Barmer is a city in Barmer District in western Rajasthan in India. The name Barmer is derived from the ruler Bahada Rao or Bar Rao who is said to have founded the town in the 13th century, when it was named Bahadamer (“The Hill Fort of Bahada”). To the immediate west of the city lie the remains of Juna or Juna Barmer and to the south are the ruins of three Jain temples. There is an inscription dated 1295 AD on one of the pillars of the hall of the largest temple at Juna. This mentions a Maharajakula Sri Samanta Sinha Deva ruling Barmer at the time. Barmer is famous for its c ...

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Vital. For the Jain teacher Mahāvīra's philosophy, see vitalism (philosophy). See vitalism for the doctrine that life cannot be explained solely by mechanism Vitals is a 2002 science fiction/techno-thriller novel written by Greg Bear. See vital signs (medicine). Vital Signs is also a rock band from Pakistan. For the 16th century Rabbi and Mystic, see Chaim Vital Vitalize is a web browser plugin Vital currents are the concep

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An arhat (Sanskrit, also arahat or arahant (Pali); Chinese: 阿羅漢, āluóhàn, luóhàn, lohan; Tibetan: dgra-bcom-pa; Jp. arakan; Hindi Arihant अरिहन्त ) is a highly realized Buddhist or Jain ascetic, one who has completely destroyed greed, hatred and delusion. The word comes from Sanskrit arhati, Pali arahati, "he/she is worthy", but there is also an etymology that derives from foe destroyer - hence the ...

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Samkhya Nyaya Vaisheshika Yoga Purva Mimamsa Advaita Vedanta Vishishtadvaita Dvaita Carvaka Jain Buddhist Logic Carvaka, also frequently transliterated as Charvaka, and also known as Lokayata, is a thoroughly materialistic and atheistic school of thought with ancient roots in India. Carvaka - Destruction of ...

Including:

• Carvaka - Destruction of Original Works
• Carvaka - Madhavacharya and Carvaka System
• Carvaka - Some Quotes attributed to Carvaka from Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha
• Carvaka - Brihaspati and Lokayata
• Carvaka - Hinduism Buddhism & Jainism vs. Lokayata
• Carvaka - Abul Fazl on Lokayata
• Carvaka - Lokayata on the role of Women
• Carvaka - Notes
• Carvaka - Bibliography

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Bhadrabahu was a [Jain] saint. He was spiritual teacher of Chandragupta Maurya. He is considered author of Upsargar Stotra and Kalpasutra. His brother Varahmihira, was a known vedic scholar of his times. Bhadrabhau is considered to be last expert of 14 Poorvas, of 12th Anga called as Dristivaad, one of the scriptures of Jainism. Of these, 10 Poorva were passed on to Sthulibhadra, his chief disciple. Bhadrabahu went to Nepal for twelve years for ...

Including:

• Bhadrabahu - Legends Associated with Bhadrabahu

Read more here: » Bhadrabahu: Encyclopedia - Bhadrabahu

Sangha is a word in Indian languages that can be translated roughly as "association" or "assembly". It is commonly used in several senses to refer to Buddhist or Jain groups. Traditionally, in Buddhism almost always has one of two meanings: most commonly, sangha means the order of ordained Buddhist monks or nuns (that is, there is one sangha of monks and one of nuns). In a stricter sense, sangha can mean the assembly of all beings possessing some degree of enlightenment, such as arhats and bodhisattvas; this is referred ...

Including:

• Sangha - Ordination process
• Sangha - Women's role in the Sangha

Read more here: » Sangha: Encyclopedia - Sangha

Anekantavada is a basic principle of Jainism dealing with the fact that reality may be perceived differently from different points of views. 'Ekanta' is one-sidedness. Anekantavada is literally the doctrine of non-onesidedness. Jain philosophy accepts the relativistic view of looking at things from all points of view. Anekantvada requires us to consider others views or beliefs. One should not reject a view simply because it uses a different perspective. We should to consider ...

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Vaishali is a district in Bihar state, India. The history of Vaishali district is very ancient, and finds mention in the Indian classic Mahabharata, as well as in Buddhist and Jain tradition. Vaishali District - Ancient Vaishali. Vaishali derives its name from King Vishal of the Mahabharata age. Even before the advent of Buddhism and Jainism, Vaishali was a vibrant republican state; in fact, it was the first oligarchic republic of the world, similar to those of ancient Greece. In that period, Vaishali was a ...

Including:

• Vaishali District - Ancient Vaishali
• Vaishali District - Current-day Vaishali

Read more here: » Vaishali District: Encyclopedia - Vaishali District

Samkhya Nyaya Vaisheshika Yoga Purva Mimamsa Advaita Vedanta Vishishtadvaita Dvaita Carvaka Jain Buddhist Logic Vishisthadvaita is a qualified monism in which God alone exists but admits plurality. By holding such beliefs, Vishisthadvaita is midway between Advaita and Dvaita. The book, "All about Hinduism" by Swami Sivananda discusses ...

Including:

• Vishishtadvaita - The Philosophy
• Vishishtadvaita - Natha Muni
• Vishishtadvaita - Yamunacharya
• Vishishtadvaita - Ramanuja
• Vishishtadvaita - Vedanta Desika
• Vishishtadvaita - Pillai Lokacharya
• Vishishtadvaita - What is it to be a Vaishnava

Read more here: » Vishishtadvaita: Encyclopedia - Vishishtadvaita

In Jainism, a Tirthankar ("Fordmaker") (also Tirthankara or Jina) is a human who by adopting asceticism achieves enlightenment (perfect knowledge), thus becoming a Jina (one who has conquered his inner enemies - anger, pride, deceit, desire etc.). A Tirthankar is so-named because he is the founder of a "Tirth" which is a community of Jains which acts as a "ford" across the "river of human misery". After achieving enlightenment himself, a Tirthankar shows the path to enlightenment to others. His relig ...

Including:

• Tirthankar - List of Tirthankars
• Tirthankar - External link

Read more here: » Tirthankar: Encyclopedia - Tirthankar

Samkhya Nyaya Vaisheshika Yoga Purva Mimamsa Advaita Vedanta Vishishtadvaita Dvaita Carvaka Jain Buddhist Logic Hindu philosophy (one of the main divisions of Indian philosophy) is traditionally seen through the prism of six different systems (called darshanas in Sanskrit) that are listed here and make up the main belief systems of Hinduism. Th ...

Including:

• Hindu philosophy - Hindu Philosophy: The Six Main Schools of Thought
• Hindu philosophy - Samkhya
• Hindu philosophy - Nyaya
• Hindu philosophy - Vaisheshika
• Hindu philosophy - Yoga
• Hindu philosophy - Purva Mimamsa
• Hindu philosophy - Uttara Mimamsa: The Three Schools of Vedanta

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The Bodhi tree was a large and very old specimen of the Sacred Fig, located at the Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya (about 100 km from Patna in the Indian state of Bihar) under which Siddhartha Gautama, the spiritual teacher and founder of Buddhism later know as Gautama Buddha, arrived at Bodhi. The Bodhi Tree belongs to the Sacred Figs (Ficus religiosa), also known as Bo, Pipul (Peepal) or Ashwattha trees, which are sacred to Hindus, Jains and Buddhists. According to Buddhist belief, Siddharta Gautama meditat ...

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According to Hinduism, Vena was a great king. However, he decided to become a Jain and thus became evil and corrupt. The world became so gloomy and dark that the earth-goddess Bhumidevi decided that she would not provide crops tomankind anymore. She took form as a cow and went into hiding. Meanwhile, a group of Rishis kill Vena out of anger. They then rub the thigh of his corpse, and take out all the evil from his body. Afterwards they rubbed Vena's arm to create a purely good being. This being was Vishnu incarnate, and as soon as he was bor ...

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A Samanas or Shramana in Sanskrit, means a wandering monk. The term is applicable to Jain and Buddhist monks. It was also applicable to other monastic traditions in India like the Ajivikas, that are now extinct. In ancient India, Samanas were monks who practised renunciation and austerities. They would condition themselves by subjecting themselves to extreme conditions and trying to remain calm throughout. It is claimed that they could fast for weeks at a stretch and that adverse conditions like heat, cold and ...

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Jains, Jainas (from jina victorious)

Followers of the jinas; one of the major Indian religions. Scholars place their origin in the 5th century BC, believing them to be the last direct representatives of the philosophical schools which then flourished.

Jainism, however, became overshadowed with the rise of Buddhism, which it closely resembles; but came to the front when the Buddhist fervor waned in India. The first recorded Jain teacher is Vaddhamana (known as Mahavira, "the great hero"), a contemporary of Gautama Buddha; the Jains themselves state that there was a succession of teachers antedating him, and enumerate 24 Jinas or Tirthankaras.

Jains deny the authority of the Vedas and do not believe in any personal supreme god. They have a complex religious philosophy which includes belief in the eternity of matter, the periodicity of the universe, and the immortality of human's and animal's minds. They are particularly known for avoiding harming any living thing.

(See also: Jains, Jainas, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Rajgir is an ancient town, and has reference in Mahabharata, Buddhist and Jain texts. Vestiges of its time-honored and magnificent past still remain, eclipsing even the modern state of Bihar, India, in which it is located. Once a great city, Rajgir is but a village today. Rajgir is about 10 km south of Nalanda and 46 km from Bodhgaya. This place has been associated with Lord Buddha and Mahavira and not only as a place for worship; Rajgir has developed as health and winter resort with its warm water ponds. These baths are said t ...

Including:

• Rajgir - History
• Rajgir - The hot spring
• Rajgir - Places to visit
• Rajgir - Lakshmi Narayan Mandir
• Rajgir - Other places
• Rajgir - Weather
• Rajgir - How to reach

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC 296 BC 295 BC 294 BC 293 BC 292 BC Events In the Roman Republic, Fabius Maximus Rullianus becomes consul for the fourth time, then defeats the Samnites at Tifernum. Chandragupta Maurya goes to Sravana Belagola near Mysore to live the way of Jains. Bindusara his son ascends the Pataliputra throne. Births Deaths

Read more here: » 297 BC: Encyclopedia - 297 BC

Arya (árya-) is a Sanskrit term used by Hindus, Buddhists, Jains and others. It means "master, noble, lord" or can refer to any Vaishya. In Avestan, the cognate word is an n-stem, airyan-. The honorific term -ji (which is used for example in Gandhiji), is derived from Arya (through the Pali aya or aja and Apabhramsa aje). The important Sanskrit lexicon Amarakosha (ca. 450 AD) defines Aryan as: "An Arya is one who hails from a noble family, of gentle behavior and demeanor, good-natured and of ...

Including:

• Arya - Religious and spiritual uses
• Arya - Buddhism
• Arya - Arya in the Epics
• Arya - Ramayana
• Arya - Mahabharata

Read more here: » Arya: Encyclopedia - Arya

Ezhangappu - On the seventh day of its birth, a new born baby is adorned with bracelets. Ear piercing and adorning child with ear rings - This ceremony is mostly performed in either Arpakkam Jain temple or Thirunarungondai. ...

See also:

Tamil Jain, Tamil Jain - Presence, Tamil Jain - Sects, Tamil Jain - Lifestyle, Tamil Jain - Identity, Tamil Jain - Religious head, Tamil Jain - Fastings and other religious practices, Tamil Jain - Lifetime ceremonies, Tamil Jain - Other Ceremonies, Tamil Jain - Festivals

Read more here: » Tamil Jain: Encyclopedia II - Tamil Jain - Lifetime ceremonies

Jains have few core symbols. One Jain symbol incorporates a wheel on the palm of the hand. The holiest one is a simple unadorned swastika or svastika. Major Jains symbols include: 24 Lanchhanas for Tirthankaras The Ashta-mangalas Om Triratna and Shrivatsa symbols. The dreams of Tirthankara's mother Dharma-chakra and Siddha-chakra ...

See also:

Jainism, Jainism - Overview of Jain Dharma, Jainism - Universal History and Jain Cosmology, Jainism - Beliefs and practices, Jainism - Jain Symbols, Jainism - Jain Literature, Jainism - Jain Worship and Rituals, Jainism - Digambar and Shvetambar Traditions, Jainism - Geographical spread and influence, Jainism - Jain Contributions to Indian Culture, Jainism - Jainism and Indian Archaeology, Jainism - Holy sites, Jainism - Jain Temples in the West, Jainism - Holy days, Jainism - Jainism and other religions

Read more here: » Jainism: Encyclopedia II - Jainism - Jain Symbols

Bhattaraka Swasti Shri Laxmisena Swamiji of Jina Kanchi Jain Mutt at Mel Sithamoor (near Tindivanam, South Arcot District) is the religious head of the community. He performs the Upadesam ceremony (similar to Baptisam) for Jain children. In the past, this mutt had been the centre for religious study, guiding and helping the economic activities of its members, organising religious discourses, mainternance of temples and such activities. The mutt was able to achieve such multifarious operations with the help and contributions of its members. At present the mutt is al ...

See also:

Tamil Jain, Tamil Jain - Presence, Tamil Jain - Sects, Tamil Jain - Lifestyle, Tamil Jain - Identity, Tamil Jain - Religious head, Tamil Jain - Fastings and other religious practices, Tamil Jain - Lifetime ceremonies, Tamil Jain - Other Ceremonies, Tamil Jain - Festivals

Read more here: » Tamil Jain: Encyclopedia II - Tamil Jain - Religious head

Upadesam - Formal induction into religious practices and adherences is called Upadesam. This is done to both men and women - at around the age of 15 years. After Upadesam, one is supposed to follow religious practices with vigour and seriousness. Marriage - Outwardly Jain marriages resemble Hindu marriages. However, mantras chanted are of Jaina orientation. Pilgrimage - Most Jain people go on pilgrimage to major Jain temples in Northern States in India - Sammedsigarji Pavapuri, Champapuri, Urjayantha giri in Northern states in India and Jain worship places in Southern State of Karnata ...

See also:

Tamil Jain, Tamil Jain - Presence, Tamil Jain - Sects, Tamil Jain - Lifestyle, Tamil Jain - Identity, Tamil Jain - Religious head, Tamil Jain - Fastings and other religious practices, Tamil Jain - Lifetime ceremonies, Tamil Jain - Other Ceremonies, Tamil Jain - Festivals

Read more here: » Tamil Jain: Encyclopedia II - Tamil Jain - Other Ceremonies