In World War II, United Kingdom, Britain had a serious problem with bombs going off in the weapons factories. In an attempt to solve the problem, the Ministry of Defense placed inspectors in the factories. To supply to the Government, a company had to write up the procedure for making their product, have the procedure inspected by the Ministry and ensure their workers followed these procedures. This, and similar problems in the nuclear/power industries over the following decades, were signs of rapid technological advance in man ...

See also:

ISO 9000, ISO 9000 - History, ISO 9000 - Revisions, ISO 9000 - Certification, ISO 9000 - Auditing, ISO 9000 - ISO 9000 document suite, ISO 9000 - Industry-specific interpretations, ISO 9000 - Criticisms of ISO 9000, ISO 9000 - Related standards

Read more here: » ISO 9000: Encyclopedia II - ISO 9000 - History

Quality refers to the inherent or distinctive characteristics or properties of a person, object, process or other thing. Such characteristics may enhance a subject's distinctiveness, or may denote some degree of achievement or excellence. When used in relation to people, the term may also signify a personal character or trait. The term is sometimes contrasted with the concept of quantity. In science, the work of Aristotle focused on measuring quality, whereas the work of Galileo resu ...

Including:

• Quality - In manufacturing
• Quality - Historical development of the concept
• Quality - In music
• Quality - In phonetics
• Quality - Finding related topics

Read more here: » Quality: Encyclopedia - Quality

BS 7799 Part 1 was a standard originally published as BS 7799 by the British Standards Institute (BSI) in 1995. It was written by the United Kingdom Government's Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), and after several revisions, was eventually adopted by ISO as ISO 17799, "Information Technology - Code of practice for information security management." in 2000. ISO 17799 was most recently revised in June 2005. A second part to BS7799 was first published by BSI in 1999, known as BS 7799 Part 2, titled "Information Securi ...

Including:

• BS 7799 - Reference

Read more here: » BS 7799: Encyclopedia - BS 7799

The concept of quality evolved from inspection, measurement, and testing, which had been in practice for many, many years. Long ago, an artist or a sculptor took pride in his work and as a result always tried to excel in what was created. Mass production systems brought the concept of inspection by someone other than the craftsman in the first half of the 20th century. Application of statistical control came later as a result of World War production methods. Quality Management Systems are the outgrowth of ...

See also:

Quality Management System, Quality Management System -
Concept of Quality - A Historical Background, Quality Management System - Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Quality Management System - Quality Management Organizations and Awards, Quality Management System - Reference

Read more here: » Quality Management System: Encyclopedia II - Quality Management System -
Concept of Quality - A Historical Background

Many fields are closely related to software engineering; here are some key similarities and distinctions. Comparing SE with other fields helps explain what SE is and helps define what SE might or should become. There is considerable debate over which fields SE most resembles (or should most resemble). These complex and inexact comparisons explain why some see software engineering as its own field. < ...

See also:

Software engineering, Software engineering - Terminology, Software engineering - Origins, Software engineering - Meanings, Software engineering - Debate over who is a software engineer, Software engineering - Levels, Software engineering - Software engineering today, Software engineering - Room for improvement, Software engineering - Technologies and practices, Software engineering - Education, Software engineering - Graduate, Software engineering - Undergraduate, Software engineering - Secondary, Software engineering - Employment, Software engineering - Roles in industry, Software engineering - Employers, Software engineering - Certification, Software engineering - Process and methodology, Software engineering - Comparing related fields, Software engineering - What is the nature of SE?, Software engineering - Branch of which field?, Software engineering - History, Software engineering - +=60 year time line=+, Software engineering - Future directions for software engineering, Software engineering - Conferences organizations and publications, Software engineering - Conferences, Software engineering - Organizations, Software engineering - Publications, Software engineering - External links, Software engineering - Quotes

Read more here: » Software engineering: Encyclopedia II - Software engineering - Comparing related fields

Although the official definitions differentiate between several types of documents, all of these documents go by the general rubric of "military standard", including defense specifications, handbooks, and standards. Strictly speaking, these documents serve different purposes. According to the Government Accountability Office (GAO), military specifications "describe the physical and/or operational characteristics of a product", while military standards "detail the processes and materials to be used to make the product." Military handbooks, on ...

See also:

Defense Standard, Defense Standard - Definitions of military standards specifications and handbooks, Defense Standard - Formats, Defense Standard - Origins of military standards

Read more here: » Defense Standard: Encyclopedia II - Defense Standard - Definitions of military standards specifications and handbooks

Modern analysis emphasizes that human beings are not predictable commodity "resources" with definitions totally controlled by contract, but are creative and social beings that make contributions beyond "labor" to a society and to civilization. The broad term human capital has evolved to contain the complexity of this term, and in macro-economics the term "firm-specific human capital" has evolved to represent the original meaning of term "human resources". Advocating the central role of "human resources" or human capital in ente ...

See also:

Human resources, Human resources - Human resources in political economy and social sciences, Human resources - Human resources within firms

Read more here: » Human resources: Encyclopedia II - Human resources - Human resources in political economy and social sciences

W. Edwards Deming is best known for his management philosophy establishing quality, productivity, and competitive position. He has formulated 14 points of attention for managers, some of these points are more appropriate for service management: Break down barriers between departments; Management should learn their responsibilities, and take on leadership; Improve constantly; Institute a programme of education and self-improvement. The following d ...

See also:

Quality management, Quality management - Quality Improvement, Quality management - Quality Standards

Read more here: » Quality management: Encyclopedia II - Quality management - Quality Improvement

Nucor's history consists of three distinct areas: the Reo Motor Car era, the Nuclear Corporation of America era, and the current Nucor era. Nucor Corporation - The REO era. Nucor's origins are with auto manufacturer Ransom E. Olds, who founded Oldsmobile (later part of General Motors) and then Reo Motor Cars, the predecessor to Nucor, in Lansing, Michigan. Though Olds' cars were popular, they were not profitable, and the company's truck business (featuring the famous Reo Speed-Wagon) was not sufficiently profitable ...

See also:

Nucor Corporation, Nucor Corporation - History, Nucor Corporation - The REO era, Nucor Corporation - The Nuclear Corporation Era, Nucor Corporation - The Nucor Era, Nucor Corporation - The Nucor Culture, Nucor Corporation - Decentralized Management Philosophy, Nucor Corporation - Performance Based Compensation, Nucor Corporation - Egalitarian Benefits, Nucor Corporation - Customer Service and Quality, Nucor Corporation - Technological Leadership

Read more here: » Nucor Corporation: Encyclopedia II - Nucor Corporation - History

Many fields are closely related to software engineering; here are some key similarities and distinctions. Comparing SE with other fields helps explain what SE is and helps define what SE might or should become. There is considerable debate over which fields SE most resembles (or should most resemble). These complex and inexact comparisons explain why some see software engineering as its own field. < ...

See also:

Software engineering, Software engineering - Terminology, Software engineering - Origins, Software engineering - Meanings, Software engineering - Debate over who is a software engineer, Software engineering - Levels, Software engineering - Software engineering today, Software engineering - Room for improvement, Software engineering - Technologies and practices, Software engineering - Education, Software engineering - Graduate, Software engineering - Undergraduate, Software engineering - Secondary, Software engineering - Employment, Software engineering - Roles in industry, Software engineering - Employers, Software engineering - Certification, Software engineering - Process and methodology, Software engineering - Comparing related fields, Software engineering - What is the nature of SE?, Software engineering - Branch of which field?, Software engineering - History, Software engineering - 60 year time line, Software engineering - Future directions for software engineering, Software engineering - Conferences organizations and publications, Software engineering - Conferences, Software engineering - Organizations, Software engineering - Publications, Software engineering - External links, Software engineering - Quotes

Read more here: » Software engineering: Encyclopedia II - Software engineering - Comparing related fields

A decades-long goal has been to find repeatable, predictable processes or methodologies that improve productivity and quality. Some try to systematize or formalize the seemingly unruly task of writing software. Others apply project management techniques to writing software. Without project management, software projects can easily be delivered late or over budget. With large numbers of software projects not meeting their expectations in terms of functionality, cost, or delivery schedule, effective project management is proving difficult. See ...

See also:

Software development process, Software development process - Processes and meta-processes, Software development process - Process and methodology, Software development process - Process steps, Software development process - Waterfall processes, Software development process - Iterative processes, Software development process - Agile processes, Software development process - Formal methods, Software development process - Specification-driven development, Software development process - Lists

Read more here: » Software development process: Encyclopedia II - Software development process - Process and methodology

Though terms like 'quality engineering' and 'quality assurance' are relatively new, the ideas have existed just as long as the very art of tool manufacture. Simple tools made of rock or bone were subject to familiar modes of failure. They could be fragile, dull where they should be sharp, sharp where they should be dull, etc. When the first specialized craftsmen arose, manufacturing tools for others, the principle of quality control was simple: "let the buyer beware" (caveat emptor). The first civil engineering projects, however, needed to be built to specifications. Qualit ...

See also:

Quality control, Quality control - History, Quality control - Craft and tradespersons, Quality control - Wartime production, Quality control - Postwar, Quality control - Quality assurance, Quality control - Failure testing, Quality control - Statistical control, Quality control - Company quality, Quality control - Total quality control, Quality control - External links, Quality control - References

Read more here: » Quality control: Encyclopedia II - Quality control - History

It is characterized by its dynamism, economic activity and care for its cultural heritage and natural environment. In recent years, Sosnowiec has been transformed from and industrial center with mainly mining and heavy industries into a trade and service processing hub. However, it still has several important coal mines, steel factories and other heavy industrial plants. Its Special Economic Zone (SEZ), which was established in Sosnowiec thanks to the efforts of local authorities, has played a major role in the establishment of new bu ...

See also:

Sosnowiec, Sosnowiec - History, Sosnowiec - Economy, Sosnowiec - Points of interest, Sosnowiec - Sports, Sosnowiec - Education and Science, Sosnowiec - Tourist attractions, Sosnowiec - Famous people, Sosnowiec - Musicans, Sosnowiec - Famous Music Groups

Read more here: » Sosnowiec: Encyclopedia II - Sosnowiec - Economy

Software engineers affect society by creating applications. These applications produce value for users, and sometimes produce disasters. List of software engineering topics - Applications. Software engineers build applications that people use. Applications influence software engineering by pressuring developers to solve problems in new ways. For example, consumer software emphasizes low cost, medical software emphasizes high quality, and Internet commerce software emphasizes rapid development. < ...

See also:

List of software engineering topics, List of software engineering topics - Influence on society, List of software engineering topics - Applications, List of software engineering topics - Disasters, List of software engineering topics - Technologies and practices, List of software engineering topics - Software engineering topics, List of software engineering topics - Computer science topics, List of software engineering topics - Mathematics topics, List of software engineering topics - Life cycle phases, List of software engineering topics - Deliverables, List of software engineering topics - Business roles, List of software engineering topics - Management topics, List of software engineering topics - Business topics, List of software engineering topics - Community topics, List of software engineering topics - Pioneers, List of software engineering topics - Notable publications, List of software engineering topics - Professional topics, List of software engineering topics - Odds and ends, List of software engineering topics - Related fields, List of software engineering topics - Different languages, List of software engineering topics - Miscellaneous and to do

Read more here: » List of software engineering topics: Encyclopedia II - List of software engineering topics - Influence on society

Modern analysis emphasizes that human beings are not predictable commodity "resources" with definitions totally controlled by contract, but are creative and social beings that make contributions beyond "labor" to a society and to civilization. The broad term human capital has evolved to contain the complexity of this term, and in macro-economics the term "firm-specific human capital" has evolved to represent the original meaning of term "human resources". Advocating the central role of "human resources" or human capital in enterprises ...

See also:

Human resources, Human resources - Human resources in political economy and social sciences, Human resources - Human resources within firms

Read more here: » Human resources: Encyclopedia II - Human resources - Human resources in political economy and social sciences

The assessment of "how much" software there is in a program, especially making prediction of such prior to the detail design, is very difficult to satisfactorily define or measure. The practical utility of software metrics has thus been limited to narrow domains where the measurement process can be stabilised. Management methodologies such as the Capability Maturity Model or ISO 9000 have therefore focused more on process metrics which assist in monitoring and controlling ...

See also:

Software metric, Software metric - Common software metrics, Software metric - Usage, Software metric - Limitations, Software metric - Criticisms

Read more here: » Software metric: Encyclopedia II - Software metric - Limitations

Quality assurance through statistical methods is a key component in a manufacturing organization, where TQM generally starts by sampling a random selection of the product. The sample can then be tested for things that matter most to the end users. The causes of any failures are isolated, secondary measures of the production process are designed, and then the causes of the failure are corrected. The statistical distributions of important measurements are tracked. When parts' measures drift into a defined "error band", the process is fixed. Th ...

See also:

Total Quality Management, Total Quality Management - Definition, Total Quality Management - Origins, Total Quality Management - TQM in manufacturing

Read more here: » Total Quality Management: Encyclopedia II - Total Quality Management - TQM in manufacturing

Though human resources have been part of business and organizations since the first days of agriculture, the modern concept of human resources began in reaction to the efficiency focus of Taylorism in the early 1900s. By 1920, psychologists and employment experts in the United States started the human relations movement, which viewed workers in terms of their psychology and fit with companies, rather than as interchangeable parts. This movement grew throughout the middle of the 20th century, placing emphasis on how leadership, cohesion, and ...

See also:

Human resources, Human resources - Human resources in political economy and social sciences, Human resources - Human resources within firms

Read more here: » Human resources: Encyclopedia II - Human resources - Human resources within firms

Defense standards evolved from the need to ensure proper performance of military equipment. For example, about 1300 British soldiers died in the Zulu war, in part because they could not open the ammunition cases (van Opstal, 1994). Defense standards provide many benefits, such as minimizing the number of types of ammunition, ensuring compatibility of tools, and ensuring quality during production of military equipment. This results, for example, in ammunition cases that can be opened without tools. The proliferation of standards had drawbacks ...

See also:

Defense Standard, Defense Standard - Definitions of military standards specifications and handbooks, Defense Standard - Formats, Defense Standard - Origins of military standards

Read more here: » Defense Standard: Encyclopedia II - Defense Standard - Origins of military standards

As you might expect, the DOD has standards about the format of standards: MIL-STD-961E, Defense and Program-Unique Specifications Format and Content, 1 August 2003, Dept. of Defense MIL-STD-962D, Defense Standards Format and Content, 1 August 2003, Dept. of Defense ...

See also:

Defense Standard, Defense Standard - Definitions of military standards specifications and handbooks, Defense Standard - Formats, Defense Standard - Origins of military standards

Read more here: » Defense Standard: Encyclopedia II - Defense Standard - Formats