Infectious disease

The World Health Organization collects information on global deaths by International Classification of Disease (ICD) code categories. The following table lists the top infectious disease killers which caused more than 100,000 deaths in 2002 (estimated). 1993 data is also included for comparison. Lower respiratory infections HIV/AIDS Diarrheal diseases Tuberculosis (TB) Malaria Measles Pertussis ...

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Infectious disease, Infectious disease - Basics, Infectious disease - Agents and vectors, Infectious disease - Mortality from infectious diseases, Infectious disease - Historic pandemics, Infectious disease - New diseases and pandemics, Infectious disease - Diagnosis and therapy, Infectious disease - Diagnosis, Infectious disease - Therapy, Infectious disease - History, Infectious disease - External link

Read more here: » Infectious disease: Encyclopedia II - Infectious disease - Mortality from infectious diseases

In public health, a big killer is a disease or other major cause of loss of human life. For big killers of the past, see pandemics. Big killer - United States deaths. Ten Leading Causes of Death in the United States in the year 2001: Heart disease: 700,142 Cancer: 553,768 Stroke: 163,538 Chronic lower respiratory disease: 123,013 Accidents: 101,537 (includes 38,754 traffic fatalities and estimated 44,000 or more medical errors) ...

Including:

• Big killer - United States deaths
• Big killer - World Health Organization deaths
• Big killer - By disease conditions
• Big killer - By category

Read more here: » Big killer: Encyclopedia - Big killer

Transmission medicine - Droplet contact. Also known as the respiratory route, it is a typical mode of transmission among many infectious agents. If an infected person coughs or sneezes on another person the microorganisms, suspended in warm, moist droplets, may enter the body through the nose, mouth or eye surfaces. Diseases that are commonly spread by coughing or sneezing include (at least): Bacterial Meningitis Chickenpox Common cold Influenza Mumps Strep throat Tuberculosis Whooping cough < ...

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Transmission medicine, Transmission medicine - Transmission symptoms and survival, Transmission medicine - Routes of transmission, Transmission medicine - Droplet contact, Transmission medicine - Fecal-oral transmission, Transmission medicine - Sexual transmission, Transmission medicine - Oral transmission, Transmission medicine - Transmission by direct contact, Transmission medicine - Vertical transmission, Transmission medicine - Iatrogenic transmission, Transmission medicine - The importance of routes of transmission

Read more here: » Transmission medicine: Encyclopedia II - Transmission medicine - Routes of transmission

2002 Big killer - By disease conditions. Ischaemic heart disease 7,208,000 13% Cerebrovascular disease 5,509,000 10% Lower respiratory infections 3,884,000 7% HIV/AIDS 2,777,000 5% Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2,748,000 5% Perinatal conditions (low birthweight, birth asphyxia, birth trauma) 2,462,000 4% Diarrhoeal diseases 1,798,000 3% Tuberculosis 1,566,000 3% Malaria 1,272,000 2% Trachea/broncus/lung cancers 1 ...

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Big killer, Big killer - United States deaths, Big killer - World Health Organization deaths, Big killer - By disease conditions, Big killer - By category

Read more here: » Big killer: Encyclopedia II - Big killer - World Health Organization deaths

The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar. Common usage sometimes regards it as lasting from 1900 to 1999. The 20th century is also sometimes known as the nineteen hundreds (1900s). However, a number of arguments have been used to justify the common usage. One advanced by Stephen Jay Gould is that the first decade had only nine years, thus contradicting the definition of decade equaled 10 years. Another argument is that the astronomical year numbering system for years does have a year zero, the ...

Including:

• 20th century - Overview
• 20th century - Important developments events and achievements
• 20th century - Science and technology
• 20th century - Wars and politics
• 20th century - Culture and entertainment
• 20th century - Disease and medicine
• 20th century - Natural resources and the environment
• 20th century - Significant people
• 20th century - World leaders
• 20th century - Scientists
• 20th century - Humanities
• 20th century - Business
• 20th century - Aerospace pioneers
• 20th century - Spiritual figures
• 20th century - Artists
• 20th century - Music
• 20th century - Film
• 20th century - Writers and poets
• 20th century - Sports figures
• 20th century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 20th century: Encyclopedia - 20th century

The route of transmission is important to epidemiologists because patterns of contact vary between different populations and different groups of populations depending on socio-economic, cultural and other features. For example, low personal and food hygiene due to the lack of a clean water supply may result in increased transmission of diseases by the fecal-oral route, such as cholera. Differences in incidence of such diseases between different groups can also throw light on the routes of transmission of the disease. For example, if it is no ...

See also:

Transmission medicine, Transmission medicine - Transmission symptoms and survival, Transmission medicine - Routes of transmission, Transmission medicine - Droplet contact, Transmission medicine - Fecal-oral transmission, Transmission medicine - Sexual transmission, Transmission medicine - Oral transmission, Transmission medicine - Transmission by direct contact, Transmission medicine - Vertical transmission, Transmission medicine - Iatrogenic transmission, Transmission medicine - The importance of routes of transmission

Read more here: » Transmission medicine: Encyclopedia II - Transmission medicine - The importance of routes of transmission

Ten Leading Causes of Death in the United States in the year 2001: Heart disease: 700,142 Cancer: 553,768 Stroke: 163,538 Chronic lower respiratory disease: 123,013 Accidents: 101,537 (includes 38,754 traffic fatalities and estimated 44,000 or more medical errors) Diabetes: 71,372 Pneumonia and Influenza: 62,034 Alzheimer's disease: 53,852 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and n ...

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Big killer, Big killer - United States deaths, Big killer - World Health Organization deaths, Big killer - By disease conditions, Big killer - By category

Read more here: » Big killer: Encyclopedia II - Big killer - United States deaths

In order to survive, microorganisms that require human hosts must have a way to be transmitted from one host to another. Infectious agents are generally specialised for a particular method of transmission. Taking an example from the respiratory route, from an evolutionary perspective a virus or bacteria that causes its host to develop coughing and sneezing symptoms has a great survival advantage - it is much more likely to be ejected from one host and carried to another. Th ...

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Transmission medicine, Transmission medicine - Transmission symptoms and survival, Transmission medicine - Routes of transmission, Transmission medicine - Droplet contact, Transmission medicine - Fecal-oral transmission, Transmission medicine - Sexual transmission, Transmission medicine - Oral transmission, Transmission medicine - Transmission by direct contact, Transmission medicine - Vertical transmission, Transmission medicine - Iatrogenic transmission, Transmission medicine - The importance of routes of transmission

Read more here: » Transmission medicine: Encyclopedia II - Transmission medicine - Transmission symptoms and survival

20th century - World leaders. Africa Gnassingbe Eyadema, Togo Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Côte d'Ivoire Kenneth Kaunda, Zambia Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya Idi Amin, Uganda Nelson Mandela, South Africa Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe Gamal Abdal Nasser, Egypt Kwame Nkrumah, Ghana Julius Nyerere, Tanzania Habib Bourguiba, Tunisia Muammar al-Qaddafi, Libya Haile Selassie, Ethiopia Léopold Sédar Sengh ...

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20th century, 20th century - Overview, 20th century - Important developments events and achievements, 20th century - Science and technology, 20th century - Wars and politics, 20th century - Culture and entertainment, 20th century - Disease and medicine, 20th century - Natural resources and the environment, 20th century - Significant people, 20th century - World leaders, 20th century - Scientists, 20th century - Humanities, 20th century - Business, 20th century - Aerospace pioneers, 20th century - Spiritual figures, 20th century - Artists, 20th century - Music, 20th century - Film, 20th century - Writers and poets, 20th century - Sports figures, 20th century - Decades and years

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Doctors of internal medicine may be referred to by several terms, including "internists," "general internists" and "doctors of internal medicine." They are not to be confused with "interns," who are doctors in their first year of residency training. Although internists may act as primary care physicians, they are not "family physicians," "family practitioners," or "general practitioners," whose training is not solely concentrated on adults and may include surgery, obstetrics and pediatrics. They practice medicine from a primary care pers ...

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Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of Internal Medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of Diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Definition of an internist

Doctors of internal medicine may be referred to by several terms, including "internists," "general internists" and "doctors of internal medicine." They are not to be confused with "interns," who are doctors in their first year of residency training. Although internists may act as primary care physicians, they are not "family physicians," "family practitioners," or "general practitioners," whose training is not solely concentrated on adults and may include surgery, obstetrics and pediatrics. General internists practice medicine from a primary care pers ...

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Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of internal medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Definition of an internist

20th century - Science and technology. The assembly line and mass production of motor vehicles and other goods allowed manufacturers to produce more and cheaper products. This allowed the automobile to become the most important means of transportation. The invention of heavier-than-air flying machines and the jet engine allowed for the world to become "smaller". Space flight increased knowledge of the rest of the universe and allowed for global real-time communications via geosynchronous satellites ...

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20th century, 20th century - Overview, 20th century - Important developments, events and achievements, 20th century - Science and technology, 20th century - Wars and politics, 20th century - Culture and entertainment, 20th century - Disease and medicine, 20th century - Natural resources and the environment, 20th century - Significant people, 20th century - World leaders, 20th century - Scientists, 20th century - Humanities, 20th century - Business, 20th century - Aerospace pioneers, 20th century - Spiritual figures, 20th century - Artists, 20th century - Music, 20th century - Film, 20th century - Writers and poets, 20th century - Sports figures, 20th century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 20th century: Encyclopedia II - 20th century - Important developments, events and achievements

The main tools of the doctor are the medical history and the physical examination, but this holds particularly true for internal medicine. Subtle descriptions of disease (e.g. cyclic shallow and deep breathing, as in Cheyne-Stokes's respiration, or persistently deep breathing as in Kussmaul's) or physical signs (e.g. clubbing in many internal diseases) are important tools in guiding the diagnostic process. In the medical history, the "Review of Systems" serves to pick up symptoms of disease that a patient might not normally have mentioned, and the ...

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Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of internal medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Principles of diagnosis

Internists can choose to focus their practice on general internal medicine, or may take additional training to "subspecialize" in one of 13 areas of internal medicine, generally organized by organ system. Cardiologists, for example, are doctors of internal medicine who subspecialize in diseases of the heart. The training an internist receives to subspecialize in a particular medical area is both broad and deep. Subspecialty training (often called a "fellowship") usually requires an additional one to three years beyond the standard three year general internal medicine residen ...

See also:

Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of internal medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Subspecialties of internal medicine

The main tools of the doctor are the medical history and the physical examination, but this holds particularly true for internal medicine. Subtle descriptions of disease (e.g. cyclic shallow and deep breathing, as in Cheyne-Stokes's respiration, or persistently deep breathing as in Kussmaul's) or physical signs (e.g. clubbing in many internal diseases) are important tools in guiding the diagnostic process. In the medical history, the "Review of Systems" serves to pick up symptoms of disease that a patient might not normally have mentioned, and the ...

See also:

Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of Internal Medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of Diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Principles of Diagnosis

Internists can choose to focus their practice on general internal medicine, or may take additional training to "subspecialize" in one of 13 areas of internal medicine, generally organized by organ system. Cardiologists, for example, are doctors of internal medicine who subspecialize in diseases of the heart. The training an internist receives to subspecialize in a particular medical area is both broad and deep. Subspecialty training (often called a "fellowship") usually requires an additional one to three years beyond the standard three year general internal medicine residen ...

See also:

Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of Internal Medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of Diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Subspecialties of Internal Medicine

The twentieth century saw a remarkable shift in the way that vast numbers of people lived, as a result of technological, medical, social, ideological, and political innovations. Terms like ideology, world war, genocide, and nuclear war entered common usage and became an influence on the lives of everyday people. War reached an unprecedented scale and level of sophistication; in the Second World War (1939-1945) alone, approximately 57 million people died, mainly due to massive improvements in weaponry. The trends of mechanization of goods and ...

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20th century, 20th century - Overview, 20th century - Important developments events and achievements, 20th century - Science and technology, 20th century - Wars and politics, 20th century - Culture and entertainment, 20th century - Disease and medicine, 20th century - Natural resources and the environment, 20th century - Significant people, 20th century - World leaders, 20th century - Scientists, 20th century - Humanities, 20th century - Business, 20th century - Aerospace pioneers, 20th century - Spiritual figures, 20th century - Artists, 20th century - Music, 20th century - Film, 20th century - Writers and poets, 20th century - Sports figures, 20th century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 20th century: Encyclopedia II - 20th century - Overview

20th century - Science and technology. The assembly line and mass production of motor vehicles and other goods allowed manufacturers to produce more and cheaper products. This allowed the automobile to become the most important means of transportation. The invention of heavier-than-air flying machines and the jet engine allowed for the world to become "smaller". Space flight increased knowledge of the rest of the universe and allowed for global real-time communications via geosynchronous satellites ...

See also:

20th century, 20th century - Overview, 20th century - Important developments events and achievements, 20th century - Science and technology, 20th century - Wars and politics, 20th century - Culture and entertainment, 20th century - Disease and medicine, 20th century - Natural resources and the environment, 20th century - Significant people, 20th century - World leaders, 20th century - Scientists, 20th century - Humanities, 20th century - Business, 20th century - Aerospace pioneers, 20th century - Spiritual figures, 20th century - Artists, 20th century - Music, 20th century - Film, 20th century - Writers and poets, 20th century - Sports figures, 20th century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 20th century: Encyclopedia II - 20th century - Important developments events and achievements

Infectious diseases are mostly caused by tiny microorganisms, often called microbes, that are invisible to the naked eye. Microbes that cause illness are also known as pathogens. The most common pathogens are various bacteria and viruses, though a number of other microorganisms, including some kinds of fungi and protozoa, also cause disease. An infectious disease is termed contagious if it is e ...

See also:

Infectious disease, Infectious disease - Basics, Infectious disease - Agents and vectors, Infectious disease - Mortality from infectious diseases, Infectious disease - Historic pandemics, Infectious disease - New diseases and pandemics, Infectious disease - Diagnosis and therapy, Infectious disease - Diagnosis, Infectious disease - Therapy, Infectious disease - History, Infectious disease - External link

Read more here: » Infectious disease: Encyclopedia II - Infectious disease - Basics

The field of infectious diseases also occupies itself with the diagnosis and therapy of infection. Infectious disease - Diagnosis. Diagnosis is initially by medical history and physical examination, and imaging (such as X-rays), but the principal tool in infectious disease is the microbiological culture. In a culture, a growth medium is provided for a particular agent. After inoculation of a specimen of diseased fluid or tissue onto the medium, it is determined whether bacterial growth occurs. This works for a numb ...

See also:

Infectious disease, Infectious disease - Basics, Infectious disease - Agents and vectors, Infectious disease - Mortality from infectious diseases, Infectious disease - Historic pandemics, Infectious disease - New diseases and pandemics, Infectious disease - Diagnosis and therapy, Infectious disease - Diagnosis, Infectious disease - Therapy, Infectious disease - History, Infectious disease - External link

Read more here: » Infectious disease: Encyclopedia II - Infectious disease - Diagnosis and therapy