Jin Dynasty (265-420) - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Wu Hu: Encyclopedia Ii - Wu Hu - Wu Hu After The Fall Of Northern Xiongnu
When the Eastern Han Dynasty slowly brought the Northern Xiongnu into submission in the 1st century by military and diplomatic measures, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sima: Encyclopedia - Sima
Sima (Simplified: 司马; Traditional: 司馬; Hanyu Pinyin: Sīmǎ; Wade-Giles: Ssu-ma) is a Chinese family name. Sima - Prominent peop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hakka: Encyclopedia - Hakka
Hakka (Traditional: 客家; Simplified: 客家; Hanyu Pinyin: kèjiā; literal meaning guest families) are a Han Chinese people whose anc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Historical Capital Of China: Encyclopedia - Historical Capital Of China
The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China (Traditional Chinese: 中國四大古都; Simplified Chinese: 中国四大古都;...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yantai: Encyclopedia - Yantai
Yantai (Simplified: 烟台; Traditional: 煙台; Hanyu Pinyin: Yāntái) is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Shandong province, Pe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chinese Sovereign: Encyclopedia - Chinese Sovereign
The king or wang (王 wáng) was the Chinese head of state from the Zhou to Qin dynasties. After that, wang (sometimes translated "prince...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wu Hu: Encyclopedia Ii - Wu Hu - Past And Present Definitions
Wu Hu means "five nomadic groups", hence giving it another name, the Five Hu. Wu Hu were composed of five nomadic tribes: Xiōngnú (匈�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chu: Encyclopedia - Chu
Chu could refer to: The Chu river valley in modern Kyrgyzstan. Chu (city), a city in Kazakhstan. See List of cities in Kazakhstan state ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wu Hu: Encyclopedia Ii - Wu Hu - Origins Of The Various Definitions
Traditional historians interpreted "Hu" as "barbarians"; some further stretched this obsolete analogy to equate "Hu" with the "Xiongnu". ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wu Hu: Encyclopedia Ii - Wu Hu - Crisis Of The Jin Dynasty
A era of relative prosperity had existed since Jin Wudi unified China in 280: Wu hu tribes residing inside and in the vicinity of China r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wu Hu: Encyclopedia Ii - Wu Hu - Wu Hu In The Period Of Three Kingdoms
As the Eastern Han Dynasty slowly disintegrated into an era of "warlords", battles for predominance eventually ushered in the Three Kingd...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wu Hu: Encyclopedia Ii - Wu Hu - Outbreak: Rebellion Of The Eight Kings
The accession of Emperor Hui in 290 marked the beginning of the crumbling of the Jin Dynasty. Possilby retarded at birth, he was merely a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 311: Encyclopedia - 311
311 - Events. June 15 - Licinius issues his own Edict of Toleration, ending persecution of Christians in his own part of the Roman Emp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Consort Clan: Encyclopedia - Consort Clan
The consort clan (外戚 Pinyin: wàiqī) is the family, clan or a group related to a spouse or an empress dowager of the Chinese dynasti...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 318: Encyclopedia - 318
318 - Events. Gregory the Illuminator appoints his son Aristax as successor in the Patriarchate of Armenia. The Former Zhao state is p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wu Hu: Encyclopedia Ii - Wu Hu - Xianbei Confederacy Of Tan Shi Huai
The bitter and unstable relationship between the Han court and various nomadic groups lasted from the start of 2nd century to early 160s ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin - During Emperor Mu's Reign
In 344, another nephew of Sima Yu, Emperor Kang (Emperor Cheng's younger brother), died, and was succeeded by his infant son Emperor Mu. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Kang Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Kang Of Jin - Prior To Reign
Sima Yue was born in 322 as the second son of Emperor Ming, by his wife Empress Yu Wenjun. After his father died in 325 and was succeeded...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Min Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Min Of Jin - Reign
In spring 313, the captured Emperor Huai was executed by the Han Zhao emperor Liu Cong. The news, however, took three months to get to Ch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Yuan Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Yuan Of Jin - Early Career
Sima Rui was born in 276 in the then-Jin capital Luoyang, as the son of Sima Jin (司馬覲) the Prince of Langye and his wife Princess X...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Hui Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Hui Of Jin - Reign
During his 17 year reign, Emperor Hui would come under the control of a number of regents, never being able to assert authority on his ow...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Fei Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Fei Of Jin - Reign
Even though Emperor Fei was an adult, he did not have actual power, as not only were governmental matters largely in the hands of his gra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sanguo Zhi: Encyclopedia Ii - Sanguo Zhi - Sanguo Zhi As Historical Record
The romantic and historical traditions of Three Kingdoms have been so confused in the centuries after the period that the Sanguo Zhi is a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Huai Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Huai Of Jin - Reign
Emperor Huai was commonly regarded as an intelligent man, and he tried to institute reforms that he felt would allow the empire to recove...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Empress Jia Nanfeng: Encyclopedia Ii - Empress Jia Nanfeng - Early Life And Marriage To Crown Prince Zhong
Jia Nanfeng was born in 257, to the Jin official Jia Chong and his second wife Guo Huai (郭槐). She was their oldest daughter, although...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Macau: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Macau - Portuguese Settlement
Macau did not develop as a major settlement until the Portuguese arrived in the 16th century. Having established themselves at Goa in 151...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chinese Sovereign: Encyclopedia Ii - Chinese Sovereign - How To Read The Titles Of A Chinese Sovereign
All sovereigns are denoted by a string of Chinese characters. Examples: Hàn Gāo Zǔ Liú Bāng (漢 高祖 劉邦) Táng Tài Zōng L�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hakka: Encyclopedia Ii - Hakka - Prominent Hakkas
The Hakkas have had a disproportionate influence on the course of Chinese and Overseas Chinese history particularly in the field of revol...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sima Ying: Encyclopedia Ii - Sima Ying - After Overthrowing Sima Lun
Some thought that a power balance that Emperor Wu had hoped for at his death might be restored, as Princes Jiong and Ying were each given...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sima Yong: Encyclopedia Ii - Sima Yong - Participation In Various Campaigns During The War Of The Eight Princes
When Emperor Hui's throne was usurped by Sima Lun the Prince of Zhao in 301, Sima Jiong the Prince of Qi (Emperor Hui's cousin) started a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jia Chong: Encyclopedia Ii - Jia Chong - Family Life
Jia's first wife Lady Li was a daughter of Li Feng (李豐), who was suspected by Sima Shi to have conspired with the emperor Cao Fang in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Dun: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Dun - First Campaign Against The Jin Imperial Government
Seeing Wang Dun's ambition, Emperor Yuan began to fear him, and he began to group men around him who were against Wang Dun as well, such ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yantai: Encyclopedia Ii - Yantai - History
The region was inhabited by the non-Han people of the Eastern Yi (東夷), who were believed to have established a small state during the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Ai Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Ai Of Jin - Reign
In 361, Emperor Mu died without a son. Emperor Mu's mother Empress Dowager Chu thus ordered that Sima Pi be made emperor, and he took the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Wu Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Wu Of Jin - Early Reign: Establishment Of The Jin Political System
Emperor Wu immediately sought to change what he saw as what doomed Cao Wei -- the lack of power that the imperial princes held. In 265, i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Cheng Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Cheng Of Jin - Reign
Emperor Cheng of Jin - Yu Liang's regency. Initially, the officials were in charge together, but as Empress Dowager Yu became regent, Y...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of China-related Topics 123-l: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of China-related Topics 123-l - B
Badaling - Badaling Expressway - Bagua zhang - Baguwen - Bai - Bai hua - Bai Juyi - Bai Ling - Bai Shouyi - Baitou Mountain - Baiyun Inte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Han Zhao: Encyclopedia Ii - Han Zhao - The Condition Of The Xiongnu In Northern China And Their Uprising
By the 280s, a huge number (approximately 400,000) of Xiongnu herdsmen resided in the Ordos Desert and the Bing province, a political div...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Mu Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Mu Of Jin - Under Empress Dowager Chu's Regency
Due to Emperor Mu's young age, his mother Empress Dowager Chu became the ruling authority at court and served as regent, although she lar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Empress Yang Zhi: Encyclopedia Ii - Empress Yang Zhi - Marriage To Emperor Wu And Life As Empress
Not much is known about Yang Zhi's life before she married Emperor Wu. Before Empress Yang Yan died in 274, she was fearful that whoever ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Ming Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Ming Of Jin - Reign
One of the first things that Emperor Ming did was locating his birth mother Lady Xun, putting her in a mansion, and creating her the Lady...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Cheng Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Cheng Of Jin - Family Background
Sima Yan was born as the oldest son of Emperor Ming of Jin, who was crown prince at that time, by his wife Crown Princess Yu Wenjun, in 3...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Fei Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Fei Of Jin - Early Life
Sima Yi was born in 342, to Emperor Cheng and his concubine Consort Zhou, who was also the mother of his only brother, Sima Pi, who was o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin - Early Life
Sima Yu was born in 320, as the youngest son of Emperor Yuan, by his favorite concubine Consort Zheng Achun (鄭阿春). As Emperor Yuan'...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Fei Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Fei Of Jin - After Removal
Huan Wen, however, wanted to further reduce the former emperor's rank, and he proposed that the prince be reduced to commoner status. Emp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Kang Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Kang Of Jin - Reign
In early 343, Emperor Kang created his wife Chu Suanzi empress. Later in 343, Emperor Kang's other uncle, Yu Yi (庾翼), proposed a majo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sima Ying: Encyclopedia Ii - Sima Ying - Early Career
Sima Ying was Emperor Wu of Jin's 16th son, by his concubine Consort Cheng. In 289, Emperor Wu created him the Prince of Chengdu. After E...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sima Ying: Encyclopedia Ii - Sima Ying - As Regent And Crown Prince
Sima Ying soon ordered Emperor Hui's second wife, Empress Yang Xianrong, and his crown prince Sima Qin, deposed. Then, at Sima Yong's pre...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Dun: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Dun - Early Career
Wang Dun was the son of the Jin official Wang Ji (王基), and he married Emperor Wu of Jin's daughter Princess Xiangcheng. He served as ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Mu Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Mu Of Jin - As Adult Emperor
In late 357, Emperor Mu married He Fani as his empress. In 358, Sima Yu offered to resign all of his powers, but Emperor Mu declined. Lat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Ming Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Ming Of Jin - As Crown Prince
While crown prince, Sima Shao was known for seeking out talented men and befriendly them, treating them as friends and not as subordinate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin - During Emperor Fei's Reign
In late 365, Emperor Fei offered the title Prince of Langye to Sima Yu and further created his heir apparent Sima Yao the Prince of Kuaij...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin - Reign
An immediate issue that Emperor Jianwen had to deal with upon taking the throne was Huan's suspicions toward his older brother Sima Xi (�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Ming Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Ming Of Jin - Early Life
Sima Shao was born in 299, as the oldest son of his father Sima Rui, then the Prince of Langye, by his lowly-born concubine Lady Xun, who...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Jianwen Of Jin - During Emperor Ai's Reign
In 363, when Emperor Ai's mother Princess Dowager Zhou died, Sima Yu served as regent for the three-month mourning period. In 364, Empero...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Huai Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Huai Of Jin - As Prince Of Yuzhang And Crown Prince
Sima Chi was one of the youngest sons of Emperor Wu, the founding emperor of Jin, by his concubine Consort Wang. Just prior to Emperor Wu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Wu Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Wu Of Jin - Late Reign: Setting The Stage For Disasters
In 281, Emperor Wu took 5,000 women from Sun Hao's palace into his own, and thereafter became even more concentrated on feasting and enjo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Macau: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Macau - Imperial Times
Historical records show that what was later known as Macau was part of Panyu County, Nanhai District, Guangdong Province, under the Qin e...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Macau: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Macau - Handover To The People's Republic Of China
Portugal and the People's Republic of China established diplomatic relations on February 8, 1979, and Beijing acknowledged Macau as "Chin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of China-related Topics 123-l: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of China-related Topics 123-l - C
Cai Lun - Cai Wen - Cai Yuanpei - Caijing - Cairo Conference - Calligraphy - Callistephus - Cangjie method - Canidrome - Cantonese (lingu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Wu Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Wu Of Jin - Middle Reign: Unification Of The Chinese Empire
In 276, Emperor Wu suffered a major illness -- which led to a succession crisis. While Crown Prince Zhong would be the legitimate heir, b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Wu Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Wu Of Jin - Life Before Establishment Of The Jin Dynasty
Sima Yan was born to Sima Zhao and his wife Wang Yuanji, daughter of the Confucian scholar Wang Su (王肅), in 236, as their oldest son....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yantai: Encyclopedia Ii - Yantai - Administration
The prefecture-level city of Yantai administers 12 county-level divisions, including 4 districts, 7 county-level cities and 1 county. Zh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yantai: Encyclopedia Ii - Yantai - Geography
Yantai Region is located north-central on the Shandong Peninsula, south of the Bohai Sea, and parallel to the southern tip of Korea. It h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yantai: Encyclopedia Ii - Yantai - Economy
Yantai is currently the second largest industrial city in Shandong, next only to Qingdao. Two sub-county special economic zones also exis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yantai: Encyclopedia Ii - Yantai - Tourism
Because of its fair weather and extensive coasts Yantai is a popular summer retreat. It is also home to Asia's first bowling alley, which...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of China-related Topics 123-l: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of China-related Topics 123-l - E
Earthly Branches - East Asia - East Asian Tigers - East China Normal University - East China Sea - East Rail, KCRC - East Touch - East Tu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of China-related Topics 123-l: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of China-related Topics 123-l - H
H. H. Kung - Ha Jin - Hai He - Hai jin - Haicheng - Haidian District - Haier - Haikou - Haikouella - Haikouichthys - Hainan - Hakka - Hak...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Yuan Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Yuan Of Jin - Early Reign
In early 318, Han Zhao's emperor Liu Cong executed Emperor Min, and three months later, news arrived in Jiankang. Sima Rui then declared ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Yuan Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Yuan Of Jin - Confrontation With Wang Dun
By 320, Emperor Yuan's relationship with Wang Dun was at a breaking point, as Wang Dun had grown more and more arrogant and controlling o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Han Zhao: Encyclopedia Ii - Han Zhao - Rulers Of The Han Zhao
Yuanxi (元熙 yuán xī) 304-308 Yongfeng (永鳳 yǒng fèng) 308-309 Guangxing (光興 guāng xīng) 310-311 Jiaping (嘉平 jiā pīn...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jia Chong: Encyclopedia Ii - Jia Chong - Early Life And Career During Cao Wei
Jia Chong's father Jia Kui was an important Cao Wei general and considered an epitome of faithfulness to the empire. He did not have a so...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Yuan Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Yuan Of Jin - After The Fall Of Luoyang
In 311, Luoyang fell to Han Zhao forces, and Emperor Huai was captured. A large number of refugees, fleeing Han Zhao forces, crossed the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Min Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Min Of Jin - Prior To Becoming Emperor
Sima Ye was a son of Sima Yan (司馬晏) the Prince of Wu, a son of Jin's founding emperor Emperor Wu. However, he was posthumously adop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of China-related Topics 123-l: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of China-related Topics 123-l - K
K-8 - K. H. Ting - Kadampa - Kagyu - Kai-lan - Kai Tak International Airport - Kaifeng - Kaiping - Kaiyuan - Kang Sheng - Kang Youwei - K...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sanguo Zhi: Encyclopedia Ii - Sanguo Zhi - Origin And Structure Of Sanguo Zhi
Together with the Shi ji (Records of the Grand Historian), Han Shu (Book of Han) and Hou Han Shu (Book of the Later Han), Sanguo Zhi is p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Huai Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Huai Of Jin - After Capture By Han Zhao
For one and a half years, the former Jin emperor lived a humiliating existence in the Han Zhao capital. In 312, Liu Cong promoted him to ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Hui Of Jin: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Hui Of Jin - Life Prior To Ascension
Sima Zhong was born to Sima Yan and his wife Yang Yan in 260, while Sima Yan was still the assistant to his father, the Cao Wei regent Si...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jia Chong: Encyclopedia Ii - Jia Chong - Career During Jin
In 265, after Sima Zhao's death, Sima Zhao's son Sima Yan forced the Cao Wei emperor Cao Huan to abdicate to him, ending Cao Wei and esta...   » Read the article