Encyclopedia - Ionia: Encyclopedia Ii - Ionia - History
The first event in the history of Ionia of which we have any trustworthy account is the inroad of the Cimmerii, who ravaged a great part ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ionia: Encyclopedia Ii - Ionia - Legacy
Ionia has laid the world under its debt not only by giving birth to a long roll of distinguished men of letters and science (see Ionian S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ionia: Encyclopedia Ii - Ionia - Geography
The cities called Ionian in historical times were twelve in number, an arrangement copied as it was supposed from the constitution of the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ionic School: Encyclopedia - Ionic School
The Ionic School of Ionia was the earliest of the schools of philosophy in Greece. Founded by Thales of Miletus around 600 BC, the promin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clazomenae: Encyclopedia - Clazomenae
Clazomenae (modern Kelisinan), was an ancient town of Ionia and a member of the Ionian Dodecapolis (Confederation of Twelve Cities), on t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ionic: Encyclopedia - Ionic
Ionic - From ancient Greece Ionic. An Ionian is a member of one of the four great divisions of the ancient Greek people. Ionia is a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thales: Encyclopedia - Thales
Thales (in Greek: Θαλής) of Miletus (ca. 635 BC-543 BC), also known as Thales the Milesian, was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Artemisia: Encyclopedia - Artemisia
Artemisia was the daughter of Lygdamis and was set up as the tyrant of Halicarnassus by the Persians, who were at the time the overlords ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cadmus Of Miletus: Encyclopedia - Cadmus Of Miletus
Cadmus of Miletus, according to some ancient authorities the oldest of the logographi. Modern scholars, who accept this view, assign him ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Religion: Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Religion
Greek religion is the polytheistic religion practiced in ancient Greece in form of cult practices, thus the practical counterpart of Gree...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anaximander: Encyclopedia - Anaximander
Anaximander (Greek: Αναξίμανδρος) (610 BC/609–c. 547 BC) was the second of the physical philosophers of Ionia, a citizen of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece is the term used to describe the Greek-speaking world in ancient times. It refers not only to the geographical peninsula o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ionia County Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Ionia County Michigan - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,503 km² (580 mi²). 1,485 km² (573 mi²) of it is land and 18 km�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ionia County Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Ionia County Michigan - Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 61,518 people, 20,606 households, and 15,145 families residing in the county. The population density...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charites: Encyclopedia Ii - Charites - Regional Differences
Although the Graces usually numbered three, according to the Spartans, Cleta, not Thalia, was the third, and other Graces are sometimes m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Apelles: Encyclopedia Ii - Apelles - Biography
Probably born at Colophon in Ionia, he first studied under Ephorus of Ephesus, but after he had attained some celebrity he became a stude...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mopsus: Encyclopedia Ii - Mopsus - Mopsus Son Of Manto And Rhacius Or Apollo
Mopsus, a celebrated prophet, son of Manto and Rhacius or Apollo. He officiated at the altars of Apollo at Claros; and from his unerring ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Cnidus: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Cnidus - Prelude
In 394 BC, Agesilaus of Sparta and his army were recalled from Ionia to the Greek mainland to help fight the Corinthian War. The Spartan ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Grand Ledge Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Grand Ledge Michigan - Education
Education in Grand Ledge is of much pride to the population, the district was established in 1886 and is very much a part of the communit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Peace Of Antalcidas: Encyclopedia Ii - Peace Of Antalcidas - Effects
The single greatest effect of the Peace of Antalcidas was the return of firm Persian control to Ionia and parts of the Aegean. Driven bac...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Mycale: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Mycale - The Battle
Hearing of the Greek's approach, the Persians in Samos decide to face them on land. They sailed to the nearly peninsula of Mycale just to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thales: Encyclopedia Ii - Thales - Life
Thales lived in the city of Miletus, in Ionia, now western Turkey. According to Herodotus, he was of Phoenician descent. It was said that...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Iran Naming Dispute: Encyclopedia Ii - Iran Naming Dispute - Etymology Of 'persia'
Since 600 BC, Greeks used the name Persis for Persia / Iran. Persis was taken from Old Persian Pars or Parsa - the name of Cyrus's main c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lydia: Encyclopedia Ii - Lydia - Geography
The boundaries of Lydia varied across the centuries. It was first bounded by Mysia, Caria, Phrygia and Ionia. Later on, the military powe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient History Of Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient History Of Cyprus - Persian Period
After the Persian defeat, the Greeks mounted various expeditions against Cyprus in order to liberate it from the Persian yoke, but all th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Western Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Western Philosophy - Brief Timeline
History of Western philosophy - Ancient philosophy. Philosophy is generally said to begin in the Greek cities of western Asia Minor (Io...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Harpagus: Encyclopedia Ii - Harpagus - Military Career
Harpagus was the one who suggested using camels as the front line against the Lydians in the war against Croesus, thereby scattering the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clinton County Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Clinton County Michigan - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,488 km² (575 mi²). 1,480 km² (571 mi²) of it is land and 8 km²...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kent County Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Kent County Michigan - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,259 km² (872 mi²). 2,217 km² (856 mi²) of it is land and 41 km�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars
In Ionia (the modern Aegean coast of Turkey) the Greek cities, which included great centres such as Miletus and Halicarnassus, were unabl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gratiot County Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - Gratiot County Michigan - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,480 km² (572 mi²). 1,477 km² (570 mi²) of it is land and 4 km²...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Persian Wars
In Ionia (the modern Aegean coast of Turkey) the Greek cities, which included great centres such as Miletus and Halicarnassus, were unabl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lyman County South Dakota: Encyclopedia Ii - Lyman County South Dakota - Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 4,421 km² (1,707 mi²). 4,247 km² (1,640 mi²) of it is land and 17...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anaxagoras: Encyclopedia - Anaxagoras
Anaxagoras (c. 500 BCE–428 BCE) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who was likely born about 500 BCE (Apollodorus ap. Diog. Laert. ii...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Ionian, Ionic School: Spiritual - Theosophy Dictionary On Ionian, Ionic School
Ionian or Ionic School A school of Greek philosophers of the 5th and 6th centuries BC in Ionia, considered to have been founded by Tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sibyl: Encyclopedia - Sibyl
The word sibyl comes (via Latin) from the Greek word sibylla, meaning prophetess. The earlier oracular seeresses known as the sibyls of a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 191 Bc: Encyclopedia - 191 Bc
Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC - 190s BC - 180s BC 170s BC ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Plataea: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Plataea - Battle
Mardonius fortified the Asopus river in Boeotia, hoping that the Greeks would be unable to unite against him. However, the Athenians sent...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Coinage: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Coinage - Hellenistic Period
The Hellenistic period was characterised by the spread of Greek culture across a large part of the known world. Greek-speaking kingdoms w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Society
The distinguishing features of ancient Greek society were the division between free and slave, the differing roles of men and women, the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anaximander: Encyclopedia Ii - Anaximander - Cosmology And The Apeiron
Anaximander's reputation is due mainly to a cosmological work, little of which remains. From the few extant fragments, we learn that he b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Corinth: Encyclopedia Ii - Corinth - History
Corinth - Prehistoric era. The city was founded in the Neolithic Age, circa 6000 BC. According to myth, the city was founded by Corinth...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geometry: Encyclopedia Ii - Geometry - The Greek Period C. 600 B.c. – 600 A.d.
The Greek Period must be considered in detail, since geometry, for most of its history, was what the Greeks made it. For the Ancient Gree...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Greeks - Identity Of The Greek People
Greeks - Classical and Roman. Herodotus states that the Athenians declared, before the battle of Plataea, that they would not go over t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thales: Encyclopedia Ii - Thales - Theories And Influence
Before Thales, the Greeks explained the origin and nature of the world through myths of anthropomorphic gods and heroes. Phenomena like l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hadrian: Encyclopedia Ii - Hadrian - Hadrian's Travels
Much of Hadrian's reign was spent traveling. Even prior to becoming Emperor, he had travelled abroad with the Roman military, giving him ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sibyl: Encyclopedia Ii - Sibyl - The Number Of Sibyls
Like Heraclitus, Plato speaks of only one Sibyl, but in course of time the number increased to nine, with a tenth, the Tiburtine Sibyl, p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cimmerians: Encyclopedia Ii - Cimmerians - Historical Accounts
The first historical record of the Cimmerians appears in Assyrian annals in the year 714 BC. These describe how a people termed the Gimir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Cyprus - History
Cyprus - Prehistoric and Ancient Cyprus. Main article: Cyprus (Prehistory), Ancient history of Cyprus There are but scanty traces of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Religion - Overview
It is perhaps misleading to speak of "Greek religion" as a unified system of dogma or ritual; perhaps the most conspicuous aspect of the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Hellenes Έλληνες
During the era of the Trojan War, the Hellenes were a relatively small but vigorous tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, centralized along ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - General Names Of Greece
In most European languages, and in languages that have borrowed the name from one of these, the name of Greece has a common "gr" initial:...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Greeks - History Of The Greeks
The history of the Greek people is closely associated with the history of Greece itself. While Greeks have migrated away from Greece for ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Cyprus - Education
Cyprus has a well-developed system of primary and secondary education offering both public and private education. Unlike in other countri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Cyprus - Demographics
Greek and Turkish Cypriots share many customs but maintain their ethnicity based on religion, language, and close ties with their respect...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Greeks - Names Used For The Greek People
Main Article: Names of the Greeks. Throughout the centuries, the Greeks have been known by a number of names, including: Hellenes (Έλ�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Achaeans Αχαιοί
In Homer's Iliad, the Greek allied forces are described under three different names, often used interchangeably: Argives (in Greek: Argit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Greeks - Greeks Around The World
Outside Greece and Cyprus, large Greek communities can be found in a number of countries: United States: 1,153,295 (self-reported herita...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Greeks - Footnotes
1In Greek: homoglosson (ὁμόγλωσσον) + 2In Greek: homaimon (ὅμαιμον) 3Compare the Christian Greek and Demotic term omot...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Hellene Comes To Mean Pagan
The name Hellene came to mean "pagan" in the first Christian centuries and retained that meaning until the end of the millennium, during ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hadrian: Encyclopedia Ii - Hadrian - Early Life
Hadrian was born in Italica, Baetica, which today is near modern Seville, Spain. He was the son of the prominent Baetican Publius Hadrian...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Coinage: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Coinage - Technique
All Greek coins were hand-made, rather than milled as modern coins are. The design for the obverse was carved (in reverse) into a block o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hadrian: Encyclopedia Ii - Hadrian - Securing Power
Hadrian quickly secured the support of the legions - one potential opponent, Lusius Quietus, was instantly dismissed[5]. The Senate's end...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hadrian: Encyclopedia Ii - Hadrian - Hadrian And The Military
Despite his own excellence as a military administrator, Hadrian's reign was marked by a general lack of major military conflicts. He surr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hadrian: Encyclopedia Ii - Hadrian - Cultural Pursuits And Patronage
Above all Hadrian patronized the arts: Hadrian's Villa at Tibur (Tivoli) was the greatest Roman example of an Alexandrian garden, recreat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Coinage: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Coinage - Classical Period
The "Classical period" saw Greek coinage reach a high level of technical and aesthetic quality. Larger cities now produced a range of fin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Coinage: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Coinage - Archaic Period
In the "Archaic period" coins were fairly crude by later standards. They were mostly small bean-shaped lumps of gold or silver, stamped w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Romans Ρωμαίοι And Romioi Ρωμιοί
Romans is the political name by which the Greeks were known during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The name originally signified the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Cyprus - Economy
Economic affairs in Cyprus are dominated by the division of the country due to the Turkish occupation of the north part of the island. Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Revival In The Meaning Of Hellene
The secular use of Hellene revived in the 9th century, after paganism had been eclipsed and was no longer a threat to Christianity's domi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Hellenic Continuity And Byzantine Consciousness
The "Byzantines" did not only refer to themselves as Romioi in order to retain both their Roman citizenship and their ancient Hellenic he...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Contest Between Hellene Roman And Greek
After the fall of the Byzantine Empire and during the Ottoman occupation a fierce ideological battle ensued regarding the three rival nat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Names Of The Greeks: Encyclopedia Ii - Names Of The Greeks - Greeks Γραικοί Yunani Ίωνες And Yavan יָוָן
The modern English word Greek is derived from Latin Graecus, which in turn comes from Greek Γραικός (Graikos), the name of a Boeot...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Religion - Worship
The most widespread public act of worship in ancient Greece was sacrifice, whether of grain or the blood sacrifice of animals. The temple...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Conquests Of Alexander
Philip was succeeded by his 20-year-old son Alexander, who immediately set out to carry out his father's plans. He travelled to Corinth w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Rise Of Macedon
The Kingdom of Macedon was formed in the 7th century BC out of northern Greek tribes. They played little part in Greek politics before th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Religion - Theology
Theology did not come naturally to a faith this diverse and essentially local. At the time of the Homeric epics, the Greeks were familiar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Religion - Suppression Of Paganism
In the late 4th century, the Imperial courts were predominantly Christian; Christianity had relatively few internal quarrels; and a deep ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greek Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greek Religion - Revival Of Paganism
Many neo-pagan religious paths, such as Wicca, use aspects of ancient Greek religions in their practice; Hellenic polytheism focuses excl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Spartan And Theban Dominance
The end of the Peloponnesian War left Sparta the master of Greece, but the narrow outlook of the Spartan warrior elite did not suit them ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Dominance Of Athens
The Persian Wars ushered in a century of Athenian dominance of Greek affairs. Athens was the unchallenged master of the sea, and also the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thales: Encyclopedia Ii - Thales - Sources
Most of our sources for information on the Miletian philosophers (Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes) are the works of much later writer...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sibyl: Encyclopedia Ii - Sibyl - The Later Sibyls
The Sibyls were also represented in publicly available art. Michelangelo fixed our image of the sibyls forever, in his powerful represent...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Origins
The Greeks are believed to have migrated southward into the Balkan peninsula in several waves beginning in the late 3rd millennium BC, th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Rise Of Hellas
In the 8th century BC Greece began to emerge from the Dark Ages which followed the fall of the Mycenaean civilization. Literacy had been ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - Social And Political Conflict
The Greek cities were originally monarchies, although many of them were very small and the term "King" (basileus) for their rulers is mis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ancient Greece: Encyclopedia Ii - Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War
In 431 BC war broke out again between Athens and Sparta and its allies. The proximate cause was a dispute between Corinth and one of its ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Apelles: Encyclopedia Ii - Apelles - Works
Apelles' paintings (none of which survive) include: Alexander wielding a thunderbolt, one of the many he did of both Alexander and his f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geometry: Encyclopedia Ii - Geometry - The Late 18th And 19th Centuries
Geometry - Non-Euclidean geometry. The old problem of proving Euclid’s Fifth Postulate, the "Parallel Postulate", from his first four...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geometry: Encyclopedia Ii - Geometry - The 17th And Early 18th Centuries
In the early 17th century, there were two important developments in geometry. The first and most important was the creation of analytic g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anaximander: Encyclopedia Ii - Anaximander - Known Works
On Nature, circa ? Subject  Philosophy Referenced in  Simplicius in Phys., p. 24, 13sq. Authenticity  Likely Ma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Cyprus - Terminology
The name Cyprus has a somewhat uncertain etymology. One suggestion is that it comes from the Greek word "κυπάρισσος (kypa'risso...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Cyprus - Geography
Cyprus is geographically close to the Middle East (see also Southwest Asia and Near East) and due to the island's geographic proximity is...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geometry: Encyclopedia Ii - Geometry - The Middle Ages Renaissance And Reformation
The great library of Alexandria was burned. There is a growing consensus among historians that the Library of Alexandria likely suffered ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Geometry: Encyclopedia Ii - Geometry - The Earliest Geometry
The earliest recorded beginnings of geometry may be traced to Ancient Egypt (see geometry in Egypt) and Ancient Babylon (see Babylonian m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charites: Encyclopedia Ii - Charites - In Art
On the representation of the Graces, Pausanias wrote, "Who it was who first represented the Graces naked, whether in sculpture or in pai...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cimmerians: Encyclopedia Ii - Cimmerians - Origins
Their origins are obscure, but they are believed to have been Indo-European. Their language is regarded as being related to either Thraci...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cimmerians: Encyclopedia Ii - Cimmerians - Language
Of the language of the Cimmerians, only a few personal names have survived in Assyrian inscriptions: Te-ush-pa, mentioned in the annals ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cimmerians: Encyclopedia Ii - Cimmerians - Possible Offshoots
The Cimmerians are thought to have had a number of offshoots. The Thracians have been identified as a possible western branch of the Cimm...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cyprus: Encyclopedia Ii - Cyprus - Politics
After independence Cyprus became a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement despite all three guarantor powers (Greece, Turkey and the...   » Read the article