In some nations, Muslim ethnic groups enjoy considerable autonomy. In some places, Muslims implement a form of Islamic law, called shariah in Arabic. The Islamic law exists in many variations, but the main forms are the five (four Sunni and one Shia) schools of jurisprudence (fiqh): the Hanafi school in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, West Africa, Egypt, the Maliki in North Africa and West Africa, the Shafi'i in Malaysia and Indonesia, the Hanbali in Arabia, and Jaf ...

See also:

Islamic world, Islamic world - Demographics, Islamic world - History, Islamic world - Important organizations, Islamic world - Main denominations of Islam, Islamic world - Islam in law and ethics, Islamic world - Islam in politics, Islamic world - Conflicts with Israel and the US, Islamic world - Growing polarization, Islamic world - Future

Read more here: » Islamic world: Encyclopedia II - Islamic world - Islam in law and ethics

See also:

Islamic banking, Islamic banking - History of modern Islamic banking, Islamic banking - Principles in Islamic Banking, Islamic banking - Shariah Advisory Council/Consultant, Islamic banking - Concepts In Islamic debt banking, Islamic banking - Wadiah Safekeeping, Islamic banking - Mudharabah Profit Loss Sharing, Islamic banking - Musharakah Joint Venture, Islamic banking - Murabahah Cost Plus, Islamic banking - Bai' Bithaman Ajil Deferred Payment Sale, Islamic banking - Wakalah Agency, Islamic banking - Qardhul Hassan Benevolent Loan, Islamic banking - Ijarah Thumma Al Bai' Hire Purchase, Islamic banking - Bai' al-Inah Sell and Buy Back Agreement, Islamic banking - Hibah Gift, Islamic banking - Takaful Islamic Insurance, Islamic banking - Sukuk Islamic Bonds, Islamic banking - Islamic Equity Funds, Islamic banking - Islamic laws on trading, Islamic banking - Opposition

Read more here: » Islamic banking: Encyclopedia II - Islamic banking - Islamic laws on trading

As defined by the constitution of Malaysia [2], Malays ought to be Muslims or else they are not legally Malay, regardless of their ethnic heritage. Consequently, apostate Malays will have to forfeit all their constitutional privileges, including their Bumiputra status, which entitles them to affirmative action policies in university admissions, and discounts on purchases of vehicles or real estate. Parallel to the civil courts, there are Sharia courts which conduct legal matters related to religious (Islam) and family (Muslim) issues. Legal issues like Muslim divorce and Muslim apostacy are conducted ...

See also:

Islam in Malaysia, Islam in Malaysia - History of Islam in Malaysia, Islam in Malaysia - Demographic of Muslim in Malaysia, Islam in Malaysia - Roles of Islam in Malay and Malaysian Culture, Islam in Malaysia - Law and politics, Islam in Malaysia - Islam Hadhari, Islam in Malaysia - Notes and references

Read more here: » Islam in Malaysia: Encyclopedia II - Islam in Malaysia - Law and politics

Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science • Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam Politic ...

Including:

• Islam - Etymology
• Islam - Beliefs
• Islam - Six articles of belief
• Islam - The tenets of Islam
• Islam - God
• Islam - The Qur'an
• Islam - Islamic eschatology
• Islam - Other beliefs
• Islam - Organization
• Islam - Religious authority
• Islam - Islamic law
• Islam - Islamic calendar
• Islam - Schools denominations
• Islam - Religions based on Islam
• Islam - Islam and other religions
• Islam - History
• Islam - Contemporary Islam
• Islam - The demographics of Islam today
• Islam - Symbols of Islam
• Islam - Notes

Read more here: » Islam: Encyclopedia - Islam

Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science • Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam Politica ...

Including:

• Wudu - Islamic Law on Wudu

Read more here: » Wudu: Encyclopedia - Wudu

Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science • Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam P ...

Including:

• Sunni Islam - Demographics
• Sunni Islam - Sunni schools of law Madhab
• Sunni Islam - Sunni theological traditions kalam
• Sunni Islam - Subsects within Sunni Islam
• Sunni Islam - Sunni view of hadith
• Sunni Islam - Current trends in Sunni thought and practice
• Sunni Islam - See Also

Read more here: » Sunni Islam: Encyclopedia - Sunni Islam

The Noahide Laws (Hebrew: שבע מצוות בני נח -- Seven Noahide Laws), also called the Brit Noah ("Covenant [of] Noah") are the mitzvot (commandments) and halakhot ("laws") that Judaism teaches that all non-Jews are morally bound to follow. They are listed in the Talmud and elaborated on by post-Talmudic authorities. Opinions differ on the reach of these commandments and the laws derived from them, but all contemporary authorities agree that there are seven commandments. These command ...

Including:

• Noahide Laws - Origin
• Noahide Laws - The seven laws
• Noahide Laws - Definition of Noahides
• Noahide Laws - Subdividing the seven laws
• Noahide Laws - Recent developments
• Noahide Laws - Other religions as Noahide
• Noahide Laws - Islam
• Noahide Laws - Christianity
• Noahide Laws - Christian criticism
• Noahide Laws - Christian adherence
• Noahide Laws - Notes

Read more here: » Noahide Laws: Encyclopedia - Noahide Laws

Averroes (Ibn Rushd) (1126 – December 10, 1198) was an Andalusian-Arab philosopher and physician, a master of philosophy and Islamic law, mathematics, and medicine. He was born in Cordoba, Spain, and died in Marrakesh, Morocco. His name is also seen as Averroès, Averroës or Averrhoës, indicating that the o and the e form separate syllables. In Arabic (the language in which he wrote), his name is Abu Al-Walid Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Rushd أبو ال� ...

Including:

• Averroes - Biography
• Averroes - System of philosophy
• Averroes - Significance
• Averroes - Jurisprudence and Law
• Averroes - Cultural influences

Read more here: » Averroes: Encyclopedia - Averroes

The People of the Book is a term in Islam for peoples who, according to the Qur'an, have received divine scriptures — generally interpreted to refer to the Taurat (the Torah) and Injeel (the New Testament). The term "People of the Book" (Hebrew עם הספר, Am HaSefer) is also used in Judaism, where it refers specifically to the Jewish people and the Torah. People of the Book - Application of term. In Islam, the term applies to monotheistic Abrahamic faiths older than Islam w ...

Including:

• People of the Book - Application of term
• People of the Book - The Qur'an
• People of the Book - Similarities in belief
• People of the Book - Islamic law

Read more here: » People of the Book: Encyclopedia - People of the Book

Blasphemy is the defamation of the name of God. These may include using sacred names as stress expletivies without intention to pray or speak of sacred matters. Sometimes blasphemy is used loosely to mean any profane language, for example in "With much hammering and blasphemy, the locomotive's replacement spring was finally fitted.". In this broader sense the term is used by Sir Francis Bacon in the Advancement of Learning, when he speaks of "blasphemy against learning". Many cultures disapprove of speech or writi ...

Including:

• Blasphemy - Blasphemy laws
• Blasphemy - Blasphemy in Christianity
• Blasphemy - Blasphemy in Islam

Read more here: » Blasphemy: Encyclopedia - Blasphemy

Kashrut (Hebrew: כַּשְׁרוּת kašrûṯ) or "keeping kosher" (Hebrew: כָּשֵׁר kāšēr) is the name of the Jewish dietary laws. Food in accord with halakha (Jewish law) is termed kosher in English, from the Hebrew term kasher, meaning "fit" (in this context, fit for Jewish consumption). Food not in accord with Jewish law is termed treifah or treif (טְרֵפָה ṭərēp̄āh) ...

Including:

• Kashrut - Types of foods
• Kashrut - Identification of kosher foods
• Kashrut - Reasons for the Biblical dietary laws
• Kashrut - Ritual purity and holiness
• Kashrut - Symbolic purpose
• Kashrut - Maintenance of a separate culture
• Kashrut - Hygiene
• Kashrut - Other reasons
• Kashrut - U.S. Laws regarding use of word Kosher
• Kashrut - How kashrut is viewed by Judaism today
• Kashrut - Vegetarianism
• Kashrut - Kashrut and animal welfare
• Kashrut - Kashrut and Islam
• Kashrut - Notes

Read more here: » Kashrut: Encyclopedia - Kashrut

Most world religions condemn abortion on demand, though most do consider abortion acceptable under very limited circumstances: Anglicanism: [1]. Buddhism: [2] Catholicism:[3] (abortion is always morally prohibited and laws that permit abortion are unjust) Hinduism:[4] Islam: [5] Judaism: [6][7] Sikhism:[8] Likewise, some atheists are also opposed to abortion.[9][10] Abortion, Abortion Law, Morality and legality of ab ...

Including:

• Religion and abortion - General
• Religion and abortion - Buddhism
• Religion and abortion - Christianity
• Religion and abortion - Catholicism
• Religion and abortion - Eastern Orthodox
• Religion and abortion - Protestant
• Religion and abortion - Mormonism
• Religion and abortion - Hinduism
• Religion and abortion - Islam
• Religion and abortion - Judaism
• Religion and abortion - Orthodox Judaism
• Religion and abortion - Conservative Judaism

Read more here: » Religion and abortion: Encyclopedia - Religion and abortion

Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science • Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam Poli ...

Including:

• Twelvers - Alternate names
• Twelvers - Theology
• Twelvers - Religious law the Sharia
• Twelvers - The concept of Imams and the Mahdi
• Twelvers - Hussein's martyrdom
• Twelvers - Some examples of Jafari jurisprudence differing from Sunni
• Twelvers - Declaration of faith
• Twelvers - Accepting a scholar's verdict
• Twelvers - Prayer
• Twelvers - One-fifth tax
• Twelvers - Marriage
• Twelvers - Schools of thought within the Twelvers

Read more here: » Twelvers: Encyclopedia - Twelvers

Same-sex intercourse officially carries the death penalty in seven Islamic nations: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Mauritania, Sudan, Somalia, Somaliland, and Yemen.[1] It formerly carried the death penalty in Afghanistan under the Taliban, and in Iraq under a 2001 decree by Saddam Hussein. The legal situation in the United Arab Emirates is unclear. In many Muslim nations, such as Bahrain, Qatar, Algeria, and the Maldives, homosexuality is punished with jail time, fines, or corporal punishment. In some Muslim-majority nations, such as Turkey, Jordan, E ...

See also:

Homosexuality and Islam, Homosexuality and Islam - Constructions and examples, Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in the Sharia, Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in modern Islamic countries' laws, Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in the Qur'an, Homosexuality and Islam - Liberal Islamic stances on homosexuality

Read more here: » Homosexuality and Islam: Encyclopedia II - Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in modern Islamic countries' laws

Apostasy (αποστασις, in classical Greek a defection or revolt from a military commander, from απο, apo, "away, apart", στασις, stasis, "standing") is a term generally employed to describe the formal renunciation of one's religion, especially if the motive is deemed unworthy. In a technical sense, as used by sociologists without the sometimes pejorative connotations of the word, the term refers to renunciation and criticism of or opposition to one's former religion. One who commits apostasy is an ...

Including:

• Apostasy - Sociological definitions
• Apostasy - In International Law
• Apostasy - In Christianity
• Apostasy - In Hinduism
• Apostasy - In Islam
• Apostasy - In Judaism
• Apostasy - In purported cults and new religious movements NRMs
• Apostasy - Opinions about the reliability of apostates' testimony and their motivations
• Apostasy - Other uses of the term
• Apostasy - Noted apostates
• Apostasy - Christianity
• Apostasy - Islam
• Apostasy - Judaism
• Apostasy - Hinduism
• Apostasy - Bibliography
• Apostasy - Testimonies memoirs and autobiographies
• Apostasy - Writings by others

Read more here: » Apostasy: Encyclopedia - Apostasy

Abu Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir (Persian: ابو مظفر محی الدین محمد اورنگزیب عالمگیر) (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), usually known as Aurangzeb, but also sometimes as Alamgir I, was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1658 until 1707. He was and is a very controversial figure in Indian history. Unlike his predecessors, Aurangzeb led a remarkably austere and pious life. Strict adherence to Islam and Sharia (Islamic law)—as he interpreted them—were ...

Including:

• Aurangzeb - Rise to throne
• Aurangzeb - Early life
• Aurangzeb - War of succession
• Aurangzeb - Aurangzeb's Reign
• Aurangzeb - Enforcement of Islamic law
• Aurangzeb - Expansion of the empire
• Aurangzeb - Conversion of non-Muslims
• Aurangzeb - Hindu temple desecration
• Aurangzeb - Impact of Aurangzeb's reign
• Aurangzeb - Hindu rebellion
• Aurangzeb - The Deccan wars and the rise of the Marathas
• Aurangzeb - Defiance of the Sikhs and the rise of the Khalsa
• Aurangzeb - Legacy
• Aurangzeb - Commentary by recent historians
• Aurangzeb - Wolpert
• Aurangzeb - Manas Group UCLA

Read more here: » Aurangzeb: Encyclopedia - Aurangzeb

Noah or Nóach ("Rest," Standard Hebrew נוֹחַ (Nóaḥ), Tiberian Hebrew נֹחַ (Nōªḥ); Arabic نوح (Nūḥ)), is a Biblical figure who, according to Genesis, built an ark to save his family and each species of the world's animals from the Deluge (an example of Divine retribution). The story of his life is told in ...

Including:

• Noah - Life of Noah
• Noah - Interpretive Differences
• Noah - Christian
• Noah - Jewish
• Noah - Islamic
• Noah - Latter-Day Saint
• Noah - Gnostic
• Noah - The Seven Noahide Laws
• Noah - Popular culture

Read more here: » Noah: Encyclopedia - Noah

List of Islamic texts - Sunni. Usl al-Fiqh Aqidah al-Tahawiyya List of Islamic texts - Shia. Usool-e-kafi ...

See also:

List of Islamic texts, List of Islamic texts - Qur'an, List of Islamic texts - Text, List of Islamic texts - Commentary/Exegesis, List of Islamic texts - Sunnah/Hadith, List of Islamic texts - Hadith Traditions of The Prophet, List of Islamic texts - Sira Biographies of Mohammad, List of Islamic texts - Books by Companions, List of Islamic texts - Fiqh/Sharia Jurispudence/Religious law, List of Islamic texts - Sunni, List of Islamic texts - Shia, List of Islamic texts - Sufi Texts, List of Islamic texts - Apocrypha

Read more here: » List of Islamic texts: Encyclopedia II - List of Islamic texts - Fiqh/Sharia Jurispudence/Religious law

Same-sex intercourse carries the death penalty in seven officially Muslim nations: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Mauritania, Sudan, Somalia, Somaliland, and Yemen.[1] It formerly carried the death penalty in Afghanistan under the Taliban, and in Iraq under a 2001 decree by Saddam Hussein. The legal situation in the United Arab Emirates is unclear. In many Muslim nations, such as Bahrain, Qatar, Algeria, and the Maldives, homosexuality is punished with jail time, fines, or corporal punishment. In some Muslim-majority nations, such as Turkey, Jordan, Eg ...

See also:

Homosexuality and Islam, Homosexuality and Islam - Constructions and examples, Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in the Sharia, Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in modern Islamic countries' laws, Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in the Qur'an, Homosexuality and Islam - Liberal Islamic Stances on Homosexuality

Read more here: » Homosexuality and Islam: Encyclopedia II - Homosexuality and Islam - Homosexuality in modern Islamic countries' laws

There are four Sunni schools of law: Hanafi (based on work of Abu Hanifa) Maliki (founded by Malik) Shafi'i (founded by Shafi'i, a student of Malik) Hanbali (founded by Ahmad bin Hanbal, a student of Shafi'i) A madhab is a particular tradition of interpreting Islamic law, or shari'a. The schools were started by eminent Muslim scholars in the first four centuries of Islam. Most Sunnis believe that there are no living jurists of the stature of the founders of the four madhabs. Contemporary scholars can comment on the traditions, but they cannot start new ones. ...

See also:

Sunni Islam, Sunni Islam - Demographics, Sunni Islam - Sunni schools of law Madhab, Sunni Islam - Sunni theological traditions kalam, Sunni Islam - Subsects within Sunni Islam, Sunni Islam - Sunni view of hadith, Sunni Islam - Current trends in Sunni thought and practice, Sunni Islam - See Also

Read more here: » Sunni Islam: Encyclopedia II - Sunni Islam - Sunni schools of law Madhab