janapada

The Shakya (Sanskrit shakya, "capable, able", also called Vajji or Lichchavi) were an janapada of Hindu kshatriyas (warrior caste) . The Shakyas formed more or less independent tribes or kingdoms near the foothills of the Himalayas, north of the modern town of Gorakhpur. The Shakya capital was Kapilavastu. The most famous Shakya was Siddartha Gautama, the Buddha, who is also known ...

Read more here: » Shakya: Encyclopedia - Shakya

The princes who ruled over these countries were Kshatriyas, and Panini's sutra 4.1.174 (te tadrajah) teaches us that the same word denoted both a descendent of the Kshatriyas i.e a citizen of janapada, as well as their king or ruler (India as Known to Panini, 1953, p 427, Dr V. S. Aggarwala; Ancient Kamboja, People and the Country, 1981, p29-31, Dr J. L. Kamboj ) Sanskrit: Kshatriya.samana.shabdat janapadat tasya rajanyapatyavat | — (Katyayana's vartika V.1.168.3) ...

See also:

Kambojas of Panini, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Sutras 4.1.168-4.1.177, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Kshatiya monarchies, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s rules for janapadas and the Kshatriya settlers, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatriya tribes and their janapadas, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatiya descendents and their rulers, Kambojas of Panini - Special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Comments on special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Katyayana's expansion of sutra 4.1.175, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s ganas and the Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Ganapatha on Panini’s rule and the Kambojas

Read more here: » Kambojas of Panini: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s rules for janapadas and the Kshatriya settlers

The Ganapatha 178 on Panini's rule II.1.72 - Mayuravyamsakad'i' informs us that the Kambojas and the Yavanas observed a social custom of supporting short-cut head-hair: Sanskrit: Kamboja-mundah Yavana-mundah i.e shaved headed Kambojas, shaved headed Yavanas. This same fact is also conveyed by the Mahabharata: Sanskrit: mundanetanhanishyami danavaniva vasavah. pratigyam parayishyami Kambojan.eva ma vaha. — (MBH ...

See also:

Kambojas of Panini, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Sutras 4.1.168-4.1.177, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Kshatiya monarchies, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s rules for janapadas and the Kshatriya settlers, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatriya tribes and their janapadas, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatiya descendents and their rulers, Kambojas of Panini - Special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Comments on special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Katyayana's expansion of sutra 4.1.175, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s ganas and the Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Ganapatha on Panini’s rule and the Kambojas

Read more here: » Kambojas of Panini: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas of Panini - Ganapatha on Panini’s rule and the Kambojas

Panini has also read Kamboja in the ganas to IV.2.133 (Kachhadi ) and IV.3.93 (Sindhuvadi) and has recommended adding affix like aÑ etc to obtain appropriate derivatives to denote the ancestral homeland of Kamboja Kshatriyas (abhijana) and the name of products native to the Kamboja-land as follows: Kamboja + aÑ => Kaamboja where Kaamboja denotes the ancestral homeland of the Kambojas. The same term Kaamboja may also denote a horse or an e ...

See also:

Kambojas of Panini, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Sutras 4.1.168-4.1.177, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Kshatiya monarchies, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s rules for janapadas and the Kshatriya settlers, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatriya tribes and their janapadas, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatiya descendents and their rulers, Kambojas of Panini - Special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Comments on special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Katyayana's expansion of sutra 4.1.175, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s ganas and the Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Ganapatha on Panini’s rule and the Kambojas

Read more here: » Kambojas of Panini: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s ganas and the Kamboja

For Kamboja (and only the Kamboja) Panini recommends Luk of an affix with janapada of Kamboja (sutra 4.1.175: Kambojal.Luk) which importantly informs us of an EXCEPTION for KAMBOJA, such that the Kshatriya word Kamboja does not need any affix ('aÑ, Ñyan, iÑ etc) to be added to it to obtain a derivative to denote the descendents of Kamboja Kshatriyas as well as the Kshatryia ruler of Kambojas. This means that the word KAMBOJA itself denotes not only (i) the Kamboja country/j ...

See also:

Kambojas of Panini, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Sutras 4.1.168-4.1.177, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Kshatiya monarchies, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s rules for janapadas and the Kshatriya settlers, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatriya tribes and their janapadas, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatiya descendents and their rulers, Kambojas of Panini - Special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Comments on special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Katyayana's expansion of sutra 4.1.175, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s ganas and the Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Ganapatha on Panini’s rule and the Kambojas

Read more here: » Kambojas of Panini: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas of Panini - Special rule for Kamboja

Sutra IV.1.168 (janapada.shabdat.kshatriyad aÑ) is important. Grammatically, it teaches that the affix aÑ (or Ñyan, iÑ etc) comes after a word which is both the name of a country and a Kshatriya tribe settled therein. Here the identity of janapada and the powerful Kshatriya clans settled there is repeated. The ruling Kshatriyas inhabiting these janapadas were, as we are informed by Katyayana (2nd c BC), governed by two-fold constitutions; some were monarchies (Ekarjat) and others were repu ...

See also:

Kambojas of Panini, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Sutras 4.1.168-4.1.177, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Kshatiya monarchies, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s rules for janapadas and the Kshatriya settlers, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatriya tribes and their janapadas, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatiya descendents and their rulers, Kambojas of Panini - Special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Comments on special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Katyayana's expansion of sutra 4.1.175, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s ganas and the Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Ganapatha on Panini’s rule and the Kambojas

Read more here: » Kambojas of Panini: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Sutras 4.1.168-4.1.177

Later, Katyayana (3rd c BC) had expanded the scope of Panini's sutra 4.1.175 (Kambojal.luk) by adding a vartika to the sutra as follows: Sanskrit: Kamboj.adhibhyo-luk-vachanam chadadyartham. — (Katyayana's Vartika V.1.175.1) Katyayana states that like Kamboja, the words like Choda, Kadera, Kerala, Saka, Yavana also denote each not only the country and the Kshatriya ...

See also:

Kambojas of Panini, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Sutras 4.1.168-4.1.177, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s Kshatiya monarchies, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s rules for janapadas and the Kshatriya settlers, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatriya tribes and their janapadas, Kambojas of Panini - Kshatiya descendents and their rulers, Kambojas of Panini - Special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Comments on special rule for Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Katyayana's expansion of sutra 4.1.175, Kambojas of Panini - Panini’s ganas and the Kamboja, Kambojas of Panini - Ganapatha on Panini’s rule and the Kambojas

Read more here: » Kambojas of Panini: Encyclopedia II - Kambojas of Panini - Katyayana's expansion of sutra 4.1.175