Iron - Applications

Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe (L.: Ferrum) and atomic number 26. Iron is a group 8 and period 4 metal. Iron is notable for being the final element produced by stellar nucleosynthesis, and thus the heaviest element which does not require a supernova or similarly cataclysmic event for its formation. It is therefore the most abundant heavy metal in the universe. Iron - Notable characteristics. Iron is the most abundant metal on Earth, and is believed to be the tenth most abundant element ...

Including:

• Iron - Notable characteristics
• Iron - Applications
• Iron - History
• Iron - Occurrence
• Iron - Extraction from ore
• Iron - Compounds
• Iron - Biological role
• Iron - Isotopes
• Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia - Iron

The first signs of use of iron come from the Sumerians and the Egyptians, where around 4000 BC, a few items, such as the tips of spears, daggers and ornaments, were being fashioned from iron recovered from meteorites. Because meteorites fall from the sky some linguists have conjectured that the English word iron (OE īsern), which has cognates in many northern and western European languages, derives from the Etruscan a ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - History

The first signs of use of iron come from the Sumerians and the Egyptians, where around 4000 BC, a few items, such as the tips of spears, daggers and ornaments, were being fashioned from iron recovered from meteorites. Because meteorites fall from the sky some linguists have conjectured that the English word iron (OE īsern), which has cognates in many northern and western European languages, derives from the Etruscan a ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - History

Iron is one of the more common elements on Earth, making up about 5% of the Earth's crust. Most of this iron is found in various iron oxides, such as the minerals hematite, magnetite, and taconite. The earth's core is believed to consist largely of a metallic iron-nickel alloy. About 5% of the meteorites similarly consist of iron-nickel alloy. Although rare, these are the major form of natural metallic iron on the earth's surface. Iron is also one of the least reactive metals, and therefore, it ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Occurrence

Industrially, iron is extracted from its ores, principally hematite (nominally Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) by a carbothermic reaction (reduction with carbon) in a blast furnace at temperatures of about 2000°C. In a blast furnace, iron ore, carbon in the form of coke, and a flux such as limestone are fed into the top of the furnace, while a blast of heated air is forced into the furnace at the bottom. In the furnace, the coke reacts with oxygen in the air blast to produce carbon monoxide: See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Extraction from ore

Naturally occurring iron consists of four isotopes: 5.845% of radioactive 54Fe (half-life: >3.1E22 years), 91.754% of stable 56Fe, 2.119% of stable 57Fe and 0.282% of stable 58Fe. 60Fe is an extinct radionuclide of long half-life (1.5 million years). Much of the past work on measuring the isotopic composition of Fe has centered on determining 60Fe variations due to processes accompanying nucleosynthesis (i.e., mete ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Isotopes

Iron is essential to all organisms, except for a few bacteria. It is mostly stably incorporated in the inside of metalloproteins, because in exposed or in free form it causes production of free radicals that are generally toxic to cells. To say that iron is free doesn't mean that it is free floating in the bodily fluids. Iron binds avidly to virtually all biomolecules so it will adhere nonspecifically to cell ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Biological role

Common oxidation states of iron include: the Iron(-II) state, Fe2- (e.g. Fe(CO)42-,Fe(CO)2(NO)2. the Iron(0) state, Fe(CO)5, Fe(PF3)5. the Iron(I) state, [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+. the Iron(II) state, Fe2+, previously ferrous is very common. the Iron(III) state, Fe3+, previously ferric, is also very common, for exam ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Compounds

Naturally occurring iron consists of four isotopes: 5.845% of radioactive 54Fe (half-life: >3.1E22 years), 91.754% of stable 56Fe, 2.119% of stable 57Fe and 0.282% of stable 58Fe. 60Fe is an extinct radionuclide of long half-life (1.5 million years). Much of the past work on measuring the isotopic composition of Fe has centered on determining 60Fe variations due to processes accompanying nucleosynthesis (i.e., mete ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Isotopes

Iron is one of the more common elements on Earth, making up about 5% of the Earth's crust. Most of this iron is found in various iron oxides, such as the minerals hematite, magnetite, and taconite. The earth's core is believed to consist largely of a metallic iron-nickel alloy. About 5% of the meteorites similarly consist of iron-nickel alloy. Although rare, these are the major form of natural metallic iron on the earth's surface. Iron is also one of the least reactive metals, and therefore, it ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Occurrence

Iron is the most abundant metal on Earth, and is believed to be the tenth most abundant element in the universe. Iron is also the most abundant (by mass, 34.6%) element making up the Earth; the concentration of iron in the various layers of the Earth ranges from high at the inner core to about 5% in the outer crust; it is possible the Earth's inner core consists of a single iron crystal although it is more likely to be a mixture of iron and nickel; the large amount of iron in the Earth ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Notable characteristics

Industrially, iron is extracted from its ores, principally hematite (nominally Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) by a carbothermic reaction (reduction with carbon) in a blast furnace at temperatures of about 2000°C. In a blast furnace, iron ore, carbon in the form of coke, and a flux such as limestone are fed into the top of the furnace, while a blast of heated air is forced into the furnace at the bottom. In the furnace, the coke reacts with oxygen in the air blast to produce carbon monoxide: See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Extraction from ore

Common oxidation states of iron include: the Iron(-II) state, Fe2- (e.g. Fe(CO)42-,Fe(CO)2(NO)2. the Iron(0) state, Fe(CO)5, Fe(PF3)5. the Iron(I) state, [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+. the Iron(II) state, Fe2+, previously ferrous is very common. the Iron(III) state, Fe3+, previously ferric, is also very common, for exam ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Compounds

Iron is essential to all organisms, except for a few bacteria. It is mostly stably incorporated in the inside of metalloproteins, because in exposed or in free form it causes production of free radicals that are generally toxic to cells. To say that iron is free doesn't mean that it is free floating in the bodily fluids. Iron binds avidly to virtually all biomolecules so it will adhere nonspecifically to cell ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Biological role

Iron is the most abundant metal on Earth, and is believed to be the tenth most abundant element in the universe. Iron is also the most abundant (by mass, 34.6%) element making up the Earth; the concentration of iron in the various layers of the Earth ranges from high at the inner core to about 5% in the outer crust; it is possible the Earth's inner core consists of a single iron crystal although it is more likely to be a mixture of iron and nickel; the large amount of iron in the Earth ...

See also:

Iron, Iron - Notable characteristics, Iron - Applications, Iron - History, Iron - Occurrence, Iron - Extraction from ore, Iron - Compounds, Iron - Isotopes, Iron - Biological role, Iron - Precautions

Read more here: » Iron: Encyclopedia II - Iron - Notable characteristics