Jaishankar Prasad

Chhayavaad refers to the romantic upsurge in the Hindi literature particularly poetry, which began in early 19th century. Jaishankar Prasad, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, Sumitranandan Pant and Mahadevi Varma are considered as the four pillars of Chhayavaadi school of Hindi literature. Jaishankar Prasad's Kamayani is considered as the first magnum opus of this school. ...

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Mahadevi Varma (1907 - 11th September 1987) was one of the most famous modern Hindi poets. She is widely regarded as the 'modern Meera. Her descriptions of pain and sadness are extremely moving. She won the Jnanpith award in 1982. Mahadevi was born in Farukhabad, Uttar Pradesh in a family of lawyers. She was educated at Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. Mahadevi was married at an early age, as was common in India, in her time. But she was not attracted to worldly pleasures and even tried to become a Buddhist bhikshuni, though unsuccess ...

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• Mahadevi Varma - Major works

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Hindi (हिन्दी hindī) is an Indo-European language spoken mainly in North, Central India and Western India. It is part of a dialect continuum of the Indo-Aryan family, bounded on the northwest and west by Panjābī, Sindhī, and Gujarātī; on the south by Marāthī; on the southeast by Orīya; on the east by Bengālī; and on the north by Nepālī. Hindi also refers to a standardized register of Hindustani that was made one of the official languages of India. The grammatical descript ...

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• Hindi - Area
• Hindi - Number of Speakers
• Hindi - History
• Hindi - Standard Hindi
• Hindi - Vocabulary
• Hindi - Dialects
• Hindi - Sounds
• Hindi - Vowels
• Hindi - Consonants
• Hindi - Borrowed sounds
• Hindi - Writing system
• Hindi - Grammar
• Hindi - Word order
• Hindi - Common tenses and aspect
• Hindi - Case
• Hindi - Literature
• Hindi - Common difficulties faced in learning Hindi

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Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: अशोक; IAST transliteration: Aśoka) was the emperor of the Mauryan Empire from 273 BCE to 232 BCE. After a number of military conquests, Ashoka reigned over most of South Asia and beyond, from present-day Afghanistan to Bengal and as far south as Mysore. An early supporter of Buddhism, Ashoka established monuments marking several significant sites in the life of Shakyamuni Buddha, and according to Buddhist tradition was closely involved in t ...

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• Ashoka - Historical sources
• Ashoka - Early life
• Ashoka - Rise to power
• Ashoka - Conversion to Buddhism
• Ashoka - Death and legacy
• Ashoka - Ashoka and Buddhist Kingship
• Ashoka - Ashoka in popular culture
• Ashoka - Sources

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Hindi literature started as religious and philosophical poetry in medieval periods in dialects like Avadhi and Brij. The most famous figures from this period are Kabir and Tulsidas. In modern times, the Khadi dialect became more prominent and a variety of literature was produced in Sanskrit. Chandrakanta, written by Devaki Nandan Khatri, is considered to be the first work of prose in Hindi. Munshi Premchand was the most famous Hindi novelist. The chhayavadi poets include Surya kant tripathi "Nirala", Jaishankar Pr ...

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Indian literature, Indian literature - Sanskrit literature, Indian literature - Prakrit Literature, Indian literature - Tamil literature, Indian literature - Kannada literature, Indian literature - Hindi literature, Indian literature - Urdu literature, Indian literature - Bihari Literature, Indian literature - Bengali literature, Indian literature - Marathi literature, Indian literature - Malayalam literature, Indian literature - Indian writing in English, Indian literature - Indian literature in other languages, Indian literature - Awards

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See also: Dadasaheb Phalke Award winners List of Indians - Directors. Adoor Gopalakrishnan Aditya Chopra Bimal Roy Boney Kapoor David Dhawan Dev Anand Farah Khan Farhan Akhtar Gulzar Gurinder Chadha Guru Dutt Hrishikesh Mukherjee Ismail Merchant K C Bokadia Kaizad Gustad Kamal Amrohi Karan Johar Mani Ratnam Manoj Night Shyamalan (born Indian, ...

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Hindi literature - Adi kaal before 1400 CE. In ancient period of Hindi or Adi Kaal (before 1400 CE), Hindi literature was developed in the states of Kannauj, Delhi and Ajmer. Delhi was ruled by Prithviraj Chauhan and his court poet was Chand Bardai. His eulogy on Prithiviraj Chauhan called the Prithviraj Raso was considered one of the first works in the History of Hindi Literature. Kannauj's last Rathore ruler was Jayachand, who gave more patronage to Sanskrit (which was no longer the common man's language ...

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Hindi literature, Hindi literature - History, Hindi literature - Adi kaal before 1400 CE, Hindi literature - Bhakti Kaal, Hindi literature - Ritikavya Kaal, Hindi literature - Modern Period after 1800, Hindi literature - Chhayavaadi Movement, Hindi literature - Hindi literature today, Hindi literature - Prominent Figures of Hindi literature

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Kamayani depicts the interplay of human emotions, thoughts, and actions by taking mythological metaphors. Kamayani has personalities like Manu, Ida and Shraddha who are found in the Vedas. The great deluge described in the poem has its origin in Satapatha Brahmana. Explaining his metaphorical presentation of Vedic characters, the poet said: "Ida was the sister of the gods, giving consciousness to entire mankind. For this reason there is an Ida Karma in the Yagnas. This erudition of Ida created a rift between Shraddha and Manu. Then wi ...

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Kamayani, Kamayani - Synopsis, Kamayani - Misc

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Hindi in the broad sense is a dialect continuum without clear boundaries. For example, both Nepali and Panjabi are sometimes considered to be Hindi (based on the high level of mutual intelligibility for Panjabi and Hindi especially), though they are more often considered to be separate languages. Hindi is often divided into Western Hindi and Eastern Hindi, and these are further divided. Following is a list of principal Hindi dialects; boldface indicates an idiom that often classified as a separate language. Hindustani, in ...

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Hindi, Hindi - Area, Hindi - Number of Speakers, Hindi - History, Hindi - Standard Hindi, Hindi - Vocabulary, Hindi - Dialects, Hindi - Sounds, Hindi - Vowels, Hindi - Consonants, Hindi - Borrowed sounds, Hindi - Writing system, Hindi - Grammar, Hindi - Word order, Hindi - Common tenses and aspect, Hindi - Case, Hindi - Literature, Hindi - Common difficulties faced in learning Hindi

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Developing into an impeccable warrior general and a shrewd statesman, Ashoka went on to command several regiments of the Mauryan army. His growing popularity across the empire made his elder brothers wary of his chances of being favoured by Bindusara to become the next emperor. The eldest of them, Prince Susima, the traditional heir to the throne, persuaded Bindusara to send Ashoka to quell an uprising in the city of Taxila in the north-west province of Sindh, of which Prince Susima was the governor. Taxila was a highly volatile place becaus ...

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Ashoka, Ashoka - Historical sources, Ashoka - Early life, Ashoka - Rise to power, Ashoka - Conversion to Buddhism, Ashoka - Death and legacy, Ashoka - Ashoka and Buddhist Kingship, Ashoka - Ashoka in popular culture, Ashoka - Sources

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Emperor Ashoka ruled for an estimated forty years, and after his death, the Maurya dynasty lasted just fifty more years. Ashoka had many wives and children, but their names are lost to time. Mahinda and Sanghamitta were twins born by his first wife, Devi, in the city of Ujjain. He had entrusted to them the job of making his state religion, Buddhism, more popular across the known and the unknown world. Mahinda and Sanghamitta went into Sri Lanka and converted the King, the Queen and their people to Buddhism. So they were naturally not the one ...

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Ashoka, Ashoka - Historical sources, Ashoka - Early life, Ashoka - Rise to power, Ashoka - Conversion to Buddhism, Ashoka - Death and legacy, Ashoka - Ashoka and Buddhist Kingship, Ashoka - Ashoka in popular culture, Ashoka - Sources

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Information about the life and reign of Ashoka primarily comes from a relatively small number of Buddhist sources. In particular, the Sanskrit Ashoka Avadana ('Story of Ashoka') and the two Pāli chronicles of Sri Lanka (the Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa) provide most of the currently known information about Asoka. Additional information is contributed by the Edicts of Asoka, whose authorship was finally attributed to the Ashoka of Buddhist legend after the discovery of dynastic lists that gave the name used in the edicts (Piyadasi- meaning 'good looking', or 'favored by the Gods') as ...

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Ashoka, Ashoka - Historical sources, Ashoka - Early life, Ashoka - Rise to power, Ashoka - Conversion to Buddhism, Ashoka - Death and legacy, Ashoka - Ashoka and Buddhist Kingship, Ashoka - Ashoka in popular culture, Ashoka - Sources

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As the legend goes, one day after the war was over, Ashoka ventured out to roam the city and all he could see were burnt houses and scattered corpses. This sight made him sick and he cried the famous quotation, "What have I done?" The brutality of the conquest led him to adopt Buddhism and he used his position to propagate the relatively new philosophy to new heights, as far as ancient Rome and Egypt. From that point Ashoka, who had been described as "the cruel Ashoka" (Chandashoka), started to be described as "the pious Ashoka" (D ...

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Ashoka, Ashoka - Historical sources, Ashoka - Early life, Ashoka - Rise to power, Ashoka - Conversion to Buddhism, Ashoka - Death and legacy, Ashoka - Ashoka and Buddhist Kingship, Ashoka - Ashoka in popular culture, Ashoka - Sources

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List of Indians - P-R. P Chidambaram P.K. Vasudevan Nair P. V. Narasimha Rao Pranab Mukherjee Pratapsinh Rane, Chief Minister of Goa R R Patil, Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra Rabri Devi (born 1959) Rahul Gandhi, MP from Amethi Raj Thackeray, (born 1968) Rajendra Prasad Rajiv Pratap Rudy Ram Vilas Paswan (born 1946) Ravi Shankar Prasad List of Indians - S-Y. See also:

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See also: List of Hindi and Urdu authors Sarahapa or Saraha (769-), author of Doha-Kosha Devasena, author of Devasena Shravakachara (933) Shalibhadra, author of Bharateshwar Bahubali Ras (1184) Jagnika, author of Parmal Raso (Chandella period) Chand Bardai (1148-1191), author of Prathviraj Raso Shalibhadra Suri, author of Bhareshshvar-Bahubali Ras in 1184. Ami ...

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Hindi literature, Hindi literature - History, Hindi literature - Adi kaal before 1400 CE, Hindi literature - Bhakti Kaal, Hindi literature - Ritikavya Kaal, Hindi literature - Modern Period after 1800, Hindi literature - Chhayavaadi Movement, Hindi literature - Hindi literature today, Hindi literature - Prominent Figures of Hindi literature

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Hindi is the predominant language in the states and territories of Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Chandigarh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Uttaranchal, Jharkhand, and Chattisgarh. It is spoken and understood in Gujarat, Punjab and Kashmir, states that otherwise have their own native languages. It is also widely spoken in the cities of Mumbai, Delhi, Chandigarh, Ahmedabad and Kolkata, all of which are cosmopolitan cities harbouring large communities of people from various parts of India. Local variations of Hindi are counted as minority languages in several countries, including Fiji, Mauritius, Guyana, Suri ...

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Hindi, Hindi - Area, Hindi - Number of Speakers, Hindi - History, Hindi - Standard Hindi, Hindi - Vocabulary, Hindi - Dialects, Hindi - Sounds, Hindi - Vowels, Hindi - Consonants, Hindi - Borrowed sounds, Hindi - Writing system, Hindi - Grammar, Hindi - Word order, Hindi - Common tenses and aspect, Hindi - Case, Hindi - Literature, Hindi - Common difficulties faced in learning Hindi

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There are 11 vowels and 35 consonants in Standard Hindī. They are shown below: Hindi - Vowels. The vowel /æ/ occurs in English loans and is represented by ऐ, which was originally used in Sanskrit for the 'ai' or 'əi' diphthong. But today in Khariboli, the Standard dialect, the vowel stands for /æ/ in almost all Hindi words. The other ten vowels have phonemic nasal counterparts. The vowel sequen ...

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Hindi, Hindi - Area, Hindi - Number of Speakers, Hindi - History, Hindi - Standard Hindi, Hindi - Vocabulary, Hindi - Dialects, Hindi - Sounds, Hindi - Vowels, Hindi - Consonants, Hindi - Borrowed sounds, Hindi - Writing system, Hindi - Grammar, Hindi - Word order, Hindi - Common tenses and aspect, Hindi - Case, Hindi - Literature, Hindi - Common difficulties faced in learning Hindi

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Hindi evolved from Sanskrit, by way of the Middle Indo-Aryan prakrit languages and Apabhramsha of the Middle Ages. As a standardised register of India, Hindi became the official language[4] of India on January 26, 1950, although English and 21 other languages are recognised as official languages by the Constitution of India. Hindi - Standard Hindi. After independence of India, the Government of India worked on standardizing Hindi, and the following changes took place: standar ...

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Hindi, Hindi - Area, Hindi - Number of Speakers, Hindi - History, Hindi - Standard Hindi, Hindi - Vocabulary, Hindi - Dialects, Hindi - Sounds, Hindi - Vowels, Hindi - Consonants, Hindi - Borrowed sounds, Hindi - Writing system, Hindi - Grammar, Hindi - Word order, Hindi - Common tenses and aspect, Hindi - Case, Hindi - Literature, Hindi - Common difficulties faced in learning Hindi

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Hindi grammar can be very complex and is different in many ways from what English speakers are used to. A simple and obvious difference is that for expressing relationship of nouns, Hindi uses postpositions where English would use a preposition. Other differences include gender, honorifics, interrogatives, word order, use of cases, and different tenses. While being complicated, Hindi grammar is fairly regular, with irregularities being relatively limited. Despite differences in vocabulary and writing, Hindi grammar is nearly identical with U ...

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Hindi, Hindi - Area, Hindi - Number of Speakers, Hindi - History, Hindi - Standard Hindi, Hindi - Vocabulary, Hindi - Dialects, Hindi - Sounds, Hindi - Vowels, Hindi - Consonants, Hindi - Borrowed sounds, Hindi - Writing system, Hindi - Grammar, Hindi - Word order, Hindi - Common tenses and aspect, Hindi - Case, Hindi - Literature, Hindi - Common difficulties faced in learning Hindi

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Main article: Hindi literature The beginnings of Hindi literature can be traced to the Prakrits of classical Sanskrit plays. Tulasidas's Ramacharitamanas attained wide popularity. Modern litterateurs include Jaishankar Prasad, Sumitranandan Pant, Maithili Sharan Gupta, Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala', Mahadevi Varma, Sachchidananda Hirananda Vatsyayana 'Ajneya' and Munshi Premchand. ...

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Hindi, Hindi - Area, Hindi - Number of Speakers, Hindi - History, Hindi - Standard Hindi, Hindi - Vocabulary, Hindi - Dialects, Hindi - Sounds, Hindi - Vowels, Hindi - Consonants, Hindi - Borrowed sounds, Hindi - Writing system, Hindi - Grammar, Hindi - Word order, Hindi - Common tenses and aspect, Hindi - Case, Hindi - Literature, Hindi - Common difficulties faced in learning Hindi

Read more here: » Hindi: Encyclopedia II - Hindi - Literature