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Indo-Aryans | A Wisdom Archive on Indo-Aryans | | Indo-Aryans A selection of articles related to Indo-Aryans | |
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indo-aryans, Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Ancient India, Indo-Aryans - Contemporary Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryans - Vedic Aryans, Indo-Aryans - pre-Vedic Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Historic, Indo-Aryans - Present-day Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Roma and Sinti, Indo-Aryans - South Asia, Aryan, Arya, Aryavarta, Aryan Race, Indo-Aryan migration, Dasa, Indo-European
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Indo-Aryans | |
| | |  Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryans - Indo-Aryan peoples
Indo-Aryans - Historic.
Mitanni
Vedic Aryans
Kurus
Licchavis
Gandharis (During the Mahabharata period the present Kandahar province of Afghanistan used to be called as Gandhar)
Shakya
Magadhis
Kambojas (Originally Iranian, later Indianized)
Andhras?
Angas
Kasis
Kalingas?
Indo-Aryans - Present-day Indo-Aryans.
Gujaratis
Jats
Punjabis
Ra ...
See also:Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - pre-Vedic Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Vedic Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Ancient India, Indo-Aryans - Contemporary Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - South Asia, Indo-Aryans - Roma and Sinti, Indo-Aryans - Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryans - Historic, Indo-Aryans - Present-day Indo-Aryans Read more here: » Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryans - Indo-Aryan peoples |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryans - Contemporary Indo-Aryans Contemporary speakers of Indo-Aryan languages are spread over most of the northern Indian Subcontinent. The largest group are the speakers of the Hindi and Urdu dialects of the Republic of India and Pakistan, together with other dialects also grouped as Hindustani, numbering at roughly half a billion native speakers, constituting the largest community of speakers of any Indo-European language. Other Indo-Aryan communities are in Nepal, Bangladesh, the disputed territories of Kashmir, and parts of Afghanistan. Of the 23 national languages of ...
See also:Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - pre-Vedic Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Vedic Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Ancient India, Indo-Aryans - Contemporary Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - South Asia, Indo-Aryans - Roma and Sinti, Indo-Aryans - Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryans - Historic, Indo-Aryans - Present-day Indo-Aryans Read more here: » Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryans - Contemporary Indo-Aryans |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - History of the Punjab - Indo-Aryans Main articles: Aryan invasion theory, Vedic civilization
Factors in the civilization's decline likely included a change in weather patterns and unsustainable urbanization (i.e., without any rural agricultural production base). Another factor is reported to be the series of migrations along with raids by the Aryans from the northwest (roughly 1700-1500 BCE, see Indo-Iranians). The next one thousand years of the history of the Punjab (1500 BCE up to 500 BCE) is dominated by the Indo-Aryans and their interactions with the Natives of the Indus basin.
< ...
See also:History of the Punjab, History of the Punjab - Introduction, History of the Punjab - Indo-Aryans, History of the Punjab - Vedic Punjab, History of the Punjab - Epic Punjab, History of the Punjab - Paninian Punjab, History of the Punjab - Persian Domination, History of the Punjab - Alexander's Invasion and the Indo-Greek kingdoms, History of the Punjab - Sakas Kushanas and Hephthalites, History of the Punjab - Muslim invasions and the Shahi Kingdom, History of the Punjab - The Delhi Sultanate and Mughal empire, History of the Punjab - The Rise of Sikh Power, History of the Punjab - The British in Punjab, History of the Punjab - The Punjab of India and Pakistan, History of the Punjab - Punjab History Timeline Read more here: » History of the Punjab: Encyclopedia II - History of the Punjab - Indo-Aryans |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryans - pre-Vedic Indo-Aryans The separation of Indo-Aryans proper from Proto-Indo-Iranians is commonly dated, on linguistic grounds, to roughly 1800 BC. The Nuristani languages probably split in such early times, and are either classified as remote Indo-Aryan dialects, or as an independent branch of Indo-Iranian. It is believed that by 1500 BC, Indo-Aryans had reached Assyria in the west and the Punjab in the east.
The spread of Indo-Aryan languages has been connected with the spread of the chariot in the first half of the second millennium BC. Some scholars trac ...
See also:Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - pre-Vedic Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Vedic Aryans, Indo-Aryans - Ancient India, Indo-Aryans - Contemporary Indo-Aryans, Indo-Aryans - South Asia, Indo-Aryans - Roma and Sinti, Indo-Aryans - Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryans - Historic, Indo-Aryans - Present-day Indo-Aryans Read more here: » Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryans - pre-Vedic Indo-Aryans |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Aryan - Proto-Indo-European Max Müller and other 19th century linguists (see also Indo-European studies) theorised that the term *arya was used as the self-description of the Proto-Indo-Europeans.
The nomadic Iranians of the north western steppes, however, especially those settled in Europe, are extensively covered by the classical writers; they are also attested in a very large number of archaeological excavations in Eastern Europe; these Iranian peoples are known in the West as Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Alans, and finally Ossets; it must be em ...
See also:Aryan, Aryan - Etymology and History of the Term, Aryan - Proto-Indo-European, Aryan - Indo-Iranian, Aryan - Indo-Aryan, Aryan - Iranian, Aryan - Racist connotations Read more here: » Aryan: Encyclopedia II - Aryan - Proto-Indo-European |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Overview The separation of Indo-Aryans proper from Proto-Indo-Iranians has been dated to roughly 2000 BC–1800 BC. The Nuristani languages probably split in such early times, and are either classified as remote Indo-Aryan dialects, or as an independent branch of Indo-Iranian. It is believed Indo-Aryans reached Assyria in the west and the Punjab in the east before 1500 BC: the Indo-Aryan Mitanni rulers appear from 1500, and the Gandhara grave culture emerges from 1600. This suggests that Indo-Aryan tribes would have had to be present in the area of t ...
See also:Indo-Aryan migration, Indo-Aryan migration - Overview, Indo-Aryan migration - History, Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics, Indo-Aryan migration - Philology, Indo-Aryan migration - Rig Veda, Indo-Aryan migration - Vedic and Puranic King lists, Indo-Aryan migration - Puranas, Indo-Aryan migration - Avesta and Airyanem Vaejah, Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology, Indo-Aryan migration - Indus Valley Civilization, Indo-Aryan migration - Vasishta head, Indo-Aryan migration - Pottery, Indo-Aryan migration - West Asia, Indo-Aryan migration - Astronomical data, Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology, Indo-Aryan migration - Genetics and Archaeogenetics Read more here: » Indo-Aryan migration: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Overview |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology The Indo-Aryans were nomadic or at least peripatetic, following their herds of cows around from pasture to pasture. Consequently they had no permanent settlements; the RgVeda only mentions temporary huts. These leave no archaeological record. So it is only to be expected that the migrations left no archaeological traces. The Huns are a comparable instance. No one doubts that the Huns actually invaded parts of western Europe on more than one occasion. Yet -- because the Huns were nomads -- they left no archaeological ...
See also:Indo-Aryan migration, Indo-Aryan migration - Overview, Indo-Aryan migration - History, Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics, Indo-Aryan migration - Philology, Indo-Aryan migration - Rig Veda, Indo-Aryan migration - Vedic and Puranic King lists, Indo-Aryan migration - Puranas, Indo-Aryan migration - Avesta and Airyanem Vaejah, Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology, Indo-Aryan migration - Indus Valley Civilization, Indo-Aryan migration - Vasishta head, Indo-Aryan migration - Pottery, Indo-Aryan migration - West Asia, Indo-Aryan migration - Astronomical data, Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology, Indo-Aryan migration - Genetics and Archaeogenetics Read more here: » Indo-Aryan migration: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - History When British and European language students first encountered Sanskrit in the late 18th century, they naturally assumed Sanskrit was the oldest of the Indo-European languages & the fount of all the others. As the study of language progressed, it became clear -- for very technical reasons -- that this could not be the case: there had existed a still older language (Proto-Indo-European) from which all the Indo-European languages descended. This reconstructed language had clearly come from a temperate climate, north of the Himalayas. Hence the Indo-Aryan language ...
See also:Indo-Aryan migration, Indo-Aryan migration - Overview, Indo-Aryan migration - History, Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics, Indo-Aryan migration - Philology, Indo-Aryan migration - Rig Veda, Indo-Aryan migration - Vedic and Puranic King lists, Indo-Aryan migration - Puranas, Indo-Aryan migration - Avesta and Airyanem Vaejah, Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology, Indo-Aryan migration - Indus Valley Civilization, Indo-Aryan migration - Vasishta head, Indo-Aryan migration - Pottery, Indo-Aryan migration - West Asia, Indo-Aryan migration - Astronomical data, Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology, Indo-Aryan migration - Genetics and Archaeogenetics Read more here: » Indo-Aryan migration: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - History |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics The linguistic facts of the situation are little disputed. However, linguistic data alone cannot determine whether this migration was peaceful or invasive. Different linguists have argued for either, or for a combination of both, on extra-linguistic grounds.
Most of the languages of northern South Asia belong to a single language family, the Indo-Aryan subgroup of the Indo-European family of languages. The languages of South India belong to a different language family, the Dravidian languages, which has not been proven to be linked wi ...
See also:Indo-Aryan migration, Indo-Aryan migration - Overview, Indo-Aryan migration - History, Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics, Indo-Aryan migration - Philology, Indo-Aryan migration - Rig Veda, Indo-Aryan migration - Vedic and Puranic King lists, Indo-Aryan migration - Puranas, Indo-Aryan migration - Avesta and Airyanem Vaejah, Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology, Indo-Aryan migration - Indus Valley Civilization, Indo-Aryan migration - Vasishta head, Indo-Aryan migration - Pottery, Indo-Aryan migration - West Asia, Indo-Aryan migration - Astronomical data, Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology, Indo-Aryan migration - Genetics and Archaeogenetics Read more here: » Indo-Aryan migration: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Philology
Indo-Aryan migration - Rig Veda.
The Rigveda is by far the most archaic testimony of Vedic Sanskrit. It describes a pastoral or nomadic, mobile culture, still centered on the Indo-Iranian Soma cult and fire worship. The purely nomadic and/or pastoral character of the Rig Vedic people is however disputed. The mobile nature of the Vedic religion is illustrated by the laying out of the ritual precinct as part of the ritual, rather than the existence of fixed temples. This holds for the invitation of Indra to the Som ...
See also:Indo-Aryan migration, Indo-Aryan migration - Overview, Indo-Aryan migration - History, Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics, Indo-Aryan migration - Philology, Indo-Aryan migration - Rig Veda, Indo-Aryan migration - Vedic and Puranic King lists, Indo-Aryan migration - Puranas, Indo-Aryan migration - Avesta and Airyanem Vaejah, Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology, Indo-Aryan migration - Indus Valley Civilization, Indo-Aryan migration - Vasishta head, Indo-Aryan migration - Pottery, Indo-Aryan migration - West Asia, Indo-Aryan migration - Astronomical data, Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology, Indo-Aryan migration - Genetics and Archaeogenetics Read more here: » Indo-Aryan migration: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Philology |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology Brian E. Hemphill and Alexander F. Christensen's study (1994) of the migration of genetic traits does not support a movement of Aryan speakers into the Indus Valley around 1500 BC. According to Hemphill's study, "Gene flow from Bactria occurs much later, and does not impact Indus Valley gene pools until the dawn of the Christian era."
Kenneth Kennedy (1984), who examined 300 skeletons from the Indus Valley civilization, concludes that the ancient Harappans “are not markedly different in their skeletal biology from the present ...
See also:Indo-Aryan migration, Indo-Aryan migration - Overview, Indo-Aryan migration - History, Indo-Aryan migration - Linguistics, Indo-Aryan migration - Philology, Indo-Aryan migration - Rig Veda, Indo-Aryan migration - Vedic and Puranic King lists, Indo-Aryan migration - Puranas, Indo-Aryan migration - Avesta and Airyanem Vaejah, Indo-Aryan migration - Archaeology, Indo-Aryan migration - Indus Valley Civilization, Indo-Aryan migration - Vasishta head, Indo-Aryan migration - Pottery, Indo-Aryan migration - West Asia, Indo-Aryan migration - Astronomical data, Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology, Indo-Aryan migration - Genetics and Archaeogenetics Read more here: » Indo-Aryan migration: Encyclopedia II - Indo-Aryan migration - Physical Anthropology |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Further evidence on Kambojas being non-Indo Aryans
Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Mahabharata on Kamboja culture.
Mahabharata speaks of the Yavanas, Kambojas, Darunas etc as the fierce barbarians from Uttarapatha,
Sanskrit:
uttarashchapare mlechchha jana bharatasattama. || 63 ||
Yavanashcha sa Kamboja Daruna mlechchha jatayah. |
— (MBH 6.11.63-64)
and further reckons them among the sinful people, characterised by practices similar to those of chandalas and vultures i.e avaricious and greedy. e.g ...
See also:Language and ethnicity of Kambojas, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Yaska's Nirukata on Kambojas, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Patanjali's Mahabhasaaya on Kambojas, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Dr Ernst Kuhn's views, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Dr Grierson's earlier views, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Bhuridatta Jataka on Kambojas, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Dr Grierson's changed views, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Further evidence on Kambojas being non-Indo Aryans, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Mahabharata on Kamboja culture, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Majjhima Nikaya on Kamboja social customs, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Panini's Ganapatha on Kamboja/Yavana culture, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Kamboja: a non-Brahmanical society, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Devi Bhagawatam & Markandeya Purana evidence, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Some scholarly opinions on Kambojas' ethnicity, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Iranian vs Indian affinities of the Kambojas, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Classical defintion of Scythia/Scythians, Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Scythic vs Indo-Aryan question Read more here: » Language and ethnicity of Kambojas: Encyclopedia II - Language and ethnicity of Kambojas - Further evidence on Kambojas being non-Indo Aryans |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Mitanni - Possible connections to Sanskrit and Indo-Aryans Some scholars try to equate the deities venerated by the Mitanni with Vedic deities, and trace the names used by the aristocracy to Indo-Aryan roots. In a treaty between the Hittites and the Mitanni, the deities Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Nasatya (Ashvins) are invoked. Kikkuli's horse training text includes technical terms such as aika (eka, one), tera (tri, three), panza (pancha, five), satta (sapta, seven), na (nava, nine), vartana (vartana, round). Another ...
See also:Mitanni, Mitanni - Hurri Mitanni/Maitani and Hanilgalbat, Mitanni - History, Mitanni - Unknown rulers, Mitanni - Barattarna / Parshatatar, Mitanni - Shaushtatar, Mitanni - Artatama I and Shuttarna II, Mitanni - Artasshumara, Mitanni - Tushratta, Mitanni - Shattiwazza, Mitanni - Shattuara I, Mitanni - Wasashatta, Mitanni - Shattuara II, Mitanni - Hanilgalbat as an Assyrian Province, Mitanni - Neo-Assyrian times, Mitanni - Possible connections to Sanskrit and Indo-Aryans, Mitanni - Mitanni rulers, Mitanni - Towns, Mitanni - Excavations, Mitanni - Sources Read more here: » Mitanni: Encyclopedia II - Mitanni - Possible connections to Sanskrit and Indo-Aryans |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Mitanni - Possible connections to Sanskrit and Indo-Aryans Some scholars try to equate the deities venerated by the Mitanni with Vedic deities, and trace the names used by the aristocracy to Indo-Aryan roots. In a treaty between the Hittites and the Mitanni, the deities Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Nasatya (Ashvins) are invoked. Kikkuli's horse training text includes technical terms such as aika (eka, one), tera (tri, three), panza (pancha, five), satta (sapta, seven), na (nava, nine), vartana (vartana, round). Another ...
See also:Mitanni, Mitanni - Hurri Mitanni/Maitani and Hanilgalbat, Mitanni - History, Mitanni - Unknown rulers, Mitanni - Barattarna / Parshatatar, Mitanni - Shaushtatar, Mitanni - Artatama I and Shuttarna II, Mitanni - Artasshumara, Mitanni - Tushratta, Mitanni - Shattiwaza, Mitanni - Shattuara I, Mitanni - Wasashatta, Mitanni - Shattuara II, Mitanni - Hanilgalbat as an Assyrian Province, Mitanni - Neo-Assyrian times, Mitanni - Possible connections to Sanskrit and Indo-Aryans, Mitanni - Mitanni rulers, Mitanni - Towns, Mitanni - Excavations, Mitanni - Sources Read more here: » Mitanni: Encyclopedia II - Mitanni - Possible connections to Sanskrit and Indo-Aryans |
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| | | | Indo-Aryans: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Early Indo-Aryans prior to their move to India In the region around what is today Kabul and eastern Afghanistan, an early Indo-Iranian or specifically some early Indo-Aryan culture may have emerged as eastern Afghanistan could possibly have been either the site of the Vedic civilization, that later came to influence and dominate the culture of northern India, or had links to it somewhere to the east either along the Indus or Ganges river valleys.[2] At some point that has yet to be determined, but possibly between 12th to 8th century BCE, Gandhara and Kamboja, two of the sixteen Mahajana ...
See also:Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Prehistory, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Ancient Afghanistan: From the Aryans to the Medes. 1500 BCE - 551 BCE, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Early Indo-Aryans prior to their move to India, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Achaemenid Rule and rise of Zoroastrianism ca. 550 BCE - 331 BCE, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Alexander the Great Seleucid-Mauryan rivalry and Greco-Bactrian Rule 330 BCE - ca. 150 BCE, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - The Kushan Empire ca. 150 BCE - 300 CE, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Sassanian Rule ca. 300 - 650, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - The Shahi Kings ca. 650 - 1013, Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Archaeological remnants from Afghanistan's pre-Islamic period Read more here: » Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan: Encyclopedia II - Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan - Early Indo-Aryans prior to their move to India |
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