Correspondence, Voltaire - Legacy, Voltaire - Quotations, Voltaire - Misattribution

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Main Article: Anglo-Saxon literature The earliest form of the English language developed after the settlement of the Saxons and other Germanic tribes in England after the withdrawal of the Romans and is known as Old English or Anglo-Saxon. The most famous work in Old English is the epic poem Beowulf. (The oldest surviving text in English is Caedmon's hymn of creation.) The precise date of the manuscript is debated, but most estimates place it close to AD 1000. Chronicles contained a range of historical and literary accounts, for example: Historia ecclesi ...

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British literature, British literature - Old Celtic literature, British literature - Old English literature, British literature - Late medieval literature in England, British literature - Other medieval literatures, British literature - Early modern English literature to 1660, British literature - English language literature from 1660 to the late 18th century, British literature - Non English language literatures from the 16th century to the 19th century, British literature - 19th century English language literature, British literature - The Romantics, British literature - The 19th century novel, British literature - Victorian poets, British literature - Ireland, British literature - Wales, British literature - Scotland, British literature - English language literature since 1900, British literature - Non English language literatures since 1900, British literature - Literary prizes

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Anne was born in St. James's Palace of London, the second daughter of James, Duke of York, (afterwards James II) and his first wife, the Lady Anne Hyde (daughter of Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, an important politician). Her paternal uncle was King Charles II, and her older sister was the future Mary II. Anne and Mary were the only children of the Duke and Duchess of York to survive into adulthood. Anne suffered as a child from an eye infection; for medical treatment, she was sent to France. She lived with her grandmother, Henrietta Ma ...

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Anne of Great Britain, Anne of Great Britain - Early life, Anne of Great Britain - William and Mary, Anne of Great Britain - Early reign, Anne of Great Britain - Reign in Great Britain, Anne of Great Britain - Later years, Anne of Great Britain - Death, Anne of Great Britain - Legacy, Anne of Great Britain - Style and arms, Anne of Great Britain - Issue

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Transubstantiation is generally understood to refer to the belief that at the "moment" of Consecration, the elements (or "gifts" as they are termed for liturgical purposes) of bread and wine are transformed (literally trans-substance-iated) into the actual Body and Blood of Christ. The terms "elements" or "gifts" are preferred, as it is theologically incorrect to refer to the "bread" or "wine" after they have been consecrated, as Roman Catholics believe they are no longer bread and wine. This doctrine holds that the elements are not only spi ...

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Transubstantiation, Transubstantiation - Theology of transubstantiation, Transubstantiation - Roman Catholicism, Transubstantiation - Oriental Orthodoxy and Eastern Orthodoxy, Transubstantiation - Anglicanism, Transubstantiation - Lutheranism, Transubstantiation - The Old-Catholics Altkatholische and the independent catholic Churches derived from them, Transubstantiation - Other Christian denominations, Transubstantiation - Historical perspectives

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