IUPAC

IUPAC: Encyclopedia II - IUPAC nomenclature - Types of nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature - Compositional nomenclature. IUPAC nomenclature - Substitutive nomenclature. IUPAC nomenclature - Additive nomenclature. ...

Including:

Xylene - Structure

Xylene - Health effects

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IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Group 11 element

A Group 11 element is the series of elements in group 11 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, consisting of transition metals which are the traditional coinage metals of copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and gold (Au). They are also known as the "noble metals." The name "coinage metals" is not recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), and can be somewhat misleading as further elements are added to the table. In addition, various nations have used probably dozens of metals (including stainless steel, lead, and zinc) in coins. The short-lived transactinid ...

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Unique identifier

In order to get the full potential of knowledge, some organizations have started the process of sorting and structuring it up in a unique way, as to be able to identify, categorize and use it either for scientific, commercial or social purposes: Unique identifier - See Also. Systematic name Harmonized System WWPN Globally Unique Identifier Organizationally Unique Identifier Universally Unique Identifier Identifier Name Iupac nome ...

Including:

Unique identifier - See Also

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Butyric acid

Butyric acid, IUPAC name n-Butanoic acid, or normal butyric acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. It is notably found in rancid butter, parmesan cheese, or vomit and has an unpleasant odor and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). Butyric acid can be detected by mammals with good scent detection abilities (e.g. dogs) at 10 ppb, while h ...

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Colistin

Image:Colistin.png polymyxin E IUPAC name ? CAS number ? ATC code A07AA10 / J01XB01 urine Indicated for: bacterial infections Contraindications: hypersensitivity to polymyxins Side effects: Severe: neurotoxic and nephrotoxic tubular necrosis deafness Atypical sensations: sensory disturbances of face and extremit ...

Including:

Colistin - Administration

Colistin - Mode of action

Colistin - Pharmacokinetics

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IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Acetyl

Acetyl (IUPAC name ethanoyl) is the acyl of acetic acid, with chemical formula -COCH3, sometimes abbreviated to Ac (not to be confused with the element actinium). A molecule containing an acetyl group has the chemical structure . (where R denotes the remainder of the molecule.) The acetyl radical contains a methyl group single-bonded to a carbonyl. The carbon of the carbonyl has an lone electron available, with which it forms a ch ...

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IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Antiaromatic

Antiaromatic (or pseudoaromatic) molecules are cyclic systems containing alternating single and double bonds, where the pi electron energy of antiaromatic compounds is higher than that of its open-chain counterpart. Therefore antiaromatic compounds are unstable and highly reactive; often antiaromatic compounds distort themselves out of planarity to resolve this instability. Antiaromatic compounds usually fail the Hückel's rule of aromaticity. The IUPAC definition of antiaromatic compound: Compounds that contain 4n (n≠0) π-electrons in a cyclic planar, or nearly planar, ...

Including:

Antiaromatic - Examples

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Carbon-12

Carbon-12 is the more abundant (98.89%) of the two stable isotopes of the element carbon. It contains 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons. Carbon-12 is of particular importance as it is used as the standard from which all other isotopes' atomic weight is measured and thus the measurement of Avogadro's number. Carbon-12 - History. Prior to 1959 both the IUPAP and IUPAC tended to use used oxygen to define the mole, the chemists defining the mole as the number of atoms of oxygen which had mass ...

Including:

Carbon-12 - History

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Haloalkane

The haloalkanes (also known as Halogenoalkanes) are a group of chemical compounds, consisting of alkanes, such as methane or ethane, with one or more halogens linked, such as chlorine or fluorine, making them a type of organic halide. They are known under many chemical and trivial names. As fire extinguishers, propellants, and solvents, they have or had wide use. Some haloalkanes have negative effects on the environment, such as ozone depletion. Haloalkane - General. A haloalkane, also known as al ...

Including:

Haloalkane - General

Haloalkane - Chlorofluoro compounds CFC HCFC HFC

Haloalkane - Bromofluoro compounds halons

Haloalkane - Polymer haloalkanes

Haloalkane - History

Haloalkane - Original development

Haloalkane - Development on alternatives

Haloalkane - Phase out

Haloalkane - Nomenclature

Haloalkane - IUPAC nomenclature

Haloalkane - Alternative nomenclature for refrigerants

Haloalkane - Overview of named compounds

Haloalkane - Synthesis

Haloalkane - From alkanes

Haloalkane - From alkenes

Haloalkane - From alkanol alcohol

Haloalkane - Reactions of haloalkanes

Haloalkane - Substitution reactions

Haloalkane - Elimination reactions

Haloalkane - Applications

Haloalkane - Propellant

Haloalkane - Fire extinguishing

Haloalkane - Environmental issues

Haloalkane - Safety

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Alkali metal

The alkali metals are the series of elements in Group 1 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table, excluding hydrogen: that is, lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). They are all highly reactive and are never found in elemental form in nature. The alkali metals are silver-colored, soft, low-density metals, which react readily with halogens to form ionic salts, and with water to form strongly alkaline (basic) hydroxides. These elements all ha ...

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Alkaline earth metal

The alkaline earth metals are the series of elements in Group 2 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and radium (Ra) (not always considered due to its radioactivity and very short half-life). The alkaline earth metals are named after their oxides, the alkaline earths, whose old-fashioned names were beryllia, magnesia, lime, strontia and baryta. These were named alkaline earths because of their interm ...

IUPAC: Encyclopedia - Amine

Amines are organic compounds containing nitrogen as the key atom in the amine functional group. Amines have structures resembling ammonia, where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl groups or other groups where the nitrogen is bonded to a carbon atom in the group (groups symbolized by R below). However, if any of the carbons bonded to the nitrogen that is part of a carbonyl group, then the compound is considered an amide rather than an amine. See the Category:Amines for a list of types of amine and some real examp ...