Metaphysically, Samkhya maintains a radical duality between spirit/consciousness (Purusha) and matter (Prakrti). All physical events are considered to be manifestations of the evolution of Prakrti, or primal nature (from which all physical bodies are derived). Each sentient being is a Purusha, and is limitless and unrestricted to its body. Bondage arises when the Purusha is misled as to its own identity and confuses itself with the physical body. The spirit is liberated with the realization that it i ...

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Samkhya, Samkhya - Epistemology, Samkhya - The metaphysics of Samkhya

Read more here: » Samkhya: Encyclopedia II - Samkhya - The metaphysics of Samkhya

In a judgment the Indian Supreme Court ruled that "no precise meaning can be ascribed to the terms 'Hindu', 'Hindutva' and 'Hinduism'; and no meaning in the abstract can confine it to the narrow limits of religion alone, excluding the content of Indian culture and heritage. In popular usage Hindutva has come to be identified with the guiding ideology of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, a Hindu Nationalist organization. The etymology of the word is peculiar, "Hindu-" coming from a Persian root while "-tva" is a Sanskrit suffix. "Hindut ...

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Hindutva, Hindutva - Organisations, Hindutva - Definition and etymology, Hindutva - Central beliefs, Hindutva - Philosophy, Hindutva - Major Organizations, Hindutva - Views on other faiths, Hindutva - Indian fascism?, Hindutva - Literature

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South Indians are racially, linguistically and culturally different from their North Indian compatriots although their cultures have influenced each other at various points in history. Whether or not the existing proto Dravidian culture was supplanted by invading Aryan nomads during the twilight of the Indus Valley Civilization or whether they simply coexisted and eventually merged to form another culture is a su ...

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South India, South India - The land, South India - Regions of South India, South India - The people, South India - The economy, South India - Andhra Pradesh, South India - Karnataka, South India - Kerala, South India - Tamil Nadu, South India - South Indian worldview and culture, South India - South Indian dance, South India - Traditional clothing, South India - Sculptures and figurine, South India - South Indian history, South India - South Indian heritage, South India - South Indian music, South India - Literature and philosophy, South India - Architecture and paintings, South India - South Indian diversity, South India - Selected bibliography

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South India has been at the crossroads of the ancient world, linking the Mediterranean world and the far-east. The Southern coastline from Karwar to Kodungalloor was the most important trading shore in the Indian sub-continent. This brought about a lot of intermingling of the natives with the traders. The South Indian coast of Malabar and the tamil people of the Sangam age had trade with the Graeco Roman world. They were in contact with the Phoenicians, Ro ...

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South India, South India - The land, South India - Regions of South India, South India - The people, South India - The economy, South India - Andhra Pradesh, South India - Karnataka, South India - Kerala, South India - Tamil Nadu, South India - South Indian worldview and culture, South India - South Indian dance, South India - Traditional clothing, South India - Sculptures and figurine, South India - South Indian history, South India - South Indian heritage, South India - South Indian music, South India - Literature and philosophy, South India - Architecture and paintings, South India - South Indian diversity, South India - Selected bibliography

Read more here: » South India: Encyclopedia II - South India - South Indian history

South India - South Indian music. The music of the South Indian people is called as Carnatic music. It includes sensuous rhythmic and structured music by composers like Purandara Dasa, Kanaka Dasa, Tyagaraja, Mysore Vasudevachari and Swathi Thirunal. See Carnatic music South India - Literature and philosophy. South India has an independent literary tradition going back over 2000 years. The first known literature of South India are the poetic Sangams, which were written i ...

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South India, South India - The land, South India - Regions of South India, South India - The people, South India - The economy, South India - Andhra Pradesh, South India - Karnataka, South India - Kerala, South India - Tamil Nadu, South India - South Indian worldview and culture, South India - South Indian dance, South India - Traditional clothing, South India - Sculptures and figurine, South India - South Indian history, South India - South Indian heritage, South India - South Indian music, South India - Literature and philosophy, South India - Architecture and paintings, South India - South Indian diversity, South India - Selected bibliography

Read more here: » South India: Encyclopedia II - South India - South Indian heritage

South Indians are primarily Dravidians by racial stock. They are united by the Dravidian language family. It is a distinct language family which includes Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Tulu, among many others. Tamil is considered to be closest to the Proto-Dravidian and one of classical languages of the world. Telugu and Kannada are also derived from proto-Dravidian, but with a greater admixture of words derived from Sanskrit. Malayalam was derived from Tamil in the late 13th century, with much less Sanskrit than Telugu and Kannada (although written Malay ...

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South India, South India - The land, South India - Regions of South India, South India - The people, South India - The economy, South India - Andhra Pradesh, South India - Karnataka, South India - Kerala, South India - Tamil Nadu, South India - South Indian worldview and culture, South India - South Indian dance, South India - Traditional clothing, South India - Sculptures and figurine, South India - South Indian history, South India - South Indian heritage, South India - South Indian music, South India - Literature and philosophy, South India - Architecture and paintings, South India - South Indian diversity, South India - Selected bibliography

Read more here: » South India: Encyclopedia II - South India - The people

South India is a vast triangular peninsula, bounded on the west by the Arabian Sea, and on the east by the Bay of Bengal. The Vindhya and Satpura ranges and the Narmada River are the traditional boundary between northern and southern India. South of the Satpuras, at the center of the peninsula, is the Deccan plateau, defined by the Western Ghats mountain range, which runs along the western edge of the peninsula, and the Eastern Ghats along the eastern edge. The great rivers of south India, the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri (Cauvery), rise in the Western Ghats and flow across the Deccan and through gaps in the Easter ...

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South India, South India - The land, South India - Regions of South India, South India - The people, South India - The economy, South India - Andhra Pradesh, South India - Karnataka, South India - Kerala, South India - Tamil Nadu, South India - South Indian worldview and culture, South India - South Indian dance, South India - Traditional clothing, South India - Sculptures and figurine, South India - South Indian history, South India - South Indian heritage, South India - South Indian music, South India - Literature and philosophy, South India - Architecture and paintings, South India - South Indian diversity, South India - Selected bibliography

Read more here: » South India: Encyclopedia II - South India - The land

The people are largely agrarian, dependent on monsoons, as are most people in India. Some of the main crops cultivated in South India include paddy, sorghum, millet, pulses, cotton, chilli, and ragi. South India was and still is the "promised land" as far as spice cultivation is concerned. Areca, coffee, pepper, tapioca, and cardamom are widely cultivated on the Nilgiri Hills and Coorg. But frequent droughts in Northern Karnataka, Rayalaseema and Telangana regions are leaving farmers debt-ridden, forcing them to sell their livestock a ...

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South India, South India - The land, South India - Regions of South India, South India - The people, South India - The economy, South India - Andhra Pradesh, South India - Karnataka, South India - Kerala, South India - Tamil Nadu, South India - South Indian worldview and culture, South India - South Indian dance, South India - Traditional clothing, South India - Sculptures and figurine, South India - South Indian history, South India - South Indian heritage, South India - South Indian music, South India - Literature and philosophy, South India - Architecture and paintings, South India - South Indian diversity, South India - Selected bibliography

Read more here: » South India: Encyclopedia II - South India - The economy

The advocates of Hindutva often use the term pseudo-secularism to refer to the Indian Constitution's provisions for minority rights. They point to the different standards for Hindus, Muslims and Christians. They rebel against an attempt to create what they see as a 'separate-but-equal' system; some supporters of Hindutva see it as the Indian National Congress party's effort to woo the sizeable minority vote bank at the expense of true equality. The subject of a secular Uniform Civil Code, which would remove special religion-based provisions ...

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Hindutva, Hindutva - Organisations, Hindutva - Definition and etymology, Hindutva - Central beliefs, Hindutva - Philosophy, Hindutva - Major Organizations, Hindutva - Views on other faiths, Hindutva - Indian fascism?, Hindutva - Literature

Read more here: » Hindutva: Encyclopedia II - Hindutva - Views on other faiths

Indian fascism is a term that has been erroneously applied by critics to certain Hindu organisations based on the principle of Hindutva, in particular the Sangh Parivar. The ideological beginning of this line of political thought in modern India is the RSS. Its aim, according to its stated objectives wants to instil national pride in every Indian. Its motto is 'Sangathit Hindu, Samartha Bharat' i.e. 'United Hindus, capable India'. The RSS is the largest voluntary organisation in the world. All of its gatherings are held on open ...

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Hindutva, Hindutva - Organisations, Hindutva - Definition and etymology, Hindutva - Central beliefs, Hindutva - Philosophy, Hindutva - Major Organizations, Hindutva - Views on other faiths, Hindutva - Indian fascism?, Hindutva - Literature

Read more here: » Hindutva: Encyclopedia II - Hindutva - Indian fascism?

 Vaisesika:

one of the schools of Indian philosophy

(See also:  Vaisesika, Body Mind and Soul)

 Vedanta:

one of the schools of Indian philosophy

(See also:  Vedanta, Body Mind and Soul)

Rajneesh - Childhood and awakening. Osho was born at Kuchwada, a small village in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. At the time, the astrologer predicted that he might die before he was seven years old according to the birth chart. His parents, who were Jains, chose to send him to be with his maternal grandparents until he was seven years old. Osho explains that this was a major influence on his growth because his grandmother gave him the utmost freedom and respect, and also made the other people including her husband do the same. So, Osho was left reckless ...

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Rajneesh, Rajneesh - Osho's philosophy, Rajneesh - Osho on meditation, Rajneesh - Biographical notes, Rajneesh - Childhood and awakening, Rajneesh - The Commune, Rajneesh - The U.S. chapter, Rajneesh - Back in Pune, Rajneesh - Quotations, Rajneesh - Bibliography

Read more here: » Rajneesh: Encyclopedia II - Rajneesh - Biographical notes

 Nyaya:

one of the schools of Indian philosophy

(See also:  Nyaya, Body Mind and Soul)

Rajneesh - Childhood and awakening. Osho was born at Kuchwada, a small village in Raisen District of Madhya Pradesh state in India. At the time, the astrologer predicted that he might die before he was seven years old according to the birth chart. His parents, who were Jains, chose to send him to be with his maternal grandparents until he was seven years old. Osho explains that this was a major influence on his growth because his grandmother gave him the utmost freedom and respect, and also made the other people including her husband do the same. So, Osho was left reckless ...

See also:

Rajneesh, Rajneesh - Osho's philosophy, Rajneesh - Osho on meditation, Rajneesh - Biographical notes, Rajneesh - Childhood and awakening, Rajneesh - The Commune, Rajneesh - The U.S. chapter, Rajneesh - Back in Pune, Rajneesh - Quotations, Rajneesh - Bibliography

Read more here: » Rajneesh: Encyclopedia II - Rajneesh - Biographical notes

 Samkhya:

one of the schools of Indian philosophy

(See also:  Samkhya, Body Mind and Soul)

 Mimansa:

one of the schools of Indian philosophy

(See also:  Mimansa, Body Mind and Soul)

Vaisheshika

One of the schools (systems) of Indian philosophy

(See also: Vaisheshika, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Sankhya

One of the schools (systems) of Indian philosophy

(See also: Sankhya, New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

The tradition of Islamic Philosophy is still very alive today despite the beliefs of many Western cycles considering this tradition to have abruptly ceased after the golden ages of Mulla Sadra’s doctrine & Suhrawardi’s (Mulla Sadra’s doctrine is called Hikmat-e-Mota’aliye or Transcendent (Exalted) Philosophy and Suhrawardi’s as Hikmat al-Ishraq or Illumination Philosophy). Another unavoidable name is Allama Muhammad Iqbal who reshaped and revitalized the concept of Islamic philosophy amongst muslims of Indian sub- ...

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Islamic philosophy, Islamic philosophy - Definition, Islamic philosophy - Introduction, Islamic philosophy - Formative influences, Islamic philosophy - Early Islamic philosophy, Islamic philosophy - The Classical Period, Islamic philosophy - Ninth century, Islamic philosophy - Twelfth century, Islamic philosophy - Later Islamic philosophy, Islamic philosophy - Modern Islamic philosophy, Islamic philosophy - Sub articles

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Buddhist philosophy - Epistemology. Decisive in distinguishing Buddhism from what is commonly called Hinduism is the issue of epistemological justification. The schools of Indian logic recognize a certain set of valid justifications for knowledge, while Buddhism recognizes a smaller set. Both accept perception and argument, for example, but for the orthodox schools (of Hinduism), the received textual tradition (e.g., the Vedas) is in itself an epistemological category equal to perception and argument (although th ...

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Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist philosophy - Introduction, Buddhist philosophy - Buddhism as philosophy?, Buddhist philosophy - Philosophical areas addressed in Buddhism, Buddhist philosophy - Epistemology, Buddhist philosophy - Metaphysics and phenomenology, Buddhist philosophy - Interpenetration, Buddhist philosophy - Ethics, Buddhist philosophy - Historical development of Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist philosophy - Early development, Buddhist philosophy - Later developments, Buddhist philosophy - Comparison with other philosophies, Buddhist philosophy - Some Buddhist philosophers

Read more here: » Buddhist philosophy: Encyclopedia II - Buddhist philosophy - Philosophical areas addressed in Buddhism

The word alchemy comes from the Arabic al-kīmiyaˀ or al-khīmiyaˀ (الكيمياء or الخيمياء), which is probably formed from the article al- and the Greek word chumeia (χυμεία) meaning "cast together", "pour together", "weld", "alloy", etc. (from khumatos, "that which is poured out, an ingot"). A decree of Diocletian, written about 300 CE in Greek, speaks against "the ancient writings of the Egyptians, which treat of the khēmia ...

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Alchemy, Alchemy - Overview, Alchemy - Alchemy as a proto-science, Alchemy - The changing goals of alchemy, Alchemy - Alchemy and astrology, Alchemy - Alchemy in the age of science, Alchemy - Alchemy as a subject of historical research, Alchemy - Etymology, Alchemy - History, Alchemy - Alchemy in Ancient Egypt, Alchemy - Chinese alchemy, Alchemy - Indian alchemy, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Greek world, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Roman Empire, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Islamic world, Alchemy - Alchemy in Medieval Europe, Alchemy - Alchemy in the Modern Age and Renaissance, Alchemy - The decline of Western alchemy, Alchemy - Modern 'alchemy', Alchemy - Alchemy in art and entertainment, Alchemy - Literature, Alchemy - Music, Alchemy - Other alchemical pages, Alchemy - Related and alternative philosophies, Alchemy - Scientific connections, Alchemy - Substances of the alchemists, Alchemy - Other resources

Read more here: » Alchemy: Encyclopedia II - Alchemy - Etymology