The events of this period are known to many Indians as the First War of Independence and the War of Independence of 1857 and to the British, and many western historians, variously as the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, the Sepoy Rebellion, the Great Mutiny and the Revolt of 1857. The Indian rebellion of 1857 is a modern name for the conflict. The history of the rebellion is, to this day, an ongoing battle between two competing narratives, the history claimed by the British, who ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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Several months of increasing tension and inflammatory incidents preceeded the actual rebellion. Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta. Fires, possibly the result of arson, broke out near Calcutta on 24 January 1857. Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry. On February 26, 1857 the 19th Bengal Native Infantry (BNI) regiment came to know about new cartridges and refused to use them. Their Colonel confronted them angrily with artillery and cavalry on the p ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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1857–1858 was a period of armed uprising as well as rebellions in mostly northern and central India against British occupation of the subcontinent. The war brought about the end of the British East India Company's regime in India, and led to almost a century of direct rule of the Indian subcontinent by Britain: the British Raj. Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction. The events of this period are known to many Indians as the First War of Independence and the War of Independence of 1857 and to the ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes
Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys
Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war
Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut
Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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The events of this period are known to many Indians as the First War of Independence and the War of Independence of 1857 and to the British, and many western historians, variously as the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, the Sepoy Rebellion, the Great Mutiny and the Revolt of 1857. The Indian rebellion of 1857 is a modern name for the conflict. The history of the rebellion is, to this day, an ongoing battle between two competing narratives, the history claimed by the British, who ...

See also:

Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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This has been a subject of much speculation and divided historical opinion. But quite undoubtedly, the rebellion had diverse political, economic, religious and social causes. It is against this backdrop that the war of 1857 is to be seen. The sepoys (from sipahi, Hindi for soldier, used for native Indian soldiers) had their own list of grievances against the Company Raj, mainly caused by the ethnic gulf between the British officers and their Indian troops. Other than Indian units of the British East India Company's army, much of the resistance came from the old aristocracy, who were se ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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This has been a subject of much speculation and divided historical opinion. But quite undoubtedly, the rebellion had diverse political, economic, religious and social causes. It is against this backdrop that the war of 1857 is to be seen. The sepoys (from sipahi, Hindi for soldier, used for native Indian soldiers) had their own list of grievances against the Company Raj, mainly caused by the ethnic gulf between the British officers and their Indian troops. Other than Indian units of the British East India Company's army, much of the resistance came from the old aristocracy, who were se ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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Jhansi was a Maratha-ruled princely state in Bundelkhand. When the Raja of Jhansi died without an male heir in 1853, Jhansi was annexed to the British Raj by the Governor-General of India under the Doctrine of Lapse. His widow, Rani Lakshmi Bai, protested the annexation on the grounds that she had not been allowed to adopt a successor, as per Indian custom. When the Rebellion broke out, Jhansi quickly became a centre of the rebellion. A small group of British officials took refuge in Jhansi's fort, and the Rani negotiated their evacua ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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The rebellion now spread beyond the armed forces, but it did not result in a complete popular uprising as its leaders hoped. The Indian side was not completely unified. While Bahadur Shah Zafar was restored to the imperial throne there was a faction that wanted the Maratha rulers to be enthroned as well, and the Awadhis wanted to retain the powers that their Nawab used to have. The war was mainly centred in northern and central areas of India. Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur, Jhansi, Bareilly, Arrah and Jagdishpur were the main centres of conf ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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The rebellion now spread beyond the armed forces, but it did not result in a complete popular uprising as its leaders hoped. The Indian side was not completely unified. While Bahadur Shah Zafar was restored to the imperial throne there was a faction that wanted the Maratha rulers to be enthroned as well, and the Awadhis wanted to retain the powers that their Nawab used to have. The war was mainly centred in northern and central areas of India. Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur, Jhansi, Bareilly, Arrah and Jagdishpur were the main centres of conf ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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Rebellion erupted in the state of Awadh (also known as Oudh, in modern-day Uttar Pradesh) very soon after the events in Meerut. The British commander of Lucknow, Henry Lawrence, had enough time to fortify his position inside the Residency compound. British forces numbered some 1700 men, including loyal sepoys. The rebels initial assaults were unsuccessful, and so they began a barrage of artillery and musket fire into the compound. Lawrence was one of the first casualties. The rebels tried to breach the walls with explosives and bypass them v ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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From the end of 1857, the British had begun to gain ground again. Lucknow was retaken in March 1858. On 8 July 1858, a peace treaty was signed and the war ended. The last rebels were defeated in Gwalior on 20 June 1858. By 1859, rebel leaders Bakht Khan and Nana Sahib had either been slain or had fled. The British adopted the old Mughal punishment for mutiny and sentenced rebels were lashed to the mouth of cannons and blown to pieces. It was a crude and brutal war, with both sides resorting to what would now be described as war crimes. In the end, however, in terms of ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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The British were slow to strike back at first but eventually two columns left Meerut and Simla. They proceeded slowly towards Delhi and fought, killed, and hanged numerous Indians along the way. At the same time, the British moved regiments from the Crimean War, and diverted European regiments headed for China to India. After a march lasting two months, the British fought the main army of the rebels near Delhi in Badl-ke-Serai and drove them back to Delhi. The British established a base on the Delhi ridge to the north of the city and ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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Bahadur Shah Zafar proclaimed himself the Emperor of the whole of India. The civilians, nobility and other dignitaries took the oath of allegiance to the Emperor. The Emperor issued coins in his name, one of the oldest ways of asserting Imperial status, and his name was added to the Khutbah, the acceptance by Muslims that he is their King. Initially, the Indian soldiers were able to significantly push back Company forces. The sepoys captured several important towns in Haryana, Bihar, Central Provinces and the United Provinces. The British forces at Meerut and Ambala held out res ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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In June, sepoys under General Wheeler in Kanpur, (known as Cawnpore by the British) rebelled — apparently with tacit approval of the Nana Sahib — and besieged the European entrenchment. The British lasted three weeks of the Siege of Cawnpore with little water, suffering constant casualties. On the 25th of June the Nana Sahib requested surrender and Wheeler had little choice but to accept. The Nana Sahib promised them safe passage to a secure location but when the British boarded riverboats, their pilots fled, setting fire to the boats, and the rebellious sepoys opened fire on the British, ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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On 1 June 1858, Rani Lakshmi Bai and a group of Maratha rebels captured the fortress city of Gwalher (Gwalior) from the Shinde (Sindhia) rulers, who were British allies. The Rani was killed three weeks later at the start of the British assault, when she was hit by a spray of bullets after fleeing Gwalior. The British captured Gwalior three days later. The Rohillas centred in Bareilly were also very active in the war and this ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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On 1 June 1858, Rani Lakshmi Bai and a group of Maratha rebels captured the fortress city of Gwalher (Gwalior) from the Shinde (Sindhia) rulers, who were British allies. The Rani was killed three weeks later at the start of the British assault, when she was hit by a spray of bullets after fleeing Gwalior. The British captured Gwalior three days later. The Rohillas centred in Bareilly were also very active in the war and this ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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The rebellion also saw the end of the British East India Company's rule in India. In August, by the Queen's Proclamation of 1858, power was transferred to the British Crown. A secretary of state was entrusted with the authority of Indian affairs and the Crown's viceroy in India was to be the chief executive. The British embarked on a program of reform, trying to integrate Indian higher castes and rulers ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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Jhansi was a Maratha-ruled princely state in Bundelkhand. When the Raja of Jhansi died without an male heir in 1853, Jhansi was annexed to the British Raj by the Governor-General of India under the Doctrine of Lapse. His widow, Rani Lakshmi Bai, protested the annexation on the grounds that she had not been allowed to adopt a successor, as per Indian custom. When the Rebellion broke out, Jhansi quickly became a centre of the rebellion. A small group of British officials took refuge in Jhansi's fort, and the Rani negotiated their evacua ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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From the end of 1857, the British had begun to gain ground again. Lucknow was retaken in March 1858. On 8 July 1858, a peace treaty was signed and the war ended. The last rebels were defeated in Gwalior on 20 June 1858. By 1859, rebel leaders Bakht Khan and Nana Sahib had either been slain or had fled. The British adopted the old Mughal punishment for mutiny and sentenced rebels were lashed to the mouth of cannons and blown to pieces. It was a crude and brutal war, with both sides resorting to what would now be described as war crimes. In the end, however, in terms of ...

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Indian rebellion of 1857, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Introduction, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Causes, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Frictions, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Economics, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Political Interference, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Sepoys, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Start of the war, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Fire near Calcutta, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Bengal Native Infantry, Indian rebellion of 1857 - 3rd Light Cavalry at Meerut, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Support and Opposition, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Initial stages, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Delhi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Cawnpore, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Lucknow, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Jhansi, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Other areas, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Retaliation -- The Devil's Wind, Indian rebellion of 1857 - Reorganization

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