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Ionian Revolt | A Wisdom Archive on Ionian Revolt | | Ionian Revolt A selection of articles related to Ionian Revolt | |
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Ionian Revolt
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Ionian Revolt | | | |  Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 4th century BCEThe fall of Athens left Sparta once again supreme in the Greek world and demonstrated clearly its total unfitness for rule. Everywhere democracy was replaced by a philo-Laconian oligarchy, usually consisting of ten men under a harmost or governor pledged to Spartan interests, and even in Laconia itself the narrow and selfish character of the Spartan rule led to a serious conspiracy. For a short time, indeed, under the energetic rule of Agesilaus, it seemed as if Sparta would pursue a Hellenic policy and carry on the war against Persia. But troubles soon broke out in Greece, Agesilaus II was recalled from Asia Mino ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE Twenty-two years later the city was attacked by an immense force under Pyrrhus, but Spartan bravery had not died out and the formidable enemy was repulsed, even the women taking part in the defence of the city. About 244 BCE an Aetolian army overran Laconia, working irreparable harm and carrying off, it is said, 50,000 captives.
But the social evils within the state were even harder to combat than foes without. Avarice, luxury, and the glaring inequality in the distribution of wealth threatened to bring about the speedy fall of the st ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome Nonetheless, a vigorous struggle was maintained with the Achaean League and with Macedon until the Romans, after the conclusion of their war with Philip V, sent an army into Laconia under T. Quinctius Flamininus. Nabis was forced to capitulate, evacuating all his possessions outside Laconia, surrendering the Laconian seaports and his navy, and paying an indemnity of 500 talents (Livy xxxiv. 33–43). On the departure of the Romans he succeeded in recovering Gythium, in spite of an attempt to relieve it made by the Achaeans under Philopoemen, but in an encounter he suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of th ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta In CE 406 Alaric destroyed the city, and at a later period Laconia was invaded and settled by Slavonic tribes, especially the Melings and Ezerits, who in turn had to give way before the advance of the Byzantine power, though preserving a partial independence in the mountainous regions. In fact, Slavic tribes were found in the Peloponnese until well into Ottoman times. It has been theorized that speakers of the now-moribund Doric derived language of Tsakonian are the descen ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE Early in the 6th century the Spartan kings Leon and Agasicles made a vigorous attack on Tegea, the most powerful of the Arcadian cities, but it was not until the reign of Anaxandridas and Ariston, about the middle of the century, that the attack was successful and Tegea was forced to acknowledge Spartan overlordship, though retaining its independence. The final struggle for Peloponnesian supremacy was with Argos, which had at an early period been the most powerful state of the peninsula and, even though its ter ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta We cannot trace in detail the process by which Sparta subjugated the whole of Laconia, but apparently the first step, taken in the reign of Archelaus and Charillus, was to secure the upper Eurotas valley, conquering the border territory of Aegys. Archelaus' son Teleclus is said to have taken Amyclae, Pharis and Geronthrae, thus mastering the central Laconian plain and the eastern plateau which lies between the Eurotas and Mount Parnon: his son, Alcamenes, by the subjugation ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Persian Wars - Xerxes' invasion In 480, Darius' successor Xerxes I mounted a massive expedition, consisting of perhaps 60,000-120,000 soldiers and 1,000 ships, although a 1,000,000 man army or greater army is said by some Greeks to have invaded, but this is most likely an exaggeration. Additionally, a fleet of "1000" ships is interpreted as a gross exaggeration as well and seems to be derived more from mythology (see Iliad) than from an actual account of the Persian fleet. A preliminary diplomatic offensive secured the surrender of Thessaly, Delphi, Argos, and much of cent ...
See also:Greco-Persian Wars, Greco-Persian Wars - Origins, Greco-Persian Wars - Darius' invasion, Greco-Persian Wars - Xerxes' invasion, Greco-Persian Wars - The Greek counterattack Read more here: » Greco-Persian Wars: Encyclopedia II - Greco-Persian Wars - Xerxes' invasion |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War In 431 BC war broke out again between Athens and Sparta and its allies. The immediate cause was a dispute between Corinth and one of its colonies, Corcyra (modern-day Corfu), in which Athens intervened. The obviate cause was the growing resentment of Sparta and its allies at the dominance of Athens over Greek affairs. The war lasted 27 years, partly because Athens (a naval power) and Sparta (a land-based military power) found it difficult to come to grips with each other.
Sparta's initial strategy was to invade Attica, but the Athenia ...
See also:Ancient Greece, Ancient Greece - Origins, Ancient Greece - The rise of Hellas, Ancient Greece - Social and political conflict, Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars, Ancient Greece - The dominance of Athens, Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War, Ancient Greece - Spartan and Theban dominance, Ancient Greece - The rise of Macedon, Ancient Greece - The conquests of Alexander, Ancient Greece - Society, Ancient Greece - Social Structure, Ancient Greece - Way of Life, Ancient Greece - Education Read more here: » Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Prehistoric period Tradition relates that Sparta was founded by Lacedaemon, son of Zeus and Taygete, who called the city after his wife, the daughter of Eurotas. But Amyclae and Therapne (Therapnae) seem to have been in early times of greater importance than Sparta, the former a Minoan foundation a few miles to the south of Sparta, the latter probably the Achaean capital of Laconia and the seat of Menelaus, Agamemnon's younger brother. Eighty years after the Trojan War, according to the traditional chronology, the Dorian migration took place. A band of Dorians united with a body of Aetolians to cross the Corint ...
See also:History of Sparta, History of Sparta - Prehistoric period, History of Sparta - The expansion of Sparta, History of Sparta - The 6th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 5th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 4th century BCE, History of Sparta - The 3rd century BCE, History of Sparta - Intervention of Rome, History of Sparta - Medieval Sparta, History of Sparta - Modern Sparta Read more here: » History of Sparta: Encyclopedia II - History of Sparta - Prehistoric period |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars In Ionia (the modern Aegean coast of Turkey) the Greek cities, which included great centres such as Miletus and Halicarnassus, were unable to maintain their independence and came under the rule of the Persian Empire in the mid 6th century BC. In 499 BC the Greeks rose in the Ionian Revolt, and Athens and some other Greek cities went to their aid.
In 490 BC the Persian Great King, Darius I, having suppressed the Ionian cities, sent a fleet to punish the Greeks. The Persians landed in Attica, but were defeated at the Battle of Marathon by a Greek a ...
See also:Ancient Greece, Ancient Greece - Origins, Ancient Greece - The rise of Hellas, Ancient Greece - Social and political conflict, Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars, Ancient Greece - The dominance of Athens, Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War, Ancient Greece - Spartan and Theban dominance, Ancient Greece - The rise of Macedon, Ancient Greece - The conquests of Alexander, Ancient Greece - Society, Ancient Greece - Social Structure, Ancient Greece - Way of Life, Ancient Greece - Education Read more here: » Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - Ionia - History The first event in the history of Ionia of which we have any trustworthy account is the inroad of the Cimmerii, who ravaged a great part of Asia Minor, including Lydia, and sacked Magnesia on the Maeander, but were foiled in their attack upon Ephesus. This event may be referred to the middle of the 7th century BC. About 700 BC Gyges, first Mermnad king of Lydia, invaded the territories of Smyrna and Miletus, and is said to have taken Colophon as his son Ardys did Priene. But it was not till the reign of Croesus (560–545 BC) that the cities ...
See also:Ionia, Ionia - Geography, Ionia - History, Ionia - Legacy Read more here: » Ionia: Encyclopedia II - Ionia - History |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Modern Athens Athens was chosen as the Greek capital for historical and sentimental reasons, not because it was a functioning city: there are few buildings in Athens dated between the Roman Empire and the 19th century. During the reign of King Othon (1832–1862) a modern city plan was laid out and public buildings erected. The finest legacy of this period are the buildings of the University of Athens, the Greek National Library and ...
See also:History of Athens, History of Athens - Origins and setting, History of Athens - Early history, History of Athens - Reform and democracy, History of Athens - Classical Athens, History of Athens - Byzantine Athens, History of Athens - Ottoman Athens, History of Athens - Modern Athens, History of Athens - Notable Athenians, History of Athens - Ancient sites in Athens Read more here: » History of Athens: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Modern Athens |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - Origins The Greeks are believed to have migrated southward into the Balkan peninsula in several waves beginning in the late 3rd millennium BC, the last being the Dorian invasion. The period from 1600 BC to about 1100 BC is described in History of Mycenaean Greece known for the reign of King Agamemnon and the wars against Troy as narrated in the epics of Homer. The period from 1100 BC to the 8th century BC is a "dark age" from which no primary texts survive, and only scant archaeological evidence remains. Secondary and tertiary texts such as Herodotu ...
See also:Ancient Greece, Ancient Greece - Origins, Ancient Greece - The rise of Hellas, Ancient Greece - Social and political conflict, Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars, Ancient Greece - The dominance of Athens, Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War, Ancient Greece - Spartan and Theban dominance, Ancient Greece - The rise of Macedon, Ancient Greece - The conquests of Alexander, Ancient Greece - Society, Ancient Greece - Social Structure, Ancient Greece - Way of Life, Ancient Greece - Education Read more here: » Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - Origins |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - The rise of Hellas In the 8th century BC Greece began to emerge from the Dark Ages which followed the fall of the Mycenaean civilization. Literacy had been lost and the Mycenaean script forgotten, but the Greeks adapted the Phoenician alphabet to Greek and from about 800 BC written records begin to appear. Greece was divided into many small self-governing communities, a pattern dictated by Greek geography, where every island, valley and plain is cut ...
See also:Ancient Greece, Ancient Greece - Origins, Ancient Greece - The rise of Hellas, Ancient Greece - Social and political conflict, Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars, Ancient Greece - The dominance of Athens, Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War, Ancient Greece - Spartan and Theban dominance, Ancient Greece - The rise of Macedon, Ancient Greece - The conquests of Alexander, Ancient Greece - Society, Ancient Greece - Social Structure, Ancient Greece - Way of Life, Ancient Greece - Education Read more here: » Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - The rise of Hellas |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - Social and political conflict The Greek cities were originally monarchies, although many of them were very small and the term "King" (basileus) for their rulers is misleadingly grand. In a country always short of farmland, power rested with a small class of landowners, who formed a warrior aristocracy fighting frequent petty inter-city wars over land and rapidly ousting the monarchy. About this time the rise of a mercantile class (shown by the introduction of coinage in about 680 BC) introduced class conflict into the larger cities. From 650 BC onwards, the aristo ...
See also:Ancient Greece, Ancient Greece - Origins, Ancient Greece - The rise of Hellas, Ancient Greece - Social and political conflict, Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars, Ancient Greece - The dominance of Athens, Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War, Ancient Greece - Spartan and Theban dominance, Ancient Greece - The rise of Macedon, Ancient Greece - The conquests of Alexander, Ancient Greece - Society, Ancient Greece - Social Structure, Ancient Greece - Way of Life, Ancient Greece - Education Read more here: » Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Greece - Social and political conflict |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Ottoman Athens Finally, in 1458, Athens fell to the Ottoman Empire. The city's population declined and by the 17th century it was a mere village. Great damage to Athens was caused in the 17th century, when Ottoman power was declining. The Venetians attacked Athens in 1687. A shot fired during the bombardment of the Acropolis caused a powder magazine in the Parthenon to explode, and the building was severely damaged. After capturing the Acropolis the Venetians employed material from its ancient buildings in repairing its walls. The following year the Turks ...
See also:History of Athens, History of Athens - Origins and setting, History of Athens - Early history, History of Athens - Reform and democracy, History of Athens - Classical Athens, History of Athens - Byzantine Athens, History of Athens - Ottoman Athens, History of Athens - Modern Athens, History of Athens - Notable Athenians, History of Athens - Ancient sites in Athens Read more here: » History of Athens: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Ottoman Athens |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Byzantine Athens Although the Byzantines retained control of the Aegean and its islands during this period, direct control did not extend far beyond the coast. The city shrank considerably, and was reduced to a shadow of its former self.
During the period of the Byzantine Empire Athens was a provincial town, and in the early years many of its works of art were looted by the emperors and taken to Constantinople. In the seventh century, Greece was overrun by Slavic peoples from the north, and Athens entered a period of uncertainty and insecurity. From t ...
See also:History of Athens, History of Athens - Origins and setting, History of Athens - Early history, History of Athens - Reform and democracy, History of Athens - Classical Athens, History of Athens - Byzantine Athens, History of Athens - Ottoman Athens, History of Athens - Modern Athens, History of Athens - Notable Athenians, History of Athens - Ancient sites in Athens Read more here: » History of Athens: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Byzantine Athens |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Early history The Acropolis of Athens was inhabited from Neolithic times. By 1400 BC Athens had become a powerful centre of the Mycenaean civilization. Unlike other Mycenaean centres, such as Mycenae and Pylos, Athens was not sacked and abandoned at the time of the Doric invasion of about 1200 BC, and the Athenians always maintained that they were "pure" Ionians with no Doric element. However, Athens lost most of its power and pro ...
See also:History of Athens, History of Athens - Origins and setting, History of Athens - Early history, History of Athens - Reform and democracy, History of Athens - Classical Athens, History of Athens - Byzantine Athens, History of Athens - Ottoman Athens, History of Athens - Modern Athens, History of Athens - Notable Athenians, History of Athens - Ancient sites in Athens Read more here: » History of Athens: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Early history |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Reform and democracy The reforms of Solon dealt with both economic and political issues. The economic power of the Eupatridae was reduced by abolishing slavery as a punishment for debt, breaking up large landed estates and freeing up trade and commerce, which allowed the emergence of a prosperous urban trading class. Politically, Solon divided the Athenians into four classes, based on their wealth and their ability to perform military service. The poorest class, the Thetes, who were the majority of the population, received political rights for the ...
See also:History of Athens, History of Athens - Origins and setting, History of Athens - Early history, History of Athens - Reform and democracy, History of Athens - Classical Athens, History of Athens - Byzantine Athens, History of Athens - Ottoman Athens, History of Athens - Modern Athens, History of Athens - Notable Athenians, History of Athens - Ancient sites in Athens Read more here: » History of Athens: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Reform and democracy |
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| | | | | Ionian Revolt: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Classical Athens Prior to the rise of Athens, the city of Sparta considered itself the leader of the Greeks, or hegemon. In 500 BC Athens sent troops to aid the Ionian Greeks of Asia Minor, who were rebelling against the Persian Empire (see Ionian Revolt). This provoked two Persian invasions of Greece, both of which were defeated under the leadership of the Athenian soldier-statesmen Miltiades and Themistocles (see Persian Wars). In 490 BC the Athenians defeated the first invasion at the Battle of Marathon. In 480 BC the Persians came back, and captured and ...
See also:History of Athens, History of Athens - Origins and setting, History of Athens - Early history, History of Athens - Reform and democracy, History of Athens - Classical Athens, History of Athens - Byzantine Athens, History of Athens - Ottoman Athens, History of Athens - Modern Athens, History of Athens - Notable Athenians, History of Athens - Ancient sites in Athens Read more here: » History of Athens: Encyclopedia II - History of Athens - Classical Athens |
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