John von Neumann - Biography

John von Neumann (Neumann János) (December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957) was a Jewish Hungarian-born mathematician and polymath who made important contributions in quantum physics, functional analysis, set theory, computer science, economics and many other mathematical fields. Most notably, von Neumann was a pioneer of the modern digital computer and the application of operator theory to quantum mechanics (see Von Neumann algebra), member of the Manhattan Project Team, creator of game theory and the concept of cellular automata. ...

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• John von Neumann - Biography
• John von Neumann - Logic
• John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics
• John von Neumann - Economics
• John von Neumann - Armaments
• John von Neumann - Computer Science
• John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs
• John von Neumann - Honors
• John von Neumann - Students

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"We can all think clearly, more or less, some of the time, but von Neumann's clarity of thought was orders of magnitude greater than that of most of us, all the time. For von Neumann it seemed to be impossible to be unclear in thought or in expression." --Paul Halmos The oldest of three children, von Neumann was born Neumann Margittai János Lajos (two surnames, two given names respectively) in Budapest, Austria-Hungary (Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia) to Neumann Miksa (Max Neumann), a lawyer who worked in a bank, and ...

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John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Biography

"We can all think clearly, more or less, some of the time, but von Neumann's clarity of thought was orders of magnitude greater than that of most of us, all the time. For von Neumann it seemed to be impossible to be unclear in thought or in expression." --Paul Halmos The oldest of three children, von Neumann was born Neumann Margittai János Lajos (two surnames, two given names respectively) in Budapest, Austria-Hungary (Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia) to Neumann Miksa (Max Neumann), a lawyer who worked in a bank, and ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Biography

Up until the 1930s, the field of economics seemed to involve the utilization of a great deal of mathematics and numbers; but almost all of this was either superficial or irrelevant. It was used, for the most part, in order to provide uselessly precise formulations and solutions to problems which were, in fact, intrinsically vague. Economics found itself in a state similar to that of the physics of the 17th century: still waiting for the development of an appropriate language in which to express and resolve its problems. ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Economics

At the International Congress of Mathematicians of 1900, David Hilbert presented his famous list of twenty-three problems considered central for the development of the mathematics of the new century: the sixth of these was the axiomatization of physical theories. Among the new physical theories of the century the only one which had yet to receive such a treatment by the end of the 1930's was quantum mechanics. In fact, QM found itself, at this time, in a condition of foundational crisis similar to that of set theory at the beginning o ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics

In 1937 von Neumann, having recently obtained his US citizenship, began to take an interest in problems in applied mathematics. He rapidly became one of the top experts in the field of explosives, and he committed himself to a very large number of military consultancies, primarily for the Navy (it seems likely that he preferred socializing with admirals rather than generals because the former tended to enjoy drin ...

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John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Armaments

Von Neumann gave his name to the von Neumann architecture used in most non-parallel-processing computers, because of his publication of the concept, though many feel that this naming ignores the contribution of J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly who worked on the concept during their work on ENIAC. Virtually every commercially available home computer, microcomputer and supercomputer is a von Neumann machine. He created the field of cellular automata without computers, constructing the first examples of self-replicating automata with ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Computer science

The John von Neumann Theory Prize of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science (INFORMS, previously TIMS-ORSA) is awarded annually to an individual (or sometimes group) who have made fundamental and sustained contributions to theory in operations research and the management sciences. The IEEE John von Neumann Medal is awarded annually by the IEEE "for outstanding achievements in computer-related science and technology." Von Neumann, a crater on Ear ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Honors

Von Neumann had experienced a lightning-like academic career similar to the velocity of his own intellect, obtaining at the age of twenty-nine one of the first five professorships at the newly born Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton (another had gone to Albert Einstein). He seemed compelled, therefore, to seek out other fields of interest in order to satisfy his ambitious personality, and he found this outlet in the collaboration (some might say, collaborationism) with the Military-industrial complex. He was a frequent consultant for the CIA, ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs

The axiomatization of mathematics, on the model of Euclid's Elements, had reached new levels of rigor and breadth at the end of the 19th century, particularly in arithmetic (thanks to Richard Dedekind and Giuseppe Peano) and geometry (thanks to David Hilbert). At the beginning of the twentieth century, however, set theory, the new branch of mathematics invented by Georg Cantor, and thrown into crisis by Bertrand Russell with the discovery of his famous paradox (on the set of all sets which do not belong to themselves), had not yet been forma ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer science, John von Neumann - Politics and social affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Logic

At the International Congress of Mathematicians of 1900, David Hilbert presented his famous list of twenty-three problems considered central for the development of the mathematics of the new century: the sixth of these was the axiomatization of physical theories. Among the new physical theories of the century the only one which had yet to receive such a treatment by the end of the 1930's was quantum mechanics. In fact, QM found itself, at this time, in a condition of foundational crisis similar to that of set theory at the beginning o ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics

Von Neumann gave his name to the von Neumann architecture used in most non-parallel-processing computers, because of his publication of the concept, though many feel that this naming ignores the contribution of J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly who worked on the concept during their work on ENIAC. Virtually every commercially available home computer, microcomputer and supercomputer is a von Neumann machine. He created the field of cellular automata without computers, constructing the first examples of self-replicating automata with ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Computer Science

In 1937 von Neumann, having recently obtained his US citizenship, began to take an interest in problems in applied mathematics. He rapidly became one of the top experts in the field of explosives, and he committed himself to a very large number of military consultancies, primarily for the Navy (it seems likely that he preferred socializing with admirals rather than generals because the former tended to enjoy drin ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Armaments

Von Neumann had experienced a lightning-like academic career similar to the velocity of his own intellect, obtaining at the age of twenty-nine one of the first five professorships at the newly born Institute for Advanced Studies at Princeton (another had gone to Albert Einstein). He seemed compelled, therefore, to seek out other fields of interest in order to satisfy his ambitious personality, and he found this outlet in the collaboration (some might say, collaborationism) with the military, political and industrial complex. Through a frenet ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs

The John von Neumann Theory Prize of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science (INFORMS, previously TIMS-ORSA) is awarded annually to an individual (or sometimes group) who have made fundamental and sustained contributions to theory in operations research and the management sciences. The IEEE John von Neumann Medal is awarded annually by the IEEE "for outstanding achievements in computer-related science and technology." Von Neumann, a crater on Ear ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Honors

The axiomatization of mathematics, on the model of Euclid's Elements, had reached new levels of rigor and breadth at the end of the 19th century, particularly in arithmetic (thanks to Richard Dedekind and Giuseppe Peano) and geometry (thanks to David Hilbert). At the beginning of the twentieth century, however, set theory, the new branch of mathematics invented by Georg Cantor, and thrown into crisis by Bertrand Russell with the discovery of his famous paradox (on the set of all sets which do not belong to themselves), had not yet been forma ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Logic

Up until the 1930s, the field of economics seemed to involve the utilization of a great deal of mathematics and numbers; but almost all of this was either superficial or irrelevant. It was used, for the most part, in order to provide uselessly precise formulations and solutions to problems which were, in fact, intrinsically vague. Economics found itself in a state similar to that of the physics of the 17th century: still waiting for the development of an appropriate language in which to express and resolve its problems. ...

See also:

John von Neumann, John von Neumann - Biography, John von Neumann - Logic, John von Neumann - Quantum Mechanics, John von Neumann - Economics, John von Neumann - Armaments, John von Neumann - Computer Science, John von Neumann - Politics and Social Affairs, John von Neumann - Honors, John von Neumann - Students

Read more here: » John von Neumann: Encyclopedia II - John von Neumann - Economics