Reflecting the cultures that settled North America, the roots of old-time music are based in the traditional musics of the British Isles (primarily England, Scotland, and Ireland), with a strong admixture of African music. In some regions French and German sources are also prominent. While many dance tunes and ballads can be traced to European sources, many others are of purely North American origin. Old-time music - The term old-time. As the oldest form of North American traditional music, other than Native American music, the term "old-time" is an appropriate one. As a l ...

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Old-time music, Old-time music - History, Old-time music - The term old-time, Old-time music - Other sources, Old-time music - Revival, Old-time music - Instrumentation, Old-time music - Old-time music as dance music, Old-time music - Learning old-time music, Old-time music - Regional styles, Old-time music - Appalachia, Old-time music - New England, Old-time music - Midwest, Old-time music - The non-Appalachian South, Old-time music - Texas and the West, Old-time music - Canada, Old-time music - Notes, Old-time music - Films, Old-time music - Samples

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The earliest Indians, the Harappans, probably ate mainly wheat, rice and lentils, and occasionally meats such as pork, lamb, goat and chicken. Rice and chicken seem to have come from Thailand, and wheat and lamb from western Asia. Some of the wheat was made into stews or soups, and some into flat breads called chapatis. Cows were considered sacred and it is believed that they did not eat beef. Around 1100 AD, with the Islamic conquests in n ...

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Culture of India, Culture of India - Cultural policy, Culture of India - History, Culture of India - Drama and theatre, Culture of India - Literature, Culture of India - Dance, Culture of India - Music, Culture of India - Art, Culture of India - Painting, Culture of India - Movies, Culture of India - Recreation and sports, Culture of India - Cuisine, Culture of India - Different communities, Culture of India - Political culture

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Bollywood budgets are usually modest by Hollywood standards. Sets, costumes, special effects, and cinematography were less than world-class up until the mid-to-late 1990s. But as Western films and television gain wider distribution in India itself, there is increasing pressure for Bollywood films to attain the same production levels. Sequences shot overseas have proved a real box office draw, so Mumbai film crews are increasingly peripatetic, filming in Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, continental Europe and elsewhere. Nowadays, India ...

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Bollywood, Bollywood - Genre conventions, Bollywood - Bollywood song and dance, Bollywood - Dialogues and lyrics, Bollywood - Cast and crew, Bollywood - Finances, Bollywood - Advertising, Bollywood - Controversies, Bollywood - Accusations of plagiarism, Bollywood - Sex scandals, Bollywood - Bollywood awards, Bollywood - History, Bollywood - List of popular movies

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Main article: History of Indian cinema Cinema first came to India in 1896, when the Lumiere Brothers’ Cinematographe showed six short films in the Watson Hotel. Three years later Harishchandra Bhatvadekar shot and exhibited two short films. Following that, there were several attempts to film staged plays and imported films were shown in the first decade of the 20th century. The first indigenous silent feature film was Raja Harishchandra, released in 1913 and directed by Dhundiraj Govind Phalke, nicknamed "Dadasaheb," who is considered the father of Indian film. The cinema industry was well established b ...

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Bollywood, Bollywood - Genre conventions, Bollywood - Bollywood song and dance, Bollywood - Dialogues and lyrics, Bollywood - Cast and crew, Bollywood - Finances, Bollywood - Advertising, Bollywood - Controversies, Bollywood - Accusations of plagiarism, Bollywood - Sex scandals, Bollywood - Bollywood awards, Bollywood - History, Bollywood - List of popular movies

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Mami Wata is a popular subject in the art, fiction, poetry, music, and film of the Caribbean and West and Central Africa. Visual artists especially seem drawn to her image, and both wealthier Africans and tourists buy paintings and wooden sculptures of the goddess. She also figures prominently in the folk art of Africa, with her image adorning walls of bars and living rooms, album covers, and other items. Mami Wata has also proved to be a popular theme in African and Caribbean literature. Authors who have featured her in their fiction ...

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Mami Wata, Mami Wata - Appearance, Mami Wata - Cult, Mami Wata - Attributes, Mami Wata - Water, Mami Wata - Sex, Mami Wata - Healing and fertility, Mami Wata - Other associations, Mami Wata - Origins and development, Mami Wata - Spread through Africa, Mami Wata - Modern development, Mami Wata - Across the Atlantic, Mami Wata - Mami Wata in popular culture, Mami Wata - Other names

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Within Tibetan Buddhism Tara is regarded as a Bodhisattva of Compassion. She can be seen as the female aspect of Avalokitesvara, and in some origin stories she comes from his tears, but she has older antecedents as a Mother Goddess, before Avalokitesvara and the Bodhisattva ideal emerged. Tara is also known as a Saviouress, as a heavenly deity who hears the cries of beings experiencing misery in Samsara. And Tara is also a Tantric deity, whose practice is used by practitioners of Vajrayana to develop certain inner qualities and understand o ...

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Tara Buddhism, Tara Buddhism - Emergence of Tara as a Buddhist Deity, Tara Buddhism - Origin as a Buddhist Bodhisattva, Tara Buddhism - Tara as a Saviouress, Tara Buddhism - Tara as a Tantric Deity, Tara Buddhism - Sadhanas of Tara

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Bollywood - Accusations of plagiarism. Constrained by rushed production schedules and small budgets, some Bollywood writers and musicians have been known to resort to plagiarism. They copy ideas, plot lines, tunes or riffs from sources close at hand (Pakistani [3] and Tamil films and songs) or far away (Hollywood and other Western movies, Western pop hits). In past times, this could be done with impunity. Copyright enforcement was lax in South Asia. As for the Western sources, the Bollywood film industry w ...

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Bollywood, Bollywood - Genre conventions, Bollywood - Bollywood song and dance, Bollywood - Dialogues and lyrics, Bollywood - Cast and crew, Bollywood - Finances, Bollywood - Advertising, Bollywood - Controversies, Bollywood - Accusations of plagiarism, Bollywood - Sex scandals, Bollywood - Bollywood awards, Bollywood - History, Bollywood - List of popular movies

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See List of compositions by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Rimsky-Korsakov was a prolific composer. Like his compatriot Cui, his greatest efforts were expended on his operas. There are fifteen operas to his credit, including Kashchei the Immortal and The Tale of Tsar Saltan. The subjects of the operas range from historical melodramas like The Tsar's Bride, to folk operas, such as May Night, to fairytales and legends like Snowmaiden. In their juxtaposed depictions of the real and the fantastic ...

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Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov - Biography, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov - Legacy, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov - Overview of Compositions, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov - Major Literary Works, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov - Bibliographic Sources, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov - Other Media

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Main articles: Arts and Entertainment in India and Culture of India India has a rich and unique cultural heritage, and has managed to preserve its established traditions throughout history. It has always absorbed customs, traditions and ideas from both invaders and immigrants. Many cultural practices, languages, customs and even monuments are examples of this co-mingling over centuries. Famous monuments, such as the Taj Mahal and other examples of Islamic-inspired architecture have been inherited from the Mughal dynasty. These are the result of a syncretic tradition that combined elemen ...

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India, India - History, India - Government, India - Politics, India - States and union territories, India - Geography, India - Economy, India - Demographics, India - Culture, India - Sports and games, India - Holidays, India - Notes

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Bangladesh has a vibrant culture that encompasses traditions both old and new. The Bangla language boasts a rich literary heritage, most of which is shared by Bangladesh and West Bengal. The first literary text in Bangla is the millenium-old Charyapada. Medieval ages saw a lot of activity in the Bangla literary scene by poets like Alaol and Chandidas. However, it is in the nineteenth century that Bangla literature gained its maturity. The greatest literary icons of Bangla literature are Rabindranath Tagore and Kazi Nazrul Islam. Rabindranath ...

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Bangladesh, Bangladesh - History, Bangladesh - Early history, Bangladesh - Arrival of Islam, Bangladesh - British Era, Bangladesh - 1947 Partition, Bangladesh - East Pakistan, Bangladesh - Independent Bangladesh, Bangladesh - Government and politics, Bangladesh - Structure of the Government, Bangladesh - Legal System, Bangladesh - Political parties, Bangladesh - Subdivisions, Bangladesh - Geography, Bangladesh - Economy, Bangladesh - Demographics, Bangladesh - Culture, Bangladesh - Sports, Bangladesh - Education, Bangladesh - Miscellaneous topics

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Bangladesh has a vibrant culture that encompasses traditions both old and new. The Bangla language boasts a rich literary heritage, mostly shared by Bangladesh and West Bengal. The first literary text in Bangla is the millenium-old Charyapada. The medieval ages saw much activity in Bangla literature by poets like Alaol and Chandidas. Bangla literature matured in the nineteenth century. The greatest literary icons are Rabindranath Tagore and Kazi Nazrul Islam. Rabindranath wrote what was later adopted as Bangladesh's national anthem Amar Shon ...

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Bangladesh, Bangladesh - History, Bangladesh - Early history, Bangladesh - Arrival of Islam, Bangladesh - British Era, Bangladesh - 1947 Partition, Bangladesh - East Pakistan, Bangladesh - Independent Bangladesh, Bangladesh - Government and politics, Bangladesh - Structure of the Government, Bangladesh - Legal System, Bangladesh - Political parties, Bangladesh - Subdivisions, Bangladesh - Geography, Bangladesh - Economy, Bangladesh - Demographics, Bangladesh - Culture, Bangladesh - Sports, Bangladesh - Education, Bangladesh - Miscellaneous topics

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Main article: French folk music As Europe experienced a wave of roots revivals, France found its regional cultures reviving traditional music. Brittany, Limousin, Gascony, Corsica and Auvergne were among the regions that underwent a popularization of folk music. Traditional styles of music had survived most in remote areas like the island of Corsica and mountainous Auvergne, as well as the more nationalist lands of the Basques and Bretons. In many cases, folk traditions were revived in relatively recent years to cater to tourists. These groupes folkloriques tend to focus on very early 20th centur ...

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Music of France, Music of France - Folk music, Music of France - Central France, Music of France - Bagpipe and hurdy gurdy, Music of France - Southern France, Music of France - Basque, Music of France - Corsica, Music of France - Brittany, Music of France - Music history, Music of France - Classical music, Music of France - Opera, Music of France - Classical music era and modern French classical music, Music of France - Popular music, Music of France - Rock, Music of France - Hip hop, Music of France - Raï

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Irish traditional music, like all traditional musics, is characterized by slow-moving change, which usually occurs along accepted principles. Songs and tunes believed to be ancient in origin are respected. It is, however, difficult or impossible to know the age of most tunes due to their tremendous variation across Ireland and through the years; some generalization is possible, however -- for example, only modern songs are written in English, with few exceptions, the rest being in Irish. Most of the oldest songs, tunes, and methods are rural in origin, though more mo ...

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Music of Ireland, Music of Ireland - Social Factors, Music of Ireland - Traditional music, Music of Ireland - Music for Dancing, Music of Ireland - Instruments Used in Traditional Irish Music, Music of Ireland - Late Nineteenth Century revival and the Twentieth Century, Music of Ireland - Pub sessions, Music of Ireland - 1960s and 70s: Revival...again, Music of Ireland - Late 20th century: Rock and More..., Music of Ireland - Samples

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Tamil people - Language and literature. Main articles: Tamil language, Tamil literature Tamils have strong feelings towards the Tamil language, which is often venerated in literature as "tamil̲an̲n̲ai," "the Tamil mother." It has historically been, and to large extent still is, central to the Tamil identity (Ramaswamy 1998). Like the other languages of South India, it is a Dravidian language, unrelated to the Indo-European languages of northern India. The language has been far less influenced by ...

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Tamil people, Tamil people - History, Tamil people - The pre-classical period, Tamil people - The classical period, Tamil people - The imperial and post-imperial periods, Tamil people - Tamils in Sri Lanka, Tamil people - The modern period, Tamil people - Geographic distribution, Tamil people - Tamils in India, Tamil people - Tamils in Sri Lanka, Tamil people - Tamil emigrant communities, Tamil people - Culture, Tamil people - Language and literature, Tamil people - Visual art and architecture, Tamil people - Performing arts, Tamil people - Religion, Tamil people - Martial arts, Tamil people - Institutions

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The film script (frequently credited as "dialogues") and the song lyrics are often written by different people. The dialogues are mostly written in Hindi, with use of Urdu in situations which require poetic dialogues. Contemporary mainstream movies also make great use of English. Dialogues are often melodramatic and invoke God, family, mother, duty, and self-sacrifice liberally. As an example, below is a dialogue from the 1975 film Deewar, between the gangster brother Vijay and his policeman brother Ravi:

Bollywood employs people from all parts of India. It attracts thousands of aspiring actors and actresses, all hoping for a break in the industry. Models and beauty contestants, television actors, theatre actors and even common people come to Mumbai with the hope and dream of becoming a star. Just as in Hollywood, very few succeed. Stardom in the entertainment industry is very fickle, and Bollywood is no exception. The popularity of the stars can rise and fall rapidly, based on single movies. Very few people become national icons, who ...

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Bollywood, Bollywood - Genre conventions, Bollywood - Bollywood song and dance, Bollywood - Dialogues and lyrics, Bollywood - Cast and crew, Bollywood - Finances, Bollywood - Advertising, Bollywood - Controversies, Bollywood - Accusations of plagiarism, Bollywood - Sex scandals, Bollywood - Bollywood awards, Bollywood - History, Bollywood - List of popular movies

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India's northern and northeastern states are partially situated in the Himalayan Mountain Range. The rest of northern, central and eastern India consists of the fertile Indo-Gangetic plain. In the west, bordering southeast Pakistan, lies the Thar Desert. The southern Indian Peninsula is almost entirely composed of the Deccan plateau, which is flanked by two hilly coastal ranges, the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats. India is home to several major rivers, including the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, Godavari, Kaveri, and Krishna. India has ...

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India, India - History, India - Government, India - Politics, India - States and union territories, India - Geography, India - Economy, India - Demographics, India - Culture, India - Sports and games, India - Holidays, India - Notes

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Canadian folk music includes Quebecois, English, Irish,Scottish and First Nations and Inuit forms, as well as other genres from immigrant communities representing Vietnam, Haiti, India, China, and other countries. Music of Canada - French-Canadian music. French settlers brought music with them when inhabiting what is now Quebec and other areas throughout Canada. Since the arrival of French music in Canada, there has been much inte ...

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Music of Canada, Music of Canada - Folk music, Music of Canada - French-Canadian music, Music of Canada - Maritime music, Music of Canada - Newfoundland music, Music of Canada - Western Canada, Music of Canada - First Nations, Music of Canada - Other immigrant communities, Music of Canada - Popular music, Music of Canada - Canadian popular styles, Music of Canada - 1970s, Music of Canada - 1980s, Music of Canada - 1990s, Music of Canada - 2000s, Music of Canada - Classical music, Music of Canada - Canto Pop, Music of Canada - Patriotic Canadian Songs, Music of Canada - Music awards, Music of Canada - Canada's musical landscape

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Thailand is primarily a Theravada Buddhist country, with minorities of Muslims, Christians, Mahayana Buddhists, and other religions. Thai Theravada Buddhism is divided into two main orders, the Thammayut Nikaya and the Maha Nikaya. All Thai Buddhists are under the legal authority of the Supreme Patriarch of Thailand, currently Somdet Phra Nyanasamvara Suvaddhana Mahathera. A recent reformist group, Santi Asoke, is l ...

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Culture of Thailand, Culture of Thailand - Arts, Culture of Thailand - Religion, Culture of Thailand - Cuisine, Culture of Thailand - Sport, Culture of Thailand - Customs, Culture of Thailand - Marriage, Culture of Thailand - Funerals

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Born in rural Menlo Park, California, to two bohemian writers—his father was an Irish immigrant and his mother, a former schoolteacher, had relocated from Iowa—Cowell demonstrated precocious musical talent and began playing the violin at the age of five. Though raised by his mother after his parents' divorce in 1903, the Irish music he was introduced to by his father would be a touchstone for Cowell throughout his career. While receiving no formal musical education (and little schooling of any kind outside the home), he began to compose ...

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Henry Cowell, Henry Cowell - Early life, Henry Cowell - Prime of career, Henry Cowell - Musical pioneer, Henry Cowell - Ultra-modernist and world music leader, Henry Cowell - Imprisonment, Henry Cowell - Late career, Henry Cowell - Notes, Henry Cowell - References and further reading, Henry Cowell - Selected discography, Henry Cowell - Recordings by Cowell, Henry Cowell - Selected other recordings of his works

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Cowell, who was bisexual, was arrested and convicted on a "morals" charge in 1936. Sentenced to a decade-and-a-half incarceration, he would spend the next four years in San Quentin State Prison. There he taught fellow inmates, directed the prison band, and continued to write music at his customary prolific pace, producing around sixty compositions,> including two major pieces for percussion ensemble: the Oriental-toned Pulse (1939) and the memorably sepulchral Return (1939). He also continued his experiments in aleatory: For ...

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Henry Cowell, Henry Cowell - Early life, Henry Cowell - Prime of career, Henry Cowell - Musical pioneer, Henry Cowell - Ultra-modernist and world music leader, Henry Cowell - Imprisonment, Henry Cowell - Late career, Henry Cowell - Notes, Henry Cowell - References and further reading, Henry Cowell - Selected discography, Henry Cowell - Recordings by Cowell, Henry Cowell - Selected other recordings of his works

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Satyrs are most commonly described as having the upper half of a man and the lower half of a goat or, less commonly, the lower half of a horse. They are also described as possesing a long thick tail, either that of a goat or horse. Mature Satyrs are often depicted with goat horns, while juveniles are often shown with bony nubs on their foreheads.Attic painted vases depict satyrs as being strongly built with flat noses, large pointed ears, long curly hair, full beards, with wreaths of vine or ivy circling their heads. Satyrs often carry the thyrsus; the rod ...

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Satyr, Satyr - Mythology, Satyr - Satyrs in Greek Mythology and Art, Satyr - Satyrs in Roman Mythology, Satyr - Other References, Satyr - Baby satyr

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