Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Viewpoints On Indigenous Societies
A range of differing viewpoints and attitudes have arisen from the experience and history of contact between indigenous and "non-indigeno...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Definitions
An indigene is literally someone or something that is native to or originating from a given place. Therefore, when indigenous is used pur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Indigenous Knowledge And Culture
Indigenous societies possess an often unique body of cultural and environmental knowledge. The preservation and investigation of speciali...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples
The term indigenous peoples has no universal, standard or fixed definition. Several widely-accepted formulations have been put forward by...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas
The scope of this indigenous peoples of the Americas article encompasses the definitions of indigenous peoples and the Americas as establ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Classification Of Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia - Classification Of Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas
Ethnographers commonly classify indigenous peoples in the United States and Canada into ten geographical regions with shared cultural tra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians
The Indigenous Australians are the first inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands, continuing their presence during...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas: Encyclopedia - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas
Indigenous languages of the Americas (or Amerindian Languages) are spoken by indigenous peoples from the southern tip of South America to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy
Bioregional democracy (or the Bioregional State) is a set of electoral reforms designed to force the political process in a democracy to ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Treaty: Encyclopedia - Treaty
A treaty is a binding agreement under international law concluded by subjects of international law, namely states and international organ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Historical Indigenous Cultures
The migration, expansion and settlement of societies throughout different territories is a universal, almost defining thread which runs t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Early Hinduism: Encyclopedia - History Of Early Hinduism
Please remove this notice after the article has been expanded. Details are on this talk page or at Wikipedia:Requests for expansion. The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Representation
The rights, claims and even identity of indigenous peoples are apprehended, acknowledged and observed quite differently from government t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Characteristics Of Indigenous Peoples: Overview
Indigenous peoples - Population and distribution. Indigenous societies range from those who have been significantly exposed to the colo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Contemporary Distribution And Survey
Indigenous populations are distributed in regions throughout the globe. The numbers, condition and experience of indigenous groups may va...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Mexico
The territory of modern-day Mexico was home to numerous indigenous civilizations prior to the arrival of the European conquistadors: The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Statistics On Indigenous Populations
The following table gives the percentage of the population of each country that is comprised by indigenous peoples, and of people with pa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Indigenous Peoples - Africa
The continent of Africa, including associated islands such as Madagascar, but excluding Arabia. List of indigenous peoples - Central Afr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Indigenous Rights Issues And Concerns
Wherever indigenous cultural identity is asserted, some particular set of societal issues and concerns may be voiced which either arise f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Indigenous Rights, Issues And Concerns
Wherever indigenous cultural identity is asserted, some particular set of societal issues and concerns may be voiced which either arise f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples - Contemporary Distribution And Survey
Indigenous populations are distributed in regions throughout the globe. The numbers, condition and experience of indigenous groups may va...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Indigenous Peoples - Americas
the Americas is the continent (or supercontinent) comprising of North and South America, and associated islands. Main articles: Indigeno...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Statistics On Indigenous Populations
The following table provides estimates of the per-country populations of indigenous peoples, and also those with part-indigenous ancestry...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Statistics On Indigenous Populations
The following table provides estimates of the per-country populations of indigenous peoples, and also those with part-indigenous ancestry...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Mexico
The territory of modern-day Mexico was home to numerous indigenous civilizations prior to the arrival of the European conquistadors: The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Early History
See also: Archeology of the Americas, Models of migration to the New World Indigenous peoples of the Americas - The Bering Strait Land B...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Mexico
The territory of modern-day Mexico was home to numerous indigenous civilizations prior to the arrival of the European conquistadors: The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Classification Of Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Classification Of Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - United States And Canada
Ethnographers commonly classify indigenous peoples in the United States and Canada into ten geographical regions with shared cultural tra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - European Colonization Of The Americas
The European colonization of the Americas forever changed the lives and cultures of the indigenous peoples of the continent. In the 15th ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil - Origins
The origins of these indigenous peoples are still a matter of dispute among archaeologists. The traditional view, which traces them to Si...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Indigenous Peoples - Asia
The (sub-)continent of Asia, including related islands, the Indian subcontinent, Central Asian Republics, the Middle East and Arabia. Li...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil - Origins
The origins of these indigenous peoples are still a matter of dispute among archaeologists. The traditional view, which traces them to Si...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Cultural Aspects
Though cultural features including language, garb, and customs vary enormously from one tribe to another; there are certain elements whic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Classification Of Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Classification Of Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Central And South America
The indigenous peoples of Central and South America are generally classified by language, environment, and cultural similarities. Classi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - European Colonization Of The Americas
The European colonization of the Americas forever changed the lives and cultures of the indigenous peoples of the continent. In the 15th ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Early History
See also: Archeology of the Americas, Models of migration to the New World Indigenous peoples of the Americas - The Bering Strait Land B...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Controversial Terminology
Generally, ethnic groups desire that others use the name they give themselves. This preference has gained importance recently as a means ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Cultural Aspects
Though cultural features including language, garb, and customs vary enormously from one tribe to another; there are certain elements whic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Cultural Aspects
Though cultural features including language, garb, and customs vary enormously from one tribe to another; there are certain elements whic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Northern Indigenous Peoples Of Russia: Encyclopedia Ii - Northern Indigenous Peoples Of Russia - Small Indigenous Peoples Of Russian North Siberia And Far East
The following 40 peoples (as of 2000) are officially recognized as Indigenous Small Peoples of Russia. They are included into the Еди�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - European Colonization Of The Americas
The European colonization of the Americas forever changed the lives and cultures of the indigenous peoples of the continent. In the 15th ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Early History
See also: Archeology of the Americas, Models of migration to the New World Indigenous peoples of the Americas - The Bering Strait Land B...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Indigenous People Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Indigenous People Of The Americas - North America
List of Indigenous people of the Americas - In Canada. Generally referred to as Aboriginal peoples in Canada when looking at the Fir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples Of The Americas - Controversial Terminology
Generally, ethnic groups desire that others use the name they give themselves. This preference has gained importance recently as a means ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia Ii - Bioregional Democracy - Ecoregions And Indigenous Peoples
Ecoregions, as defined by the science of ecology, are the borders of ecologically-sensitive districts, and may often converge with the bo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil - Brazilian Indians At The Time Of Discovery
Indigenous peoples in Brazil - Tools. The earliest Brazilian peoples used bone and chipped stone tools and weapons, similar to those fo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil - The Indians After The European Colonization
Indigenous peoples in Brazil - First contacts. When the Portuguese discoverers arrived for the first time in Brazil, in April 1500 they...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil - The Indians After The European Colonization
Indigenous peoples in Brazil - First contacts. When the Portuguese discoverers arrived for the first time in Brazil, in April 1500 they...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Treaty: Encyclopedia Ii - Treaty - Treaties And Indigenous Peoples
Treaties formed an important part of European colonization and, in many parts of the world, Europeans attempted to legitimize their sover...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Issues Facing Indigenous Australians Today
The Australian Aboriginal population is for the most part urbanised, but a substantial number live in settlements (often located on the s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Peoples In Brazil - Archaeological Remains
Virtually all the surviving archaeological evidence about the pre-history of Brazil dates from the period after the Asian migratory waves...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples - The Genocide Debate
The most controversial question relating to the population history of American indigenous peoples is whether or not the natives of the Am...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples - Other Causes Of Depopulation
Population history of American indigenous peoples - War and violence. While epidemic disease was by far the leading cause of the popula...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Issues Facing Indigenous Australians Today
The Australian Aboriginal population is for the most part urbanised, but a substantial number live in settlements (often located on the s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples - Depopulation From Disease
The earliest European immigrants offered two principal explanations for the population decline of the American natives. The first was the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Origins
There is no clear or accepted racial origin of the indigenous people of Australia. Although they migrated to Australia through South-East...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Definitions
The term "Indigenous Australians" encompasses a large number of diverse communities and societies, with notably different modes of subsis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Before European Settlement
At the time of first European contact, it is estimated that between 300,000 and 1 million people lived in Australia. Population levels ar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - First Nations: Encyclopedia Ii - First Nations - Band First Nation And Indigenous Peoples Tribes Or Nations
A First Nation is a legally undefined term that came into common usage in the 1970s to replace the term "Indian band". A band is defined ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - Population History Of American Indigenous Peoples - Population Overview
Estimates of how many people were living in the Americas when Columbus arrived have varied tremendously; in the 20th century scholarly es...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Origins
There is no clear or accepted racial origin of the indigenous people of Australia. Although they migrated to Australia through South-East...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Definitions
The term Indigenous Australians encompasses a large number of diverse communities and societies, with notably different modes of subsiste...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - Before European Settlement
At the time of first European contact, it is estimated that between 300,000 and 1 million people lived in Australia. Population levels ar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Australians: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Australians - The Path To Reconciliation: 1950-2005
Albert Namatjira was the first Aboriginal Australian to be given Australian citizenship, in 1957. Aborigines were given the right to vote...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas - Background
Archeological and DNA evidence suggests that the Americas were peopled by migrants from Siberia about 17,000-10,000 years ago. A persiste...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas - Background
Archeological and DNA evidence suggests that the Americas were peopled by migrants from Siberia about 17,000-10,000 years ago. A persiste...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas - Unattested Languages
Several languages are only known by mention in historical documents or from only a few names or words. It cannot be determined that these...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas: Encyclopedia Ii - Indigenous Languages Of The Americas - Unattested Languages
Several languages are only known by mention in historical documents or from only a few names or words. It cannot be determined that these...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sami People: Encyclopedia Ii - Sami People - History
The Sami peoples have inhabited the northern regions of Scandinavia since far back. How far back is a matter of debate, but from at least...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Scottish People: Encyclopedia Ii - Scottish People - Clarifying The Scope Of This Article
The words Scot (see Scots) and Scottish each have two different meanings. One refers to the people who live in or come from, the norther...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Scottish People: Encyclopedia Ii - Scottish People - A Complex Heritage
The Beaker People were the first documented cultural group in Britain. They were skilled at making ornaments from gold, and examples of t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Scottish People: Encyclopedia Ii - Scottish People - Anglicisation
There are also many Scottish surnames which have become "anglicised" (made to sound English) over the centuries. Davis, Bruce, Campbell, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pashtun People: Encyclopedia Ii - Pashtun People - History And Origins
Pashtun culture is ancient and much of it is yet to be recorded in contemporary times. There are many conflicting theories, some contempo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pashtun People: Encyclopedia Ii - Pashtun People - Who Is A Pashtun?
Amongst historians, anthropologists, and the Pashtuns themselves, there is some debate as to who exactly is a Pashtun. The most prominent...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pashtun People: Encyclopedia Ii - Pashtun People - Institutions
The Pashtuns are predominantly a tribal people, however, increasing numbers now dwell in cities and urban settlements. Many still identif...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pashtun People: Encyclopedia Ii - Pashtun People - Culture
Throughout Pashtun history poets, prophets, kings and warriors have been the most revered members of society. The term 'Pakhto' or 'Pasht...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pashtun People: Encyclopedia Ii - Pashtun People - Social Conditions
The Pashtuns today are a diverse population with widely varying lifestyles and perspectives. The effects of globalization have led to the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saci Brazilian Folklore: Encyclopedia Ii - Saci Brazilian Folklore - Origins Of The Legend
While some claim that the Saci myth originated in Europe, in the 13th century, it probably derives from the Yaci-Yaterê of Tupi-Guarani ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Columbus Day: Encyclopedia Ii - Columbus Day - Opposition
Some people, particularly Native Americans, find the holiday offensive because they object to honoring a person whom they see as opening ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo - Farming Hunting Food And Drink
Less than 2% of land is cultivated, and most of this is used for subsistence farming. People gather wild fruit, mushrooms, honey etc; hun...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo - People Language And Background
Like many African countries, the borders were drawn up by colonial powers, and bore little relation to to the actual spread of ethno-ling...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo: Encyclopedia Ii - Culture Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo - Dress And Fashion
Older members of more remote Congolese communities can remember when Congolese used to dress in clothes made of raffia and bark. Today, s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - History
Tasmania - Physical prehistory. It is believed that the island was joined to the mainland until the end of the most recent ice age appr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - Geography
Tasmania is a rugged island of temperate climate, and was considered so similar in some ways to pre-industrial England that it was referr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - Government
The form of the government of Tasmania is prescribed in its Constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - Politics
Tasmania's relatively low population density and temperate, maritime climate mean that it has a number of relatively unspoilt, ecological...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - Economy
Tasmania's erratic economy was first experienced by colonists in the early 1800s. The reasons have been many and varied over the years. M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia Ii - Bioregional Democracy - Ecoregions Contain Biological Dangers To Citizens
In addition to their convergence with indigenous people's lands and languages, and their natural reduction of threats to natural capital,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - Transport
The fastest and cheapest method of travel across Bass Strait is by air. The main carriers are Qantas, JetStar, and Virgin Blue, which fly...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - Culture
Tasmania - Sport. The dominant sports in Tasmania are cricket and Australian rules football. The Tasmanian Tigers cricket team, which p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia Ii - Bioregional Democracy - Ecoregional Consensus
Scientists claim that ecoregions are observed in nature rather than imposed by man. A natural border or keystone species or soil type or ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tasmania: Encyclopedia Ii - Tasmania - Culture
Tasmania - Sport. The dominant sports in Tasmania are cricket and Australian rules football. The Tasmanian Tigers cricket team, which p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - First Nations: Encyclopedia Ii - First Nations - History
Until the late 1960s, First Nations were often treated in order to try to assimilate them into Canadian culture. A common institution for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia Ii - Bioregional Democracy - Language And Biodiversity
A compelling but controversial argument for more bioregional democracy is the alignment of natural language and ecological stewardship il...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Early Hinduism: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Hinduism - At The Birth Of Hinduism
Hinduism was born out of the very complex, controversial, humane and violent dynamics of the ancient peoples of India. It involved spirit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia Ii - Bioregional Democracy - The Bioregional Revolutionary Movement
The Bioregional Revolution movement is a new organization (circa 2004) promoting bioregionalism, permaculture, local currencies, and nonv...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Early Hinduism: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Hinduism - Analyzing The History
Assessing the history of early Hinduism, involving the birth of its most sacred and fundamental tenets is extremely difficult, as the his...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia Ii - Bioregional Democracy - Ecoregions As Habitats
The theory of Natural Capitalism, which developed in the mid to late 1990s, holds that the functioning natural ecology of a region is a f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Early Hinduism: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Hinduism - Composition Of The Vedas
See Also: Vedas, Shruti Shruti Vedas Rig Veda Sama Veda Yajur Veda Atharva Veda Brahmanas Aranyakas Upanishads Smriti Itihāsas M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bioregional Democracy: Encyclopedia Ii - Bioregional Democracy - Ecoregions As Trade Barriers
While tax, tariff and trade barriers have generally been reduced worldwide, advocates of ecoregional democracy seek trading bloc biosafet...   » Read the article